Unilateral breast Darier disease: A case report and literature review

Pshtiwan,Lana R.A.; Tofiq,Shaban Latif; Hiwa,Dilan S.; Fatih,Harzal Hiwa; Mohammed,Karukh K.; Salih,Abdulwahid M.; Omar,Diyar A.; Najar,Kayhan A.; Kakamad,Fahmi H.

doi:10.3892/mi.2025.244

July-August 2025 Volume 5 Issue 4

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July-August 2025 Volume 5 Issue 4

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Case Report Open Access

Unilateral breast Darier disease: A case report and literature review

Authors:
- Lana R.A. Pshtiwan
- Shaban Latif Tofiq
- Dilan S. Hiwa
- Harzal Hiwa Fatih
- Karukh K. Mohammed
- Abdulwahid M. Salih
- Diyar A. Omar
- Kayhan A. Najar
- Fahmi H. Kakamad
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Department of Scientific Affairs, Smart Health Tower, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq, Smart Health Tower (Raparin Branch), Ranya, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq, Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East office), Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq

Copyright: © Pshtiwan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
Article Number: 45
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Published online on: May 26, 2025

https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2025.244
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Abstract

Darier disease is often an underrecognized, disfiguring skin condition. Although the localized form of this condition has been reported in several parts of the body, the present study describes the case of a patient with the unique involvement of one breast, destroying the nipple. A 35‑year‑old female patient complained of having a right nipple lesion for 1 month. There were multiple small brown‑to‑black firm nipple lesions causing nipple destruction, associated with multiple small red, non‑tender skin lesions in the areolar region and lower part of the breast. An incisional biopsy revealed a small number of acantholytic cells and a papillary‑like configuration within the epidermis; no conclusive evidence of malignancy was observed, and a diagnosis of Darier disease was made. Emollient lotion, topical fusidic acid cream 2%, and oral isotretinoin 20 mg once daily were prescribed. The proposed pathogenesis of localized Darier disease is due to genetic mosaicism; these mutations arise during zygotic division. It can present as a rash with either macular or linear patterns confined to a specific body area. In the literature review, localized Darier disease affecting the inframammary region, vulva, axilla, and side of the abdomen have been reported, among others. Paget's disease was hidden in the background of Darier's disease of the breast in one of the cases in the literature. Darier disease may present as a localized unilateral breast lesion, characterized by multiple small, firm brown to black lesions on the nipple, leading to nipple destruction.

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Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Oncology

Molecular Medicine Reports

Oncology Reports

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Oncology Letters

Biomedical Reports

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

World Academy of Sciences Journal

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Epigenetics

Medicine International

Unilateral breast Darier disease: A case report and literature review

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