Nivolumab‑induced lichenoid granulomatous stomatitis in a patient with advanced melanoma: A case report

Gouveris,P.; Georgakopoulou,E.A.; Grigoraki,A.; Zouki,D.N.; Kardara,V.E.; Ioannou,S.; Tryfonopoulos,D.; Demiri,S.; Gkouveris,I.

doi:10.3892/mco.2022.2512

Nivolumab‑induced lichenoid granulomatous stomatitis in a patient with advanced melanoma: A case report

Authors:
- P. Gouveris
- E.A. Georgakopoulou
- A. Grigoraki
- D.N. Zouki
- V.E. Kardara
- S. Ioannou
- D. Tryfonopoulos
- S. Demiri
- I. Gkouveris
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Affiliations: Second Department of Medical Oncology, Agios Savvas Cancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece, Laboratory of Histology‑Embryology Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Published online on: February 8, 2022 https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2022.2512
Article Number: 79
Copyright: © Gouveris et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Lichenoid granulomatous reactions (LGR) are granulomatous inflammations of the skin and oral mucosa, also sharing features of lichenoid lesions. Thus, the present study refers to lichenoid granulomatous dermatitis (LGD) and lichenoid granulomatous stomatitis (LGS). LGR is a condition that can be triggered by drugs, diseases or environmental causes. In the present case study, anti‑PD1 (nivolumab) medication had a detrimental effect on the oral mucosa, which clinicaly and histologicaly proved to be LGS. Checkpoint inhibitors consitute a cornerstone in the current treatment of several types of cancer, of which cutaneous melanoma is the best example. Oral lichenoid responses following anti‑PD‑1 therapy have been recorded in few case reports and small case series. To the best of our knowledhe, this is the first case of LGS being reported as a side effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.

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