Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular and Clinical Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9450 Online ISSN: 2049-9469
Journal Cover
April-2024 Volume 20 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2024 Volume 20 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review Open Access

Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter lung cancer in the era of precision medicine (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Xiao Wang
    • Jingwei Shi
    • Zhengcheng Liu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 28
    |
    Published online on: February 9, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2024.2726
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Lung cancer is the malignancy with the highest global mortality rate and imposes a substantial burden on society. The increasing popularity of lung cancer screening has led to increasing number of patients being diagnosed with pulmonary nodules due to their potential for malignancy, causing considerable distress in the affected population. However, the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter grade pulmonary nodules remain controversial. The evolution of genetic detection technology and the development of targeted drugs have positioned the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in the precision medicine era, leading to a marked improvement in the survival rate of patients with lung cancer. It has been established that lung cancer driver genes serve a key role in the development and progression of sub‑centimeter lung cancer. The present review aimed to consolidate the findings on genes associated with sub‑centimeter lung cancer, with the intent of serving as a reference for future studies and the personalized management of sub‑centimeter lung cancer through genetic testing.
View Figures
View References

1 

Ferlay J, Colombet M, Soerjomataram I, Parkin DM, Piñeros M, Znaor A and Bray F: Cancer statistics for the year 2020: An overview. Int J Cancer: Apr 5, 2021 (Epub ahead of print).

2 

Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A and Bray F: Global CANCER Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 71:209–249. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Deo SVS, Sharma J and Kumar S: GLOBOCAN 2020 report on global cancer burden: Challenges and opportunities for surgical oncologists. Ann Surg Oncol. 29:6497–6500. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Cao W, Chen HD, Yu YW, Li N and Chen WQ: Changing profiles of cancer burden worldwide and in China: A secondary analysis of the global cancer statistics 2020. Chin Med J (Engl). 134:783–791. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Wang M, Herbst RS and Boshoff C: Toward personalized treatment approaches for non-small-cell lung cancer. Nat Med. 27:1345–1356. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Mattiuzzi C and Lippi G: Cancer statistics: A comparison between World Health Organization (WHO) and global burden of disease (GBD). Eur J Public Health. 30:1026–1027. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Xi KX, Zhang XW, Yu XY, Wang WD, Xi KX, Chen YQ, Wen YS and Zhang LJ: The role of plasma miRNAs in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules. J Thorac Dis. 10:4032–4041. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Nooreldeen R and Bach H: Current and future development in lung cancer diagnosis. Int J Mol Sci. 22(8661)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Wen M, Wang L, Wang X, Yang S, Sun Y, Xia J, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Huang L and Jiang T: Optimal adjuvant therapy in resected stage IIIA-N2 non-small-cell lung cancer harboring EGFR mutations. Oncol Res Treat. 43:686–693. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Zhong WZ, Wang Q, Mao WM, Xu ST, Wu L, Wei YC, Liu YY, Chen C, Cheng Y, Yin R, et al: Gefitinib versus vinorelbine plus cisplatin as adjuvant treatment for stage II-IIIA (N1-N2) EGFR-mutant NSCLC: final overall survival analysis of CTONG1104 phase III trial. J Clin Oncol. 39:713–722. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Colletti PM: Earlier diagnosis of subcentimeter lung cancers is not self-evidently beneficial: Personal experience. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 213:819–820. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Shin KE, Lee KS, Yi CA, Chung MJ, Shin MH and Choi YH: Subcentimeter lung nodules stable for 2 years at LDCT: Long-term follow-up using volumetry. Respirology. 19:921–928. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Heuvelmans MA, Groen HJ and Oudkerk M: Early lung cancer detection by low-dose CT screening: Therapeutic implications. Expert Rev Respir Med. 11:89–100. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Reich JM and Kim JS: Earlier diagnosis not self-evidently beneficial: Natural history of subcentimeter lung cancers. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 213:817–818. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Parikh AR: Lung cancer genomics. Acta Med Acad. 48:78–83. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Imyanitov EN, Iyevleva AG and Levchenko EV: Molecular testing and targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: Current status and perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 157(103194)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Rammal S, Kourie HR, Jalkh N, Mehawej C, Chouery E, Moujaess E and Dabar G: Molecular pathogenesis of hereditary lung cancer: A literature review. Pharmacogenomics. 22:791–803. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Hu B, Ren W, Feng Z, Li M, Li X, Han R and Peng Z: Correlation between CT imaging characteristics and pathological diagnosis for subcentimeter pulmonary nodules. Thorac Cancer. 13:1067–1075. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Ruiz-Cordero R and Devine WP: Targeted therapy and checkpoint immunotherapy in lung cancer. Surg Pathol Clin. 13:17–33. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Miller M and Hanna N: Advances in systemic therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. BMJ. 375(n2363)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Schuler M, Bölükbas S, Darwiche K, Theegarten D, Herrmann K and Stuschke M: Personalized treatment for patients with lung cancer. Dtsch Arztebl Int: arztebl.m2023.012, 2023 (Epub ahead of print).

22 

Wu F, Wang L and Zhou C: Lung cancer in China: Current and prospect. Curr Opin Oncol. 33:40–46. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Sherry V: Lung cancer: Prevention and early identification are key. Nurse Pract. 47:42–47. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Mazzone PJ and Lam L: Evaluating the patient with a pulmonary nodule: A review. JAMA. 327:264–273. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Hansell DM, Bankier AA, Macmahon H, McLoud TC, Müller NL and Remy J: Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Radiology. 246:697–722. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Li H, Sun Z, Li Y, Qi Q, Huang H, Wang X, Zhou J, Liu K, Yin P, Wang Z, et al: Disparate genomic characteristics of patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as radiological subsolid or solid lesions. Lung Cancer. 166:178–188. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Lv Y and Ye B: Advances in diagnosis and management of subcentimeter pulmonary nodules. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 23:365–370. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In Chinese).

28 

Callister ME, Baldwin DR, Akram AR, Barnard S, Cane P, Draffan J, Franks K, Gleeson F, Graham R, Malhotra P, et al: British Thoracic Society guidelines for the investigation and management of pulmonary nodules. Thorax. 70 (Suppl 2):ii1–ii54. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Armstrong C: Lung cancer screening recommendations from the ACCP. Am Fam Physician. 98:688–689. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

30 

Ettinger DS, Wood DE, Aisner DL, Akerley W, Bauman JR, Bharat A, Bruno DS, Chang JY, Chirieac LR, D'Amico TA, et al: Non-small cell lung cancer, version 3.2022, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 20:497–530. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Association; Chinese Medical Association Publishing House. Chinese medical association guideline for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer (2022 edition). Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 44:457–490. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In Chinese).

32 

Suzuki K, Watanabe SI, Wakabayashi M, Saji H, Aokage K, Moriya Y, Yoshino I, Tsuboi M, Nakamura S, Nakamura K, et al: A single-arm study of sublobar resection for ground-glass opacity dominant peripheral lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 163:289–301.e2. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Borghesi A, Michelini S, Nocivelli G, Silva M, Scrimieri A, Pezzotti S, Maroldi R and Farina D: Solid indeterminate pulmonary nodules less than or equal to 250 mm3: Application of the updated fleischner society guidelines in clinical practice. Radiol Res Pract. 2019(7218258)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Borghesi A, Michelini S, Scrimieri A, Golemi S and Maroldi R: Solid indeterminate pulmonary nodules of less than 300 mm3: Application of different volume doubling time cut-offs in clinical practice. Diagnostics (Basel). 9(62)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Zhan Y, Peng X, Shan F, Feng M, Shi Y, Liu L and Zhang Z: Attenuation and morphologic characteristics distinguishing a ground-glass nodule measuring 5-10 mm in diameter as invasive lung adenocarcinoma on thin-slice CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 213:W162–W170. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Hui H, Yin HT, Wang T and Chen G: Computed tomography-guided core needle biopsy for sub-centimeter pulmonary nodules. Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol. 19:65–69. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Chen W, Li M, Mao D, Ge X, Wang J, Tan M, Ma W, Huang X, Lu J, Li C, et al: Radiomics signature on CECT as a predictive factor for invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as subcentimeter ground glass nodules. Sci Rep. 11(3633)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Kutob L and Schneider F: Lung cancer staging. Surg Pathol Clin. 13:57–71. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Pasic A, Postmus PE and Sutedja TG: What is early lung cancer? A review of the literature. Lung Cancer. 45:267–77. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Mi J, Wang S, Li X and Jiang G: Clinical characteristics and prognosis of sub-centimeter lung adenocarcinoma. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 22:500–506. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In Chinese).

41 

Shen C, Wu Q, Xia Q, Cao C, Wang F, Li Z and Fan L: Establishment of a malignancy and benignancy prediction model of sub-centimeter pulmonary ground-glass nodules based on the inflammation-cancer transformation theory. Front Med (Lausanne). 9(1007589)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Ginsberg RJ and Rubinstein LV: Randomized trial of lobectomy versus limited resection for T1 N0 non-small cell lung cancer. Lung cancer study group. Ann Thorac Surg. 60:615–623. 1995.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Jiang W, Pang X, Xi J, Chen X, Wang Q, Qian C and Fan H: Clinical outcome of subcentimeter non-small cell lung cancer after surgical resection: Single institution experience of 105 patients. J Surg Oncol. 110:233–238. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Bai W, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhou M, Liu L, Wang G, Zhao K, Gao X and Li S: Comparative analysis of the long-term outcomes of segmentectomy and lobectomy for stage IA1 lung adenocarcinoma in patients with or without previous malignancy of other organs: A population-based study. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 22:215–228. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Saji H, Okada M, Tsuboi M, Nakajima R, Suzuki K, Aokage K, Aoki T, Okami J, Yoshino I, Ito H, et al: Segmentectomy versus lobectomy in small-sized peripheral non-small-cell lung cancer (JCOG0802/WJOG4607L): A multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 399:1607–1617. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Altorki N, Wang X, Kozono D, Watt C, Landrenau R, Wigle D, Port J, Jones DR, Conti M, Ashrafi AS, et al: Lobar or sublobar resection for peripheral stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 388:489–498. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Miyajima M, Maki R, Arai W, Tsuruta K, Shindo Y, Nakamura Y and Watanabe A: Robot-assisted vs video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in lung cancer. J Thorac Dis. 14:1890–1899. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

48 

Qi F, Xiang M, Deng Y, Huang W and Sun Y: Application of Da Vinci Robot and thoracoscopy in radical lung cancer surgery. J Healthc Eng. 2022(2011062)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Shimomura M, Ishihara S and Inoue M: Robot-assisted segmentectomy for lung cancer. Kyobu Geka. 76:79–83. 2023.PubMed/NCBI(In Japanese).

50 

Zhang YL, Yuan JQ, Wang KF, Fu XH, Han XR, Threapleton D, Yang ZY, Mao C and Tang JL: The prevalence of EGFR mutation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 7:78985–78993. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Harrison PT, Vyse S and Huang PH: Rare epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Semin Cancer Biol. 61:167–179. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

52 

Rosell R, Cardona AF, Arrieta O, Aguilar A, Ito M, Pedraz C, Codony-Servat J and Santarpia M: Coregulation of pathways in lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation: Therapeutic opportunities. Br J Cancer. 125:1602–1611. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

53 

Chen YJ, Roumeliotis TI, Chang YH, Chen CT, Han CL, Lin MH, Chen HW, Chang GC, Chang YL, Wu CT, et al: Proteogenomics of non-smoking lung cancer in east asia delineates molecular signatures of pathogenesis and progression. Cell. 182:226–244.e17. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

54 

Chang YS, Tu SJ, Chen YC, Liu TY, Lee YT, Yen JC, Fang HY and Chang JG: Mutation profile of non-small cell lung cancer revealed by next generation sequencing. Respir Res. 22(3)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

55 

Tsubata Y, Tanino R and Isobe T: Current therapeutic strategies and prospects for EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer based on the mechanisms underlying drug resistance. Cells. 10(3192)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

56 

Yang JC, Sequist LV, Geater SL, Tsai CM, Mok TS, Schuler M, Yamamoto N, Yu CJ, Ou SH, Zhou C, et al: Clinical activity of afatinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring uncommon EGFR mutations: A combined post-hoc analysis of LUX-lung 2, LUX-lung 3, and LUX-lung 6. Lancet Oncol. 16:830–838. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

57 

Noronha V, Patil VM, Joshi A, Menon N, Chougule A, Mahajan A, Janu A, Purandare N, Kumar R, More S, et al: Gefitinib versus gefitinib plus pemetrexed and carboplatin chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 38:124–136. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

58 

Gerber DE, Mayer M, Gagan J and von Itzstein MS: Systemic and intracranial efficacy of osimertinib in EGFR L747P-mutant NSCLC: Case report. JTO Clin Res Rep. 3(100291)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

59 

Miyauchi E, Morita S, Nakamura A, Hosomi Y, Watanabe K, Ikeda S, Seike M, Fujita Y, Minato K, Ko R, et al: Updated analysis of NEJ009: Gefitinib-alone versus gefitinib plus chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer with mutated EGFR. J Clin Oncol. 40:3587–3592. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

60 

Shirley M and Keam SJ: Aumolertinib: A review in non-small cell lung cancer. Drugs. 82:577–584. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

61 

Wang J and Wu L: An evaluation of aumolertinib for the treatment of EGFR T790M mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 23:647–652. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

62 

Wu YL, Tsuboi M, He J, John T, Grohe C, Majem M, Goldman JW, Laktionov K, Kim SW, Kato T, et al: Osimertinib in resected EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 383:1711–1723. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

63 

Wen S, Dai L, Wang L, Wang W, Wu D, Wang K, He Z, Wang A, Chen H, Zhang P, et al: Genomic signature of driver genes identified by target next-generation sequencing in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer. Oncologist. 24:e1070–e1081. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

64 

Bernabé-Caro R, Garrido P, García-Campelo R, Palmero R, Artal Á, Bayona C, Rodríguez-Abreu D, López-Brea M, Paredes A, Vicente D, et al: Alectinib after failure to crizotinib in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer: Results from the Spanish early access program. Oncotarget. 13:812–827. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

65 

Hotta K, Hida T, Nokihara H, Morise M, Kim YH, Azuma K, Seto T, Takiguchi Y, Nishio M, Yoshioka H, et al: Final overall survival analysis from the phase III J-ALEX study of alectinib versus crizotinib in ALK inhibitor-naïve Japanese patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer. ESMO Open. 7(100527)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

66 

Horn L, Wang Z, Wu G, Poddubskaya E, Mok T, Reck M, Wakelee H, Chiappori AA, Lee DH, Breder V, et al: Ensartinib vs crizotinib for patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small cell lung cancer: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol. 7:1617–1625. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

67 

Negrao MV, Skoulidis F, Montesion M, Schulze K, Bara I, Shen V, Xu H, Hu S, Sui D, Elamin YY, et al: Oncogene-specific differences in tumor mutational burden, PD-L1 expression, and outcomes from immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. J Immunother Cancer. 9(e002891)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

68 

Riudavets M, Cascetta P and Planchard D: Targeting BRAF-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: Current status and future directions. Lung Cancer. 169:102–114. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

69 

Tan AC and Tan DSW: Targeted therapies for lung cancer patients with oncogenic driver molecular alterations. J Clin Oncol. 40:611–625. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

70 

Kelly RJ: Dabrafenib and trametinib for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 18:1063–1068. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

71 

Zhuang X, Zhao C, Li J, Su C, Chen X, Ren S, Li X and Zhou C: Clinical features and therapeutic options in non-small cell lung cancer patients with concomitant mutations of EGFR, ALK, ROS1, KRAS or BRAF. Cancer Med. 8:2858–2866. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

72 

Parekh PR, Botting GM, Thurber DB, Boruszczak M, Murphy W and Bertenshaw GP: Predictive biomarkers for response to trametinib in non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol. 44:249–267. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

73 

Planchard D, Besse B, Groen HJM, Hashemi SMS, Mazieres J, Kim TM, Quoix E, Souquet PJ, Barlesi F, Baik C, et al: Phase 2 study of dabrafenib plus trametinib in patients with BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC: Updated 5-year survival rates and genomic analysis. J Thorac Oncol. 17:103–115. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

74 

Yang SR, Schultheis AM, Yu H, Mandelker D, Ladanyi M and Büttner R: Precision medicine in non-small cell lung cancer: Current applications and future directions. Semin Cancer Biol. 84:184–198. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

75 

Zhu X, Lu Y and Lu S: Landscape of savolitinib development for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with MET alteration-A narrative review. Cancers (Basel). 14(6122)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

76 

Lu S, Fang J, Li X, Cao L, Zhou J, Guo Q, Liang Z, Cheng Y, Jiang L, Yang N, et al: Once-daily savolitinib in Chinese patients with pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas and other non-small-cell lung cancers harbouring MET exon 14 skipping alterations: A multicentre, single-arm, open-label, phase 2 study. Lancet Respir Med. 9:1154–1164. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

77 

Shaw AT, Riely GJ, Bang YJ, Kim DW, Camidge DR, Solomon BJ, Varella-Garcia M, Iafrate AJ, Shapiro GI, Usari T, et al: Crizotinib in ROS1-rearranged advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Updated results, including overall survival, from PROFILE 1001. Ann Oncol. 30:1121–1126. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

78 

Salgia R, Pharaon R, Mambetsariev I, Nam A and Sattler M: The improbable targeted therapy: KRAS as an emerging target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Cell Rep Med. 2(100186)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

79 

Luo J, Ostrem J, Pellini B, Imbody D, Stern Y, Solanki HS, Haura EB and Villaruz LC: Overcoming KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 42:1–11. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

80 

Tsubokawa N, Tsutani Y, Miyata Y, Handa Y, Misumi K, Hanaki H, Hida E and Okada M: Segmentectomy versus lobectomy for radiologically pure solid clinical T1a-bN0M0 lung cancer. World J Surg. 42:2493–2501. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

81 

Skoulidis F and Heymach JV: Co-occurring genomic alterations in non-small-cell lung cancer biology and therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 19:495–509. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

82 

Drusbosky LM, Rodriguez E, Dawar R and Ikpeazu CV: Therapeutic strategies in RET gene rearranged non-small cell lung cancer. J Hematol Oncol. 14(50)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

83 

Gainor JF, Curigliano G, Kim DW, Lee DH, Besse B, Baik CS, Doebele RC, Cassier PA, Lopes G, Tan DSW, et al: Pralsetinib for RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (ARROW): A multi-cohort, open-label, phase 1/2 study. Lancet Oncol. 22:959–969. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

84 

Jiao XD, Qin BD, You P, Cai J and Zang YS: The prognostic value of TP53 and its correlation with EGFR mutation in advanced non-small cell lung cancer, an analysis based on cBioPortal data base. Lung Cancer. 123:70–55. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

85 

La Fleur L, Falk-Sörqvist E, Smeds P, Berglund A, Sundström M, Mattsson JS, Brandén E, Koyi H, Isaksson J, Brunnström H, et al: Mutation patterns in a population-based non-small cell lung cancer cohort and prognostic impact of concomitant mutations in KRAS and TP53 or STK11. Lung Cancer. 130:50–58. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

86 

Xu F, Lin H, He P, He L, Chen J, Lin L and Chen Y: A TP53-associated gene signature for prediction of prognosis and therapeutic responses in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Oncoimmunology. 9(1731943)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

87 

Abbosh C, Venkatesan S, Janes SM, Fitzgerald RC and Swanton C: Evolutionary dynamics in pre-invasive neoplasia. Curr Opin Syst Biol. 2:1–8. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

88 

Sivakumar S, San Lucas FA, Jakubek YA, McDowell TL, Lang W, Kallsen N, Peyton S, Davies GE, Fukuoka J, Yatabe Y, et al: Genomic landscape of allelic imbalance in premalignant atypical adenomatous hyperplasias of the lung. EBioMedicine. 42:296–303. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

89 

Chen H, Carrot-Zhang J, Zhao Y, Hu H, Freeman SS, Yu S, Ha G, Taylor AM, Berger AC, Westlake L, et al: Genomic and immune profiling of pre-invasive lung adenocarcinoma. Nat Commun. 10(5472)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

90 

Hu X, Fujimoto J, Ying L, Fukuoka J, Ashizawa K, Sun W, Reuben A, Chow CW, McGranahan N, Chen R, et al: Multi-region exome sequencing reveals genomic evolution from preneoplasia to lung adenocarcinoma. Nat Commun. 10(2978)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

91 

Zhang C, Zhang J, Xu FP, Wang YG, Xie Z, Su J, Dong S, Nie Q, Shao Y, Zhou Q, et al: Genomic landscape and immune microenvironment features of preinvasive and early invasive lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol. 14:1912–1923. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

92 

Yu F, Peng M, Bai J, Zhu X, Zhang B, Tang J, Liu W, Chen C, Wang X, Chen M, et al: Comprehensive characterization of genomic and radiologic features reveals distinct driver patterns of RTK/RAS pathway in ground-glass opacity pulmonary nodules. Int J Cancer. 151:2020–2030. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

93 

Li Y, Li X, Li H, Zhao Y, Liu Z, Sun K, Zhu X, Qi Q, An B, Shen D, et al: Genomic characterisation of pulmonary subsolid nodules: Mutational landscape and radiological features. Eur Respir J. 55(1901409)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

94 

Chen K, Bai J, Reuben A, Zhao H, Kang G, Zhang C, Qi Q, Xu Y, Hubert S, Chang L, et al: Multiomics analysis reveals distinct immunogenomic features of lung cancer with ground-glass opacity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 204:1180–1192. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

95 

Saito M, Suzuki H, Kono K, Takenoshita S and Kohno T: Treatment of lung adenocarcinoma by molecular-targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Surg Today. 48:1–8. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

96 

Schoenfeld AJ, Bandlamudi C, Lavery JA, Montecalvo J, Namakydoust A, Rizvi H, Egger J, Concepcion CP, Paul S, Arcila ME, et al: The genomic landscape of SMARCA4 alterations and associations with outcomes in patients with lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 26:5701–5708. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

97 

Yu Y and Tian X: Analysis of genes associated with prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma based on GEO and TCGA databases. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(e20183)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

98 

Li S, Choi YL, Gong Z, Liu X, Lira M, Kan Z, Oh E, Wang J, Ting JC, Ye X, et al: Comprehensive characterization of oncogenic drivers in asian lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol. 11:2129–2140. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

99 

Shi H, Seegobin K, Heng F, Zhou K, Chen R, Qin H, Manochakian R, Zhao Y and Lou Y: Genomic landscape of lung adenocarcinomas in different races. Front Oncol. 12(946625)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

100 

Wu SG, Liu YN, Yu CJ, Yang JC and Shih JY: Driver mutations of young lung adenocarcinoma patients with malignant pleural effusion. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 57:513–521. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

101 

Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Comprehensive molecular profiling of lung adenocarcinoma. Nature. 511:543–550. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

102 

Izumchenko E, Chang X, Brait M, Fertig E, Kagohara LT, Bedi A, Marchionni L, Agrawal N, Ravi R, Jones S, et al: Targeted sequencing reveals clonal genetic changes in the progression of early lung neoplasms and paired circulating DNA. Nat Commun. 6(8258)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

103 

Sivakumar S, Lucas FAS, Mcdowell TL, Lang W, Xu L, Fujimoto J, Zhang J, Futreal PA, Fukuoka J, Yatabe Y, et al: Genomic landscape of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia reveals divergent modes to lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res. 77:6119–6130. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

104 

Dejima H, Hu X, Chen R, Zhang J, Fujimoto J, Parra ER, Haymaker C, Hubert SM, Duose D, Solis LM, et al: Immune evolution from preneoplasia to invasive lung adenocarcinomas and underlying molecular features. Nat Commun. 12(2722)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

105 

Tanaka K, Hida T, Oya Y, Yoshida T, Shimizu J, Mizuno T, Kuroda H, Sakakura N, Yoshimura K, Horio Y, et al: Unique prevalence of oncogenic genetic alterations in young patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer. 123:1731–1740. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

106 

Han X, Ren P and Ma S: Bioinformatics analysis reveals three key genes and four survival genes associated with youth-onset NSCLC. Open Med (Wars). 17:1123–1133. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

107 

Campbell JD, Alexandrov A, Kim J, Wala J, Berger AH, Pedamallu CS, Shukla SA, Guo G, Brooks AN, Murray BA, et al: Distinct patterns of somatic genome alterations in lung adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Nat Genet. 48:607–616. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

108 

Van Dijk EL, Jaszczyszyn Y, Naquin D and Thermes C: The third revolution in sequencing technology. Trends Genet. 34:666–681. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

109 

Hieggelke L and Schultheis AM: Application of FISH in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Pathologe. 41:582–588. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In German).

110 

Su C, Liu WX, Wu LS, Dong TJ and Liu JF: Screening of hub gene targets for lung cancer via microarray data. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 24:269–285. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

111 

Morganti S, Tarantino P, Ferraro E, D'Amico P, Viale G, Trapani D, Duso BA and Curigliano G: Complexity of genome sequencing and reporting: Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and implementation of precision medicine in real life. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 133:171–182. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

112 

Xu X, Li N, Zhao R, Zhu L, Shao J and Zhang J: Targeted next-generation sequencing for analyzing the genetic alterations in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma in situ. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 143:2447–243. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

113 

De Scordilli M, Michelotti A, Bertoli E, De Carlo E, Del Conte A and Bearz A: Targeted therapy and immunotherapy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer: Current evidence and ongoing trials. Int J Mol Sci. 23(7222)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

114 

Sepesi B, Zhou N, William WN Jr, Lin HY, Leung CH, Weissferdt A, Mitchell KG, Pataer A, Walsh GL, Rice DC, et al: Surgical outcomes after neoadjuvant nivolumab or nivolumab with ipilimumab in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 164:1327–1337. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

115 

Nagano T, Tachihara M and Nishimura Y: Molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies including immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 19:595–630. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

116 

Tsutani Y, Ito M, Shimada Y, Ito H, Ikeda N, Nakayama H and Okada M: The impact of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status on adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with high-risk stage I lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 164:1306–13015.e4. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

117 

Mazzone PJ, Gould MK, Arenberg DA, Chen AC, Choi HK, Detterbeck FC, Farjah F, Fong KM, Iaccarino JM, Janes SM, et al: Management of lung nodules and lung cancer screening during the COVID-19 pandemic: CHEST expert panel report. Chest. 158:406–615. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

118 

Yi QQ, Yang R, Shi JF, Zeng NY, Liang DY, Sha S and Chang Q: Effect of preservation time of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues on extractable DNA and RNA quantity. J Int Med Res. 48(300060520931259)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

119 

Kim YH, Nishimura Y and Funada Y: How should we manage non-small-cell lung cancer ‘not-otherwise-specified’? Med Oncol. 38(82)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

120 

Liu X, Liu X, Li J and Ren F: Identification and integrated analysis of key biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer. Med Sci Monit. 25:9280–9289. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

121 

Shi Y, Zhu S, Yang J, Shao M, Ding W, Jiang W, Sun X and Yao N: Investigation of potential mechanisms associated with non-small cell lung cancer. J Comput Biol. 27:1433–1442. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

122 

Wang L, Qu J, Liang Y, Zhao D, Rehman FU, Qin K and Zhang X: Identification and validation of key genes with prognostic value in non-small-cell lung cancer via integrated bioinformatics analysis. Thorac Cancer. 11:851–866. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang X, Shi J and Liu Z: Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter lung cancer in the era of precision medicine (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 20: 28, 2024.
APA
Wang, X., Shi, J., & Liu, Z. (2024). Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter lung cancer in the era of precision medicine (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 20, 28. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2024.2726
MLA
Wang, X., Shi, J., Liu, Z."Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter lung cancer in the era of precision medicine (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 20.4 (2024): 28.
Chicago
Wang, X., Shi, J., Liu, Z."Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter lung cancer in the era of precision medicine (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 20, no. 4 (2024): 28. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2024.2726
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang X, Shi J and Liu Z: Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter lung cancer in the era of precision medicine (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 20: 28, 2024.
APA
Wang, X., Shi, J., & Liu, Z. (2024). Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter lung cancer in the era of precision medicine (Review). Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 20, 28. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2024.2726
MLA
Wang, X., Shi, J., Liu, Z."Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter lung cancer in the era of precision medicine (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 20.4 (2024): 28.
Chicago
Wang, X., Shi, J., Liu, Z."Advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of sub‑centimeter lung cancer in the era of precision medicine (Review)". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 20, no. 4 (2024): 28. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2024.2726
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team