Open Access

Risk factors as criteria for drain use in gastrectomy: A prospective study

  • Authors:
    • Malvina Eleftheriou
    • Michael Doulberis
    • Abraham Pouliakis
    • Dimitrios Ampazis
    • Dimitrios Kareklas
    • Konstantinos Toutouzas
    • Georgios Zografos
    • Dimitrios Theodorou
    • Tania Triantafyllou
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 26, 2025     https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2870
  • Article Number: 75
  • Copyright: © Eleftheriou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )


Abstract

Total gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection remains the standard treatment option for resectable esophagogastric junctional and gastric cancer; however, high rates of morbidity lead to challenges in perioperative care. The Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) guidelines advise against the use of routine drains; yet, conflicting evidence leads to inconsistent use in clinical practice. The Drains After Gastrectomy (DRaG) trial was a prospective, non‑randomized study conducted from February 2020 to March 2023 at the Hippocration General Hospital, University of Athens. Patients undergoing open D2 total gastrectomy were treated with perianastomotic drainage based on evidence‑based criteria, offering a tailored approach to treatment. Immediate and short‑term post‑operative outcomes, including complications and key milestones in recovery, were assessed.
In total, 60 patients were included in the prospective study, with 40 receiving a drain based on evidence‑supported, case‑based criteria. The non‑drain group exhibited lower pain scores, earlier rates of mobilization, lower levels of post-operative nausea and vomiting, and shorter hospital stays. By contrast, patients presenting with complications experienced a delayed post‑operative recovery, which may have been associated with the use of the drain. Although adverse effects are common, the application of specific criteria may aid clinical decision making. In conclusion, the present study aimed to provide a criteria‑based approach for individualising drain placement in gastrectomy. Notably, the findings of the present study are comparable with those of existing studies; thus, the suggested criteria offer a structured and reliable approach to the use of drain placement following gastrectomy in surgical practice.
View Figures
View References

Related Articles

Journal Cover

August-2025
Volume 23 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 2049-9450
Online ISSN:2049-9469

Sign up for eToc alerts

Recommend to Library

Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Eleftheriou M, Doulberis M, Pouliakis A, Ampazis D, Kareklas D, Toutouzas K, Zografos G, Theodorou D and Triantafyllou T: Risk factors as criteria for drain use in gastrectomy: A prospective study. Mol Clin Oncol 23: 75, 2025.
APA
Eleftheriou, M., Doulberis, M., Pouliakis, A., Ampazis, D., Kareklas, D., Toutouzas, K. ... Triantafyllou, T. (2025). Risk factors as criteria for drain use in gastrectomy: A prospective study. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 23, 75. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2870
MLA
Eleftheriou, M., Doulberis, M., Pouliakis, A., Ampazis, D., Kareklas, D., Toutouzas, K., Zografos, G., Theodorou, D., Triantafyllou, T."Risk factors as criteria for drain use in gastrectomy: A prospective study". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 23.2 (2025): 75.
Chicago
Eleftheriou, M., Doulberis, M., Pouliakis, A., Ampazis, D., Kareklas, D., Toutouzas, K., Zografos, G., Theodorou, D., Triantafyllou, T."Risk factors as criteria for drain use in gastrectomy: A prospective study". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 23, no. 2 (2025): 75. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2025.2870