Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular and Clinical Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9450 Online ISSN: 2049-9469
Journal Cover
July-2020 Volume 13 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2020 Volume 13 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review Open Access

Significance of bacterial and viral genotypes as a risk factor in driving cancer (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Diwash Jangam
    • Alexandra Butzmann
    • Kaushik Sridhar
    • Stanley Deresinski
    • Niaz Banaei
    • Robert Shigeo Ohgami
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
    Copyright: © Jangam et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 3-12
    |
    Published online on: May 7, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2043
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Microbes have been known to drive human cancers for over half a century. However, despite the association of bacterial and viral infections with a high risk of cancer, most infections do not result in the development of cancer. Additionally, certain bacteria and viruses, considered to drive oncogenesis, are commonly prevalent in the global population. The current study performed a comprehensive meta‑analysis of primary literature data to identify particular aspects of microbial genotypes as crucial factors that dictate the cancer risks associated with infection. The results indicated the importance of incorporating microbial genotype information with human genotypes into clinical assays for the more efficient diagnosis and prognosis of patients with cancer. The current review focuses on the importance of microbial genotypes and specific genes and genetic differences that are important to human oncogenesis.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Dzutsev A, Badger JH, Perez-Chanona E, Roy S, Salcedo R, Smith CK and Trinchieri G: Microbes and cancer. Annu Rev Immunol. 35:199–228. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Hudnall SD (ed): Viruses and Human Cancer. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY, 2014.

3 

Mager DL: Bacteria and cancer: Cause, coincidence or cure? A review. J Transl Med. 4(14)2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Wroblewski LE, Peek RM Jr and Wilson KT: Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: Factors that modulate disease risk. Clin Microbiol Rev. 23:713–739. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Chen HP, Jiang JK, Chan CH, Teo WH, Yang CY, Chen YC, Chou TY, Lin CH and Chan YJ: Genetic polymorphisms of the human cytomegalovirus UL144 gene in colorectal cancer and its association with clinical outcome. J Gen Virol. 96:3613–3623. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Mohamed HT, El-Shinawi M, Nouh MA, Bashtar AR, Elsayed ET, Schneider RJ and Mohamed MM: Inflammatory breast cancer: High incidence of detection of mixed human cytomegalovirus genotypes associated with disease pathogenesis. Front Oncol. 4(246)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Lowy DR and Schiller JT: Reducing HPV-associated cancer globally. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 5:18–23. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Poiesz BJ, Ruscetti FW, Gazdar AF, Bunn PA, Minna JD and Gallo RC: Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 77:7415–7419. 1980.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Chadburn A, Said J, Gratzinger D, Chan JK, de Jong D, Jaffe ES, Natkunam Y and Goodlad JR: HHV8/KSHV-positive lymphoproliferative disorders and the spectrum of plasmablastic and plasma cell neoplasms: 2015 SH/EAHP Workshop Report-Part 3. Am J Clin Pathol. 147:171–187. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Nagy A, Bhaduri A, Shahmarvand N, Shahryari J, Zehnder JL, Warnke RA, Mughal T, Ali S and Ohgami RS: Next-generation sequencing of idiopathic multicentric and unicentric Castleman disease and follicular dendritic cell sarcomas. Blood Adv. 2:481–491. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Farrell PJ: Epstein-barr virus and cancer. Annu Rev Pathol. 14:29–53. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Hoffmann JC, Chisholm KM, Cherry A, Chen J, Arber DA, Natkunam Y, Warnke RA and Ohgami RS: An analysis of MYC and EBV in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas associated with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified. Hum Pathol. 48:9–17. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Uemura N, Okamoto S, Yamamoto S, Matsumura N, Yamaguchi S, Yamakido M, Taniyama K, Sasaki N and Schlemper RJ: Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer. N Engl J Med. 345:784–789. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Talledo M, López G, Huyghe JR, Verdonck K, González E, Clark D, Vanham G, Gotuzzo E, Van Camp G and Van Laer L: Possible implication of NFKB1A and NKG2D genes in susceptibility to HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis in Peruvian patients infected with HTLV-1. J Med Virol. 84:319–326. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Edwards RH, Sitki-Green D, Moore DT and Raab-Traub N: Potential selection of LMP1 variants in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Virol. 78:868–881. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Michaelis M, Doerr HW and Cinatl J: The story of human cytomegalovirus and cancer: Increasing evidence and open questions. Neoplasia. 11:1–9. 2015.

17 

Parsa N: Environmental factors inducing human cancers. Iran J Public Health. 41:1–9. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Muenst S, Läubli H, Soysal SD, Zippelius A, Tzankov A and Hoeller S: The immune system and cancer evasion strategies: Therapeutic concepts. J Intern Med. 279:541–562. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Chen JN, Ding YG, Feng ZY, Li HG, He D, Du H, Wu B and Shao CK: Association of distinctive Epstein-Barr virus variants with gastric carcinoma in Guangzhou, southern China. J Med Virol. 82:658–667. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Hatakeyama M: Helicobacter pylori CagA and gastric cancer: A paradigm for hit-and-run carcinogenesis. Cell Host Microbe. 15:306–316. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Basso D, Zambon CF, Letley DP, Stranges A, Marchet A, Rhead JL, Schiavon S, Guariso G, Ceroti M, Nitti D, et al: Clinical relevance of Helicobacter pylori cagA and vacA gene polymorphisms. Gastroenterology. 135:91–99. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Foegeding NJ, Caston RR, McClain MS, Ohi MD and Cover TL: An overview of Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin biology. Toxins (Basel). 8(E173)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Gerhard M, Lehn N, Neumayer N, Borén T, Rad R, Schepp W, Miehlke S, Classen M and Prinz C: Clinical relevance of the Helicobacter pylori gene for blood-group antigen-binding adhesin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:12778–12783. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Yamaoka Y, Kikuchi S, el-Zimaity HMT, Gutierrez O, Osato MS and Graham DY: Importance of Helicobacter pylori oipA in clinical presentation, gastric inflammation, and mucosal interleukin 8 production. Gastroenterology. 123:414–424. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Hussein NR: The association of dupA and Helicobacter pylori-related gastroduodenal diseases. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 29:817–821. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Franco AT, Friedman DB, Nagy TA, Romero-Gallo J, Krishna U, Kendall A, Israel DA, Tegtmeyer N, Washington MK and Peek RM Jr: Delineation of a carcinogenic Helicobacter pylori proteome. Mol Cell Proteomics. 8:1947–1958. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Pai PC, Tseng CK, Chuang CC, Wei KC, Hao SP, Hsueh C, Chang KP and Tsang NM: Polymorphism of C-terminal activation region 2 of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 in predicting distant failure and post-metastatic survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Head Neck. 29:109–119. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Sueur C, Lupo J, Mas P, Morand P and Boyer V: Difference in cytokine production and cell cycle progression induced by Epstein-Barr virus Lmp1 deletion variants in Kmh2, a Hodgkin lymphoma cell line. Virol J. 11(94)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Tozetto-Mendoza TR, Ibrahim KY, Tateno AF, Oliveira CM, Sumita LM, Sanchez MC, Luna EJ, Pierrotti LC, Drexler JF, Braz-Silva PH, et al: Genotypic distribution of HHV-8 in AIDS individuals without and with Kaposi sarcoma: Is genotype B associated with better prognosis of AIDS-KS? Medicine (Baltimore). 95(e5291)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

de Martel C, Plummer M, Vignat J and Franceschi S: Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer. 141:664–670. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Powell NG, Hibbitts SJ, Boyde AM, Newcombe RG, Tristram AJ and Fiander AN: The risk of cervical cancer associated with specific types of human papillomavirus: A case-control study in a UK population. Int J Cancer. 128:1676–1682. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

D'Souza G, Kreimer AR, Viscidi R, Pawlita M, Fakhry C, Koch WM, Westra WH and Gillison ML: Case-control study of human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal cancer. N Engl J Med. 356:1944–1956. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Salit IE, Tinmouth J, Chong S, Raboud J, Diong C, Su D, Sano M, Lytwyn A, Chapman W and Mahony J: Screening for HIV-associated anal cancer: Correlation of HPV genotypes, p16, and E6 transcripts with anal pathology. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 18:1986–1992. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Benvegnù L, Gios M, Boccato S and Alberti A: Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis: A prospective study on the incidence and hierarchy of major complications. Gut. 53:744–749. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Bruno S, Crosignani A, Maisonneuve P, Rossi S, Silini E and Mondelli MU: Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b as a major risk factor associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: A seventeen-year prospective cohort study. Hepatology. 46:1350–1356. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Yu MW, Yeh SH, Chen PJ, Liaw YF, Lin CL, Liu CJ, Shih WL, Kao JH, Chen DS and Chen CJ: Hepatitis B virus genotype and DNA level and hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective study in men. J Natl Cancer Inst. 97:265–272. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Yeh SH, Tsai CY, Kao JH, Liu CJ, Kuo TJ, Lin MW, Huang WL, Lu SF, Jih J, Chen DS and Chen PJ: Quantification and genotyping of hepatitis B virus in a single reaction by real-time PCR and melting curve analysis. J Hepatol. 41:659–666. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Figueiredo C, Machado JC, Pharoah P, Seruca R, Sousa S, Carvalho R, Capelinha AF, Quint W, Caldas C, van Doorn LJ, et al: Helicobacter pylori and interleukin 1 genotyping: An opportunity to identify high-risk individuals for gastric carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 94:1680–1687. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Rad R, Prinz C, Neu B, Neuhofer M, Zeitner M, Voland P, Becker I, Schepp W and Gerhard M: Synergistic effect of Helicobacter pylori virulence factors and interleukin-1 polymorphisms for the development of severe histological changes in the gastric mucosa. J Infect Dis. 188:272–281. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Zehbe I, Mytilineos J, Wikström I, Henriksen R, Edler L and Tommasino M: Association between human papillomavirus 16 E6 variants and human leukocyte antigen class I polymorphism in cervical cancer of Swedish women. Hum Immunol. 64:538–542. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Mirabello L, Clarke MA, Nelson CW, Dean M, Wentzensen N, Yeager M, Cullen M and Boland JF: NCI HPV Workshop. Schiffman M and Burk RD: The intersection of HPV epidemiology, genomics and mechanistic studies of HPV-mediated carcinogenesis. Viruses. 10(E80)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Wu Y, Liu B, Lin W, Xu Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Chen S and Xu A: HPV-16 E6 variants and HLA class II polymorphism among Chinese women with cervical cancer. J Med Virol. 79:439–446. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Sridhar K, Singh A, Butzmann A, Jangam D and Ohgami RS: Molecular genetic testing methodologies in hematopoietic diseases: Current and future methods. Int J Lab Hematol. 41 (Suppl 1):S102–S116. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Hashinaga M, Suzuki R, Akada J, Matsumoto T, Kido Y, Okimoto T, Kodama M, Murakami K and Yamaoka Y: Differences in amino acid frequency in CagA and VacA sequences of Helicobacter pylori distinguish gastric cancer from gastric MALT lymphoma. Gut Pathog. 8(54)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Deurenberg RH, Bathoorn E, Chlebowicz MA, Couto N, Ferdous M, García-Cobos S, Kooistra-Smid AM, Raangs EC, Rosema S, Veloo AC, et al: Application of next generation sequencing in clinical microbiology and infection prevention. J Biotechnol. 243:16–24. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Jangam D, Butzmann A, Sridhar K, Deresinski S, Banaei N and Ohgami RS: Significance of bacterial and viral genotypes as a risk factor in driving cancer (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 13: 3-12, 2020.
APA
Jangam, D., Butzmann, A., Sridhar, K., Deresinski, S., Banaei, N., & Ohgami, R.S. (2020). Significance of bacterial and viral genotypes as a risk factor in driving cancer (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 13, 3-12. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2043
MLA
Jangam, D., Butzmann, A., Sridhar, K., Deresinski, S., Banaei, N., Ohgami, R. S."Significance of bacterial and viral genotypes as a risk factor in driving cancer (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 13.1 (2020): 3-12.
Chicago
Jangam, D., Butzmann, A., Sridhar, K., Deresinski, S., Banaei, N., Ohgami, R. S."Significance of bacterial and viral genotypes as a risk factor in driving cancer (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 13, no. 1 (2020): 3-12. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2043
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Jangam D, Butzmann A, Sridhar K, Deresinski S, Banaei N and Ohgami RS: Significance of bacterial and viral genotypes as a risk factor in driving cancer (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 13: 3-12, 2020.
APA
Jangam, D., Butzmann, A., Sridhar, K., Deresinski, S., Banaei, N., & Ohgami, R.S. (2020). Significance of bacterial and viral genotypes as a risk factor in driving cancer (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 13, 3-12. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2043
MLA
Jangam, D., Butzmann, A., Sridhar, K., Deresinski, S., Banaei, N., Ohgami, R. S."Significance of bacterial and viral genotypes as a risk factor in driving cancer (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 13.1 (2020): 3-12.
Chicago
Jangam, D., Butzmann, A., Sridhar, K., Deresinski, S., Banaei, N., Ohgami, R. S."Significance of bacterial and viral genotypes as a risk factor in driving cancer (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 13, no. 1 (2020): 3-12. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2043
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team