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Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls

  • Authors:
    • Jalees Fatima
    • Vaibhav Shukla
    • Zeba Siddiqi
    • Mohammad Zakariya Shamsi
    • Saboor Mateen
    • Aaliya Abdul Jabbar
    • Zeenat Usmani
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Department of Cardiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302022, India
    Copyright: © Fatima et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
  • Article Number: 52
    |
    Published online on: July 12, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2024.176
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Abstract

Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis have been linked to a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The present study examined the association between carotid intima‑media thickness (CIMT) and coronary artery calcium (CAC), as well as the cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Additionally, the present study used 28 measures to calculate the disease activity score (DAS). To compare healthy controls with patients with RA, a case‑control study was conducted that assessed CAC and CIMT in patients with the disease. A total of 45 healthy individuals and 45 patients with a diagnosis of RA were included in the study. With an average age of 50.66±12.35 years, the ages of the participants varied from 24 to 80 years. In both the control and RA patient groups, the sex ratio was 60%. The RA patient group had 53.3% female participants. There were significant variations in the levels of serum urea, potassium, magnesium, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, total leucocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C‑reactive protein (CRP) and lipids [apart from triglycerides and very low‑density lipoprotein (VLDL)]. There was a substantial difference in the scores between patients with RA and the controls as regards CAC. A mild‑severe risk of coronary artery disease was observed in 55.6% of RA cases and 4.4% of the controls (all mild). Both CIMT thickness and the CAC score exhibited a significant correlation with CRP, serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum low‑density lipids and serum VLDL. The DAS of patients ranged between 4.4 and 8.2 (mean, 5.81±0.91). A moderate disease activity was noted in the remaining patients, whereas 66.7% exhibited a high disease activity (DAS >5.2). On the whole, the present study demonstrates that conventional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as dyslipidemia, are consistent with both CIMT and CAC. The risk of developing atherosclerosis may be substantially increased by chronic inflammation, as the DAS score corresponds with CIMT and CAC.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Fatima J, Shukla V, Siddiqi Z, Shamsi MZ, Mateen S, Jabbar AA and Usmani Z: Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls. Med Int 4: 52, 2024.
APA
Fatima, J., Shukla, V., Siddiqi, Z., Shamsi, M.Z., Mateen, S., Jabbar, A.A., & Usmani, Z. (2024). Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls. Medicine International, 4, 52. https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2024.176
MLA
Fatima, J., Shukla, V., Siddiqi, Z., Shamsi, M. Z., Mateen, S., Jabbar, A. A., Usmani, Z."Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls". Medicine International 4.5 (2024): 52.
Chicago
Fatima, J., Shukla, V., Siddiqi, Z., Shamsi, M. Z., Mateen, S., Jabbar, A. A., Usmani, Z."Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls". Medicine International 4, no. 5 (2024): 52. https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2024.176
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Fatima J, Shukla V, Siddiqi Z, Shamsi MZ, Mateen S, Jabbar AA and Usmani Z: Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls. Med Int 4: 52, 2024.
APA
Fatima, J., Shukla, V., Siddiqi, Z., Shamsi, M.Z., Mateen, S., Jabbar, A.A., & Usmani, Z. (2024). Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls. Medicine International, 4, 52. https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2024.176
MLA
Fatima, J., Shukla, V., Siddiqi, Z., Shamsi, M. Z., Mateen, S., Jabbar, A. A., Usmani, Z."Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls". Medicine International 4.5 (2024): 52.
Chicago
Fatima, J., Shukla, V., Siddiqi, Z., Shamsi, M. Z., Mateen, S., Jabbar, A. A., Usmani, Z."Cardiovascular risk markers (computed tomography‑coronary artery calcium and carotid intima‑media thickness) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls". Medicine International 4, no. 5 (2024): 52. https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2024.176
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