Open Access

Anaplastic thyroid cancer: Pathogenesis, prognostic factors and genetic landscape (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Abdul-Mohsen G. Alhejaily
    • Omar Alhuzim
    • Yazeed Alwelaie
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 2, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2695
  • Article Number: 99
  • Copyright: © Alhejaily et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare and aggressive form of thyroid malignancy, presenting significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment. The rarity of this cancer and its aggressive nature make an accurate diagnosis difficult, requiring a multidisciplinary approach and various imaging techniques. Treatment involves a personalized multimodal approach, including surgery, adjuvant therapies and risk stratification. Prognostic factors such as age, tumor characteristics and genetic alterations play a crucial role in determining patient outcomes. Despite advancements, gaps remain in understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease and establishing standardized treatment guidelines. Further research, collaborative efforts and multicenter studies are necessary to improve diagnostic accuracy, develop targeted therapies and biomarkers, and enhance the long‑term management. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of ATC, discussing its clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, treatment options, prognostic factors and genetic landscape.
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December-2023
Volume 19 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 2049-9450
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Spandidos Publications style
Alhejaily AG, Alhuzim O and Alwelaie Y: Anaplastic thyroid cancer: Pathogenesis, prognostic factors and genetic landscape (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 19: 99, 2023
APA
Alhejaily, A.G., Alhuzim, O., & Alwelaie, Y. (2023). Anaplastic thyroid cancer: Pathogenesis, prognostic factors and genetic landscape (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 19, 99. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2695
MLA
Alhejaily, A. G., Alhuzim, O., Alwelaie, Y."Anaplastic thyroid cancer: Pathogenesis, prognostic factors and genetic landscape (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 19.6 (2023): 99.
Chicago
Alhejaily, A. G., Alhuzim, O., Alwelaie, Y."Anaplastic thyroid cancer: Pathogenesis, prognostic factors and genetic landscape (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 19, no. 6 (2023): 99. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2695