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Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study

  • Authors:
    • Rawa M. Ali
    • Dana N. Muhealdeen
    • Saman S. Fakhralddin
    • Rawa Bapir
    • Soran H. Tahir
    • Rezheen J. Rashid
    • Choman Sabah Omer
    • Hiwa O. Abdullah
    • Berun A. Abdalla
    • Shvan H. Mohammed
    • Fahmi H. Kakamad
    • Fakher Abdullah
    • Muhammad Karim
    • Hawbash M. Rahim
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Iraq, Department of Oncology, Hiwa Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Iraq, Kscien Organization for Scientific Research, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan 46001, Iraq, Kscien Organization for Scientific Research, 3082 JJ Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Kscien Organization for Scientific Research, Tampa, FL 33637, USA
    Copyright: © Ali et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 66
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    Published online on: July 14, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2662
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Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous and complex disease with numerous pathophysiologic variants. ~40% of patients succumb due to the progression of the disease, making RCC the most fatal of the common urologic malignancies. Prognostic factors are indicators of the progression of the disease, and the precise determination of these factors is important for evaluating and managing RCC. In the present study, it was aimed to determine and find associations among the histopathological features of RCCs and their impact on survival and metastasis. This is a cross‑sectional study of RCC cases who have undergone partial or radical nephrectomy from March 2008 to October 2021 and have been pathologically reviewed at Shorsh General Teaching Hospital in Sulaimani, Iraq. The data in the pathology studies were supplemented by follow‑up of the patients to obtain information about survival, recurrence and metastasis. In total, 228 cases of RCC were identified, among whom 60.5% were men and 39.5% were women, with a median age of 51 years. The main tumor types were clear cell RCC (71.1%), papillary RCC (13.6%), and chromophobe RCC (11%). Various measures of aggressiveness, including tumor necrosis, sarcomatoid change, microvascular invasion, and parameters of invasiveness (invasion of the renal sinus and other structures), were significantly correlated with each other, and they were also associated with reduced overall survival and an increased risk of metastasis on univariate analysis. However, on multivariate analysis, only tumor size and grade, and microvascular invasion retained statistical significance and were associated with a lower survival rate. In conclusion, pathological parameters have an impact on prognosis in RCC. The most consistent prognostic factors can be tumor size and grade, and microvascular invasion.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Ali RM, Muhealdeen DN, Fakhralddin SS, Bapir R, Tahir SH, Rashid RJ, Omer CS, Abdullah HO, Abdalla BA, Mohammed SH, Mohammed SH, et al: Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study. Mol Clin Oncol 19: 66, 2023.
APA
Ali, R.M., Muhealdeen, D.N., Fakhralddin, S.S., Bapir, R., Tahir, S.H., Rashid, R.J. ... Rahim, H.M. (2023). Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 19, 66. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2662
MLA
Ali, R. M., Muhealdeen, D. N., Fakhralddin, S. S., Bapir, R., Tahir, S. H., Rashid, R. J., Omer, C. S., Abdullah, H. O., Abdalla, B. A., Mohammed, S. H., Kakamad, F. H., Abdullah, F., Karim, M., Rahim, H. M."Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 19.3 (2023): 66.
Chicago
Ali, R. M., Muhealdeen, D. N., Fakhralddin, S. S., Bapir, R., Tahir, S. H., Rashid, R. J., Omer, C. S., Abdullah, H. O., Abdalla, B. A., Mohammed, S. H., Kakamad, F. H., Abdullah, F., Karim, M., Rahim, H. M."Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 19, no. 3 (2023): 66. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2662
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Ali RM, Muhealdeen DN, Fakhralddin SS, Bapir R, Tahir SH, Rashid RJ, Omer CS, Abdullah HO, Abdalla BA, Mohammed SH, Mohammed SH, et al: Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study. Mol Clin Oncol 19: 66, 2023.
APA
Ali, R.M., Muhealdeen, D.N., Fakhralddin, S.S., Bapir, R., Tahir, S.H., Rashid, R.J. ... Rahim, H.M. (2023). Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 19, 66. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2662
MLA
Ali, R. M., Muhealdeen, D. N., Fakhralddin, S. S., Bapir, R., Tahir, S. H., Rashid, R. J., Omer, C. S., Abdullah, H. O., Abdalla, B. A., Mohammed, S. H., Kakamad, F. H., Abdullah, F., Karim, M., Rahim, H. M."Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 19.3 (2023): 66.
Chicago
Ali, R. M., Muhealdeen, D. N., Fakhralddin, S. S., Bapir, R., Tahir, S. H., Rashid, R. J., Omer, C. S., Abdullah, H. O., Abdalla, B. A., Mohammed, S. H., Kakamad, F. H., Abdullah, F., Karim, M., Rahim, H. M."Prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma: A single‑center study". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 19, no. 3 (2023): 66. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2662
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