Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular and Clinical Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9450 Online ISSN: 2049-9469
Journal Cover
April-2022 Volume 16 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2022 Volume 16 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Cancer cachexia as a determinant of efficacy of first‑line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer

  • Authors:
    • Hironori Fujii
    • Ayumu Araki
    • Hirotoshi Iihara
    • Daizo Kaito
    • Chiemi Hirose
    • Motohiko Kinomura
    • Mizuki Yamazaki
    • Junki Endo
    • Toshiya Inui
    • Komei Yanase
    • Yuka Sasaki
    • Takenobu Gomyo
    • Chizuru Sakai
    • Daisuke Kawae
    • Yu Kitamura
    • Masachika Fukui
    • Ryo Kobayashi
    • Yasushi Ohno
    • Akio Suzuki
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501‑1194, Japan, Department of Cardiology and Respirology Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501‑1194, Japan
    Copyright: © Fujii et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 91
    |
    Published online on: February 24, 2022
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2022.2524
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Pembrolizumab, either as a type of monotherapy or in combination with cytotoxic anticancer agents, is effective in the treatment of advanced non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the development of cancer cachexia may adversely affect anticancer drug therapy. The present study investigated the effect of cancer cachexia on clinical outcomes in patients with advanced NSCLC who received first‑line pembrolizumab. The data of patients with advanced NSCLC receiving first‑line monotherapy or combination therapy with pembrolizumab were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was time to treatment failure (TTF), and the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and incidence of adverse events (AEs). Clinical outcome was compared between patients with and without cancer cachexia. A total of 53 patients were analyzed. Among all patients, median TTF and OS were significantly shorter in patients with cancer cachexia than in those without [TTF: 5.8 vs. 10 months; hazard ratio (HR): 2.13; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07‑4.24; P=0.016; OS: 12.1 months vs. not reached; HR: 5.85; 95% CI: 2.0‑17.1; P=0.001]. In addition, TTF in the pembrolizumab monotherapy group was significantly shorter in patients with cancer cachexia than in those without, but no significant difference was detected in patients receiving pembrolizumab combination therapy. The incidence of AEs did not significantly differ between patients with and without cancer cachexia, except with regard to hypothyroidism. In conclusion, although cancer cachexia is prognostic of a poor outcome in patients with advanced NSCLC who receive first‑line pembrolizumab, cancer cachexia might not affect therapeutic efficacy in combination therapy with pembrolizumab and cytotoxic anticancer agents.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A and Bray F: Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 71:209–249. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Mitsudomi T, Morita S, Yatabe Y, Negoro S, Okamoto I, Tsurutani J, Seto T, Satouchi M, Tada H, Hirashima T, et al: Gefitinib versus cisplatin plus docetaxel in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (WJTOG3405): An open label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 11:121–128. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Zhou C, Wu YL, Chen G, Feng J, Liu XQ, Wang C, Zhang S, Wang J, Zhou S, Ren S, et al: Erlotinib versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (OPTIMAL, CTONG-0802): A multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 12:735–742. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Sequist LV, Yang JC, Yamamoto N, O'Byrne K, Hirsh V, Mok T, Geater SL, Orlov S, Tsai CM, Boyer M, et al: Phase Ⅲ study of afatinib or cisplatin plus pemetrexed in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations. J Clin Oncol. 31:3327–3334. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Solomon BJ, Mok T, Kim DW, Wu YL, Nakagawa K, Mekhail T, Felip E, Cappuzzo F, Paolini J, Usari T, et al: First-line crizotinib versus chemotherapy in ALK-positive lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 371:2167–2177. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Shaw AT, Ou SH, Bang YJ, Camidge DR, Solomon BJ, Salgia R, Riely GJ, Varella-Garcia M, Shapiro GI, Costa DB, et al: Crizotinib in ROS1-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 371:1963–1971. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Planchard D, Smit EF, Groen HJM, Mazieres J, Besse B, Helland Å, Giannone V, D'Amelio AM Jr, Zhang P, Mookerjee B and Johnson BE: Dabrafenib plus trametinib in patients with previously treated BRAF (V600E)-mutant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: An open-label, multicentre phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 18:1307–1316. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Paik PK, Felip E, Veillon R, Sakai H, Cortot AB, Garassino MC, Mazieres J, Viteri S, Senellart H, Van Meerbeeck J, et al: Tepotinib in non-small-cell lung cancer with MET exon 14 skipping mutations. N Engl J Med. 383:931–943. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Wolf J, Seto T, Han JY, Reguart N, Garon EB, Groen HJM, Tan DSW, Hida T, de Jonge M, Orlov SV, et al: Capmatinib (INC280) in METΔex14-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Efficacy data from the phase Ⅱ GEOMETRY mono-1 study. J Clin Oncol. 37 (Suppl 15)(9004)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Reck M, Rodríguez-Abreu D, Robinson AG, Hui R, Csőszi T, Fülöp A, Gottfried M, Peled N, Tafreshi A, Cuffe S, et al: Pembrolizumab versus Chemotherapy for PD-L1-Positive non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 375:1823–1833. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Gandhi L, Rodríguez-Abreu D, Gadgeel S, Esteban E, Felip E, De Angelis F, Domine M, Clingan P, Hochmair MJ, Powell SF, et al: Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 378:2078–2092. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Paz-Ares L, Luft A, Vicente D, Tafreshi A, Gümüş M, Mazières J, Hermes B, Çay Şenler F, Csőszi T, Fülöp A, et al: Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for squamous non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 379:2040–2051. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN): Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®). Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Version 5.2021. NCCN, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 2021. https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/nscl.pdf.

14 

Nakamura Y: Biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated tumor response and adverse events. Front Med (Lausanne). 6(119)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Schildhaus HU: Predictive value of PD-L1 diagnostics. Pathologe. 39:498–519. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Lagos GG, Izar B and Rizvi NA: Beyond tumor PD-L1: Beyond tumor PD-L1: Emerging genomic biomarkers for checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 40:1–11. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Chindaprasirt J: Sarcopenia in cancer patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 16:8075–8077. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, Bosaeus I, Bruera E, Fainsinger RL, Jatoi A, Loprinzi C, MacDonald N, Mantovani G, et al: Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: An international consensus. Lancet Oncol. 12:489–495. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Roch B, Coffy A, Jean-Baptiste S, Palaysi E, Daures JP, Pujol JL and Bommart S: Cachexia-sarcopenia as a determinant of disease control rate and survival in non-small lung cancer patients receiving immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Lung Cancer. 143:19–26. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Nishioka N, Uchino J, Hirai S, Katayama Y, Yoshimura A, Okura N, Tanimura K, Harita S, Imabayashi T, Chihara Y, et al: Association of sarcopenia with and efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Med. 8(450)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, Schwartz LH, Sargent D, Ford R, Dancey J, Arbuck S, Gwyther S, Mooney M, et al: New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: Revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 45:228–247. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute: Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Version 4.0. https://www.eortc.be/services/doc/ctc/. Accessed September 1, 2018.

23 

Shiroyama T, Nagatomo I, Koyama S, Hirata H, Nishida S, Miyake K, Fukushima K, Shirai Y, Mitsui Y, Takata S, et al: Impact of sarcopenia in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with PD-1 inhibitors: A preliminary retrospective study. Sci Rep. 9(2447)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Peixoto da Silva S, Santos JMO, Costa E Silva MP, Gil da Costa RM and Medeiros R: Cancer cachexia and its pathophysiology: Links with sarcopenia, anorexia and asthenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 11:619–635. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Sanders KJ, Hendriks LE, Troost EG, Bootsma GP, Houben RM, Schols AM and Dingemans AM: Early weight loss during chemoradiotherapy has a detrimental impact on outcome in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol. 11:873–879. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Ross PJ, Ashley S, Norton A, Priest K, Waters JS, Eisen T, Smith IE and O'Brien ME: Do patients with weight loss have a worse outcome when undergoing chemotherapy for lung cancers? Br J Cancer. 90:1905–1911. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Petruzzelli M and Wagner EF: Mechanisms of metabolic dysfunction in cancer-associated cachexia. Genes Dev. 30:489–501. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Flint TR, Janowitz T, Connell CM, Roberts EW, Denton AE, Coll AP, Jodrell DI and Fearon DT: Tumor-Induced IL-6 reprograms host metabolism to suppress anti-tumor immunity. Cell Metab. 24:672–684. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Katakami N, Uchino J, Yokoyama T, Naito T, Kondo M, Yamada K, Kitajima H, Yoshimori K, Sato K, Saito H, et al: Anamorelin (ONO-7643) for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer and cachexia: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study of Japanese patients (ONO-7643-04). Cancer. 124:606–616. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Osorio JC, Ni A, Chaft JE, Pollina R, Kasler MK, Stephens D, Rodriguez C, Cambridge L, Rizvi H, Wolchok JD, et al: Antibody-mediated thyroid dysfunction during T-cell checkpoint blockade in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol. 28:583–589. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Fujii H, Araki A, Iihara H, Kaito D, Hirose C, Kinomura M, Yamazaki M, Endo J, Inui T, Yanase K, Yanase K, et al: Cancer cachexia as a determinant of efficacy of first‑line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 16: 91, 2022.
APA
Fujii, H., Araki, A., Iihara, H., Kaito, D., Hirose, C., Kinomura, M. ... Suzuki, A. (2022). Cancer cachexia as a determinant of efficacy of first‑line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 16, 91. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2022.2524
MLA
Fujii, H., Araki, A., Iihara, H., Kaito, D., Hirose, C., Kinomura, M., Yamazaki, M., Endo, J., Inui, T., Yanase, K., Sasaki, Y., Gomyo, T., Sakai, C., Kawae, D., Kitamura, Y., Fukui, M., Kobayashi, R., Ohno, Y., Suzuki, A."Cancer cachexia as a determinant of efficacy of first‑line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 16.4 (2022): 91.
Chicago
Fujii, H., Araki, A., Iihara, H., Kaito, D., Hirose, C., Kinomura, M., Yamazaki, M., Endo, J., Inui, T., Yanase, K., Sasaki, Y., Gomyo, T., Sakai, C., Kawae, D., Kitamura, Y., Fukui, M., Kobayashi, R., Ohno, Y., Suzuki, A."Cancer cachexia as a determinant of efficacy of first‑line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 16, no. 4 (2022): 91. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2022.2524
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Fujii H, Araki A, Iihara H, Kaito D, Hirose C, Kinomura M, Yamazaki M, Endo J, Inui T, Yanase K, Yanase K, et al: Cancer cachexia as a determinant of efficacy of first‑line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 16: 91, 2022.
APA
Fujii, H., Araki, A., Iihara, H., Kaito, D., Hirose, C., Kinomura, M. ... Suzuki, A. (2022). Cancer cachexia as a determinant of efficacy of first‑line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 16, 91. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2022.2524
MLA
Fujii, H., Araki, A., Iihara, H., Kaito, D., Hirose, C., Kinomura, M., Yamazaki, M., Endo, J., Inui, T., Yanase, K., Sasaki, Y., Gomyo, T., Sakai, C., Kawae, D., Kitamura, Y., Fukui, M., Kobayashi, R., Ohno, Y., Suzuki, A."Cancer cachexia as a determinant of efficacy of first‑line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 16.4 (2022): 91.
Chicago
Fujii, H., Araki, A., Iihara, H., Kaito, D., Hirose, C., Kinomura, M., Yamazaki, M., Endo, J., Inui, T., Yanase, K., Sasaki, Y., Gomyo, T., Sakai, C., Kawae, D., Kitamura, Y., Fukui, M., Kobayashi, R., Ohno, Y., Suzuki, A."Cancer cachexia as a determinant of efficacy of first‑line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 16, no. 4 (2022): 91. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2022.2524
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team