Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular and Clinical Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9450 Online ISSN: 2049-9469
Journal Cover
October-2026 Volume 25 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2026 Volume 25 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in breast cancer

  • Authors:
    • Guoan Zhang
    • Xiaobai Sun
    • Junping Zhang
    • Zhaozhen Zhang
    • Xinlin Luan
    • Fengyuan Yu
    • Zhenjie Guan
    • Changming Guo
    • Yangyang Hu
    • Mengfei Zhao
    • Jiarong E.
    • Yingxin Xiong
    • Junze Liu
    • Yuqing Hu
    • Xinyu Ma
    • Ruiyao Yang
    • Jianli Liu
    • Hongli Zhao
    • Qingwei Guo
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: School of Forensic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China, Department of Medical Technology, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, Shandong 250102, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Liangshan People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272600, P.R. China, School of Mental Health (Research Institute of Mental Health), Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China, Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China, Department of Hematology and Oncology, and Department of Child Health, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 60
    |
    Published online on: August 6, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2026.2969
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:


Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) represents one of the most frequently occurring malignancies and a primary cause of cancer‑associated mortality among women globally. AXL, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the TAM family, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) are both aberrantly activated in BC and contribute to tumor progression. The present study aimed to investigate the functional association between AXL and STAT3 activation in BC. It was found that the overexpression of AXL in MCF7 and 293T cells enhanced STAT3 phosphorylation and transcriptional activity, whereas AXL knockdown using short hairpin RNA or pharmacological inhibition with R428 suppressed STAT3 activation. AXL overexpression also enhanced the secretion of IL‑6, a major upstream activator of STAT3. Bioinformatics analysis of clinical BC datasets (GSE102484, GSE9893 and The Cancer Proteome Atlas) validated a positive correlation between AXL expression and STAT3 signaling activation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in BC, providing insight into the molecular pathways driving BC progression and uncovering candidate therapeutic targets.
View Figures

Figure 1

AXL overexpression enhances STAT3
activation. (A) MCF7 cells were transfected with empty plasmid (EV)
or AXL plasmid; the indicated proteins were examined using western
blot analysis. (B) 293T cells were transfected with empty plasmid
(EV) or AXL plasmid for 24 h and treated with or without IL-6 (10
ng/ml) for 30 min; the indicated proteins were examined using
western blot analysis. (C) MCF7 cells were transfected with
increasing amounts of AXL plasmid for 48 h and the indicated
proteins were examined using western blot analysis. (D) 293T cells
were transfected with increasing amounts of AXL plasmid for 48 h
and the indicated proteins were examined using western blot
analysis. (E) MCF7 cells transfected with empty plasmid (EV) or AXL
plasmid; the indicated proteins were examined using western blot
analysis. (F) MCF7 cells were co-transfected with empty plasmid
(EV) or AXL plasmid, as well as STAT3 reporter plasmid (SIE vector)
and pRL-TK vector for 48 h and analyzed using the Dual Luciferase
Reporter Gene Assay kit. (G) 293T cells were co-transfected with
empty plasmid (EV) or AXL plasmid, as well as STAT3 reporter
plasmid (SIE vector) and pRL-TK vector for 48 h and analyzed using
the Dual Luciferase Reporter Gene Assay kit. (H) MCF7 cells
transfected with empty plasmid (EV) or AXL plasmid; the mRNA
expression of IL-6 was determined using reverse
transcription-quantitative PCR. (I) MCF7 cells transfected with
empty plasmid (EV) or AXL plasmid; IL-6 levels in the cell
supernatants was determined using ELISA. (J) Scatter plot
illustrating the correlation between the mRNA expression levels of
AXL and IL-6 analyzed using the GEPIA2 online tool. (K) MCF7 cells
were transfected with EV (-) or AXL plasmid (+) for 48 h and then
treated with or without tocilizimab (25 µg/ml) for 24 h. The
indicated proteins were examined using western blot analysis. t-,
total. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and
***P<0.001. EV, empty vector; p-, phosphorylated.

Figure 2

AXL suppression decreases STAT3
activation. (A) MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with AXL-shRNA
lentivirus (shAXL) or control lentivirus (Ctrl) for 48 h and
treated with puromycin (2 µg/ml) for ~1 week to select transfected
cells. The indicated proteins were examined using western blot
analysis. (B) HeLa cells were transfected with AXL-shRNA lentivirus
(shAXL) or control lentivirus (Ctrl) for 48 h and treated with
puromycin (2 µg/ml) for ~1 week to select transfected cells. The
indicated proteins were examined using western blot analysis. (C
and D) MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with increasing concentration
of R428 for 24 h. The indicated proteins were examined using
western blot analysis. (E) MDA-MB-231 cells were co-transfected
with empty plasmid (EV) or AXL plasmid, as well as STAT3 reporter
plasmid (SIE vector) and pRL-TK vector for 24 h and treated with
DMSO (Ctrl) or R428 (1 and 3 µM) for a further 24 h; STAT3 activity
was analyzed using the Dual Luciferase Reporter Gene Assay kit.
*P<0.05, **P<0.01,
***P<0.001. shRNA, short-hairpin RNA; EV, empty
vector; p-, phosphorylated.

Figure 3

AXL is associated with STAT3
signaling, as revealed by the analysis of mRNA and protein data of
clinical breast cancer samples. (A) Gene set enrichment analysis of
GSE102484, mRNA expression data from 683 patients with invasive
breast cancer; IL6_JAK_STAT3 signaling in AXL-high tumors vs.
AXL-low tumors is displayed. (B) Gene set enrichment analysis of
GSE9893, mRNA expression data from 155 primary breast cancers;
IL6_JAK_STAT3 signaling in AXL-high tumors vs. AXL-low tumors is
displayed. (C) Association of AXL and p-STAT3 (pY705) in breast
invasive carcinoma; data are from The Cancer Proteome Atlas and
were analyzed using Prism 8. NES, normalized enrichment score.
View References

1 

Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E and Forman D: Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 61:69–90. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I and Jemal A: Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 74:229–263. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Harbeck N, Penault-Llorca F, Cortes J, Gnant M, Houssami N, Poortmans P, Ruddy K, Tsang J and Cardoso F: Breast cancer. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 5(66)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Kaleem M, Gangane P, Mujtaba MA, Kanekar A, Shahzad N, Alzahrani AR, Zafar A and Ahmad A: The advancements in targeted therapeutic strategies for breast cancer via intervention of natural molecules: An insight into cellular and molecular mechanisms. Pathol Res Pract. 278(156338)2026.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Deeptha TC, Nabeela NK, Pushparaj C, Narayanasamy A, Manickam P, Thiruvenkataswamy S and Sennimalai R: Novel therapeutic approaches targeting cancer stem cells: Unveiling new frontiers in breast cancer treatment. Pathol Res Pract. 266(155800)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Tang Y, Zang H, Wen Q and Fan S: AXL in cancer: A modulator of drug resistance and therapeutic target. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 42(148)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Liu Y, Xu L, Dou Y and He Y: AXL: Shapers of tumor progression and immunosuppressive microenvironments. Mol Cancer. 24(11)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Zhu C, Wei Y and Wei X: AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti-cancer approach: Functions, molecular mechanisms and clinical applications. Mol Cancer. 18(153)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Qian C, Wang C and Liu F: AXL in cardiovascular diseases: Pathophysiological insights and clinical perspectives. Pathol Res Pract. 272(156120)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Gjerdrum C, Tiron C, Høiby T, Stefansson I, Haugen H, Sandal T, Collett K, Li S, McCormack E, Gjertsen BT, et al: Axl is an essential epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-induced regulator of breast cancer metastasis and patient survival. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107:1124–1129. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Ji J, Ding Y, Kong Y, Fang M, Yu X, Lai X and Gu Q: Triple-negative breast cancer cells that survive ionizing radiation exhibit an Axl-dependent aggressive radioresistant phenotype. Exp Ther Med. 26(448)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Chang H, An R, Li X, Lang X, Feng J and Lv M: Anti-Axl monoclonal antibodies attenuate the migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett. 22(749)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Zhang G, Wang M, Zhao H and Cui W: Function of Axl receptor tyrosine kinase in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett. 15:2726–2734. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Yadav M, Sharma A, Patne K, Tabasum S, Suryavanshi J, Rawat L, Machaalani M, Eid M, Singh RP, Choueiri TK, et al: AXL signaling in cancer: From molecular insights to targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 10(37)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Eriksen Gjerstad M, Aehnlich P, Gelebart P and Mc Cormack E: AXL tyrosine kinases: A growing isoform family that promotes cancer pathogenesis. Cancer Res. 85:2561–2573. 2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Johnson DE, O'Keefe RA and Grandis JR: Targeting the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signalling axis in cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 15:234–248. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Zhang G, Hou S, Li S, Wang Y and Cui W: Role of STAT3 in cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (review). Int J Oncol. 64(48)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Ma JH, Qin L and Li X: Role of STAT3 signaling pathway in breast cancer. Cell Commun Signal. 18(33)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Qin JJ, Yan L, Zhang J and Zhang WD: STAT3 as a potential therapeutic target in triple negative breast cancer: A systematic review. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 38(195)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Meyer AS, Miller MA, Gertler FB and Lauffenburger DA: The receptor AXL diversifies EGFR signaling and limits the response to EGFR-targeted inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Sci Signal. 6(ra66)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Zhang G, Kong X, Wang M, Zhao H, Han S, Hu R, Huang J and Cui W: AXL is a marker for epithelial-mesenchymal transition in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett. 15:1900–1906. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Khera L, Vinik Y, Maina F and Lev S: The AXL-PYK2-PKCα axis as a nexus of stemness circuits in TNBC. Life Sci Alliance. 4(e202000985)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Kim TH, Lee D, Oh HJ, Ham IH, Tran TT, Lee Y, Kim TM, Brekken RA, Zhang Z, Ke D and Hur H: Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived GAS6 increases resistance to chemotherapy through AXL/STAT3/ABCG1 in gastric cancer. Br J Cancer. 134:72–84. 2026.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Hung CN, Chen M, DeArmond DT, Chiu CH, Limboy CA, Tan X, Kusi M, Chou CW, Lin LL, Zhang Z, et al: AXL-initiated paracrine activation of pSTAT3 enhances mesenchymal and vasculogenic supportive features of tumor-associated macrophages. Cell Rep. 42(113067)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Sun X, Chen H, You S, Tian Z, Wang Z, Liu F, Hu W, Zhang H, Zhang G, Zhao H and Guo Q: AXL upregulates c-Myc expression through AKT and ERK signaling pathways in breast cancers. Mol Clin Oncol. 18(22)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Han S, Wang Y, Ge C, Gao M, Wang X, Wang F, Sun L, Li S, Dong T, Dang Z, et al: Pharmaceutical inhibition of AXL suppresses tumor growth and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Ther Med. 20(41)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Cheng SH, Huang TT, Cheng YH, Tan TBK, Horng CF, Wang YA, Brian NS, Shih LS and Yu BL: Validation of the 18-gene classifier as a prognostic biomarker of distant metastasis in breast cancer. PLoS One. 12(e0184372)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Chanrion M, Negre V, Fontaine H, Salvetat N, Bibeau F, Mac Grogan G, Mauriac L, Katsaros D, Molina F, Theillet C and Darbon JM: A gene expression signature that can predict the recurrence of tamoxifen-treated primary breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 14:1744–1752. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Tang Z, Kang B, Li C, Chen T and Zhang Z: GEPIA2: An enhanced web server for large-scale expression profiling and interactive analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 47 (W1):W556–W560. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Su YF, Shen PC, Huang WY, Hung YJ, Huang TW, Lin CY and Shieh YS: Nuclear translocation of Axl contributes to the malignancy of oral cancer cells. J Dent Sci. 19:438–447. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Hu Y, Dong Z and Liu K: Unraveling the complexity of STAT3 in cancer: Molecular understanding and drug discovery. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 43(23)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Kim LC, Song L and Haura EB: Src kinases as therapeutic targets for cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 6:587–595. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Chocarro-Calvo A, Jociles-Ortega M, García-Martinez JM, Louphrasitthiphol P, Carvalho-Marques S, Vivas-García Y, Ramírez-Sánchez A, Chauhan J, Fiuza MC, Duran M, et al: Fatty acid uptake activates an AXL-CAV1-β-catenin axis to drive melanoma progression. Genes Dev. 39:463–489. 2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Dong M, Xiao Q, Hu J, Cheng F, Zhang P, Zong W, Tang Q, Li X, Mao F, He Y, et al: Targeting LRIG2 overcomes resistance to EGFR inhibitor in glioblastoma by modulating GAS6/AXL/SRC signaling. Cancer Gene Ther. 27:878–897. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Xiao Y, Zhao H, Tian L, Nolley R, Diep AN, Ernst A, Fuh KC, Miao YR, von Eyben R, Leppert JT, et al: S100A10 is a critical mediator of GAS6/AXL-induced angiogenesis in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 79:5758–5768. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Banerjee K and Resat H: Constitutive activation of STAT3 in breast cancer cells: A review. Int J Cancer. 138:2570–2578. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Ozyurt R and Ozpolat B: Therapeutic landscape of AXL receptor kinase in triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 22:818–832. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Khera L and Lev S: Accelerating AXL targeting for TNBC therapy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 139(106057)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Zajac O, Leclere R, Nicolas A, Meseure D, Marchiò C, Vincent-Salomon A, Roman-Roman S, Schoumacher M and Dubois T: AXL controls directed migration of mesenchymal triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cells. 9(247)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Holland SJ, Pan A, Franci C, Hu Y, Chang B, Li W, Duan M, Torneros A, Yu J, Heckrodt TJ, et al: R428, a selective small molecule inhibitor of Axl kinase, blocks tumor spread and prolongs survival in models of metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res. 70:1544–1554. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Loges S, Heuser M, Chromik J, Sutamtewagul G, Kapp-Schwoerer S, Crugnola M, Di Renzo N, Lemoli R, Mattei D, Fiedler W, et al: Bemcentinib as monotherapy and in combination with low-dose cytarabine in acute myeloid leukemia patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy: A phase 1b/2a trial. Nat Commun. 16(2846)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Li H, Liu Z, Liu L, Zhang H, Han C, Girard L, Park H, Zhang A, Dong C, Ye J, et al: AXL targeting restores PD-1 blockade sensitivity of STK11/LKB1 mutant NSCLC through expansion of TCF1+ CD8 T cells. Cell Rep Med. 3(100554)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang G, Sun X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Luan X, Yu F, Guan Z, Guo C, Hu Y, Zhao M, Zhao M, et al: AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in breast cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 25: 60, 2026.
APA
Zhang, G., Sun, X., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Luan, X., Yu, F. ... Guo, Q. (2026). AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in breast cancer. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 25, 60. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2026.2969
MLA
Zhang, G., Sun, X., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Luan, X., Yu, F., Guan, Z., Guo, C., Hu, Y., Zhao, M., E., J., Xiong, Y., Liu, J., Hu, Y., Ma, X., Yang, R., Liu, J., Zhao, H., Guo, Q."AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in breast cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 25.4 (2026): 60.
Chicago
Zhang, G., Sun, X., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Luan, X., Yu, F., Guan, Z., Guo, C., Hu, Y., Zhao, M., E., J., Xiong, Y., Liu, J., Hu, Y., Ma, X., Yang, R., Liu, J., Zhao, H., Guo, Q."AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in breast cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 25, no. 4 (2026): 60. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2026.2969
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang G, Sun X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Luan X, Yu F, Guan Z, Guo C, Hu Y, Zhao M, Zhao M, et al: AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in breast cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 25: 60, 2026.
APA
Zhang, G., Sun, X., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Luan, X., Yu, F. ... Guo, Q. (2026). AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in breast cancer. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 25, 60. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2026.2969
MLA
Zhang, G., Sun, X., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Luan, X., Yu, F., Guan, Z., Guo, C., Hu, Y., Zhao, M., E., J., Xiong, Y., Liu, J., Hu, Y., Ma, X., Yang, R., Liu, J., Zhao, H., Guo, Q."AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in breast cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 25.4 (2026): 60.
Chicago
Zhang, G., Sun, X., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Luan, X., Yu, F., Guan, Z., Guo, C., Hu, Y., Zhao, M., E., J., Xiong, Y., Liu, J., Hu, Y., Ma, X., Yang, R., Liu, J., Zhao, H., Guo, Q."AXL is associated with STAT3 activation in breast cancer". Molecular and Clinical Oncology 25, no. 4 (2026): 60. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2026.2969
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team