Serum soluble interleukin‑2 receptor levels for screening for malignant lymphomas and differential diagnosis from other conditions

Murakami,Jun; Arita,Kotaro; Wada,Akinori; Mihara,Hiroshi; Origasa,Hideki; Kigawa,Mika; Yasuda,Ichiro; Sato,Tsutomu

doi:10.3892/mco.2019.1922

November-2019 Volume 11 Issue 5

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November-2019 Volume 11 Issue 5

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Article Open Access

Serum soluble interleukin‑2 receptor levels for screening for malignant lymphomas and differential diagnosis from other conditions

Authors:
- Jun Murakami
- Kotaro Arita
- Akinori Wada
- Hiroshi Mihara
- Hideki Origasa
- Mika Kigawa
- Ichiro Yasuda
- Tsutomu Sato
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama 930‑0194, Japan, Division of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Toyama, Graduate School of Medicine, Toyama 930‑0194, Japan, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238‑8522, Japan

Copyright: © Murakami et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
Pages: 474-482
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Published online on: September 11, 2019

https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2019.1922
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Abstract

The serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R) level is elevated in patients with most types of lymphoid neoplasms, and is also elevated in patients with solid tumors or reactive conditions, such as severe inflammation. To evaluate the diagnostic significance of sIL2R levels for the screening and differential diagnosis of lymphomas, data from 248 consecutive adult patients with suspected lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed in order to determine its diagnostic characteristics and the clinical parameters that affect diagnosis. In 133 patients with aggressive or indolent lymphomas or related neoplasms, the sIL2R level was higher (median: 920 U/ml, standard deviation: 7,312 U/ml) compared with that of 115 patients with other diagnoses (median: 520 U/ml, standard deviation: 727 U/ml), including solid tumors, infection, inflammation, and others. When the cutoff value of sIL2R was 1,104 U/ml, the specificity was 80%, at which point lymphoma was suspected. When the threshold levels were increased from 1,500 to 2,000 U/ml, the specificity increased from 87 to 93%, with the positive likelihood ratio increasing from 2.99 to 4.97, strongly suggesting the diagnosis of lymphoma. The receiver operating characteristic curve for prediction of lymphoma by sIL2R revealed that the area under the curve was 0.695. The curve was nearest to the left corner of the plot when the threshold was 1,946 U/ml; at this point, the sensitivity, specificity and positive likelihood ratio were 35%, 93% and 5.06, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that an age >46 years and lactate dehydrogenase level >173 U/l appeared to increase the risk of malignant lymphoma diagnosis. Although sIL2R appears to be a less specific marker for the screening of lymphomas, its detection at higher levels strongly suggests the diagnosis of lymphomas. Therefore, sIL2R may be more useful compared with any other parameter for lymphoma diagnosis, provided other false‑positive conditions are taken into consideration.

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Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Oncology

Molecular Medicine Reports

Oncology Reports

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Oncology Letters

Biomedical Reports

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

World Academy of Sciences Journal

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Epigenetics

Medicine International

Serum soluble interleukin‑2 receptor levels for screening for malignant lymphomas and differential diagnosis from other conditions

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