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Review

Update on the systemic management of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Geethu Babu
    • Cessal Thommachan Kainickal
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Center, Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, 695011 Kerala, India
  • Article Number: 35
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    Published online on: December 24, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2197
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Abstract

The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has increased over the last few decades, though it remains to be a rare disease. The prognosis of DTC is excellent; its treatment includes surgery (near‑/total thyroidectomy), which is usually followed by remnant thyroid bed ablation using radio‑iodine, as well as a risk‑stratified follow‑ups, including hormone replacement. Treatment of patients who are non‑responsive to radioactive iodine (RAI) remains a challenge. Targeted therapies for RAI refractory DTC act primarily through inhibition of cell proliferation, survival and angiogenesis. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have achieved prolonged responses and improved progression‑free survival, thereby representing a shift in the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer. There will be number of targeted treatment options for this patient population in the near future. Evidence regarding which drug should be used first and whether there is crossover drug resistance between these drugs is still lacking. Clinicians should be able to choose precisely which patients should be treated with novel targeted therapies after taking into account the following facts: i) TKIs have still not demonstrated a survival benefit. ii) The adverse effects of long‑lasting treatment with TKIs could worsen quality of life, which is mostly excellent in these patients before starting treatment with these agents.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Babu G and Kainickal CT: Update on the systemic management of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 14: 35, 2021.
APA
Babu, G., & Kainickal, C.T. (2021). Update on the systemic management of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 14, 35. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2197
MLA
Babu, G., Kainickal, C. T."Update on the systemic management of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 14.2 (2021): 35.
Chicago
Babu, G., Kainickal, C. T."Update on the systemic management of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 14, no. 2 (2021): 35. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2197
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Babu G and Kainickal CT: Update on the systemic management of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 14: 35, 2021.
APA
Babu, G., & Kainickal, C.T. (2021). Update on the systemic management of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 14, 35. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2197
MLA
Babu, G., Kainickal, C. T."Update on the systemic management of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 14.2 (2021): 35.
Chicago
Babu, G., Kainickal, C. T."Update on the systemic management of radioactive iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 14, no. 2 (2021): 35. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.2197
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