Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
June-2017 Volume 15 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
June-2017 Volume 15 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

A pilot study identifying a potential plasma biomarker for determining EGFR mutations in exons 19 or 21 in lung cancer patients

  • Authors:
    • Aryo D. Pamungkas
    • Carl A. Medriano
    • Eunjung Sim
    • Sungyong Lee
    • Youngja H. Park
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Jochiwon‑eup, Sejong 30029, Republic of Korea, Department of Pulmonology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Guro‑gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
    Copyright: © Pamungkas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 4155-4161
    |
    Published online on: April 28, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6530
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The most common type of lung cancer is non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is frequently characterized by a mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Determining the presence of an EGFR mutation in lung cancer is important, as it determines the type of treatment that a patients will receive. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to apply high‑resolution metabolomics (HRM) using liquid chromatography‑mass spectrometry to identify significant compounds in human plasma samples obtained from South Korean NSCLC patients, as potential biomarkers for providing early detection and diagnosis of minimally‑invasive NSCLC. The metabolic differences between lung cancer patients without EGFR mutations were compared with patients harboring EGFR mutations. Univariate analysis was performed, with a false discovery rate of q=0.05, in order to identify significant metabolites between the two groups. In addition, hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to discriminate between the metabolic profiles of the two groups. Furthermore, the significant metabolites were identified and mapped using Mummichog software, in order to generate a potential metabolic network model. Using metabolome‑wide association studies, metabolic alterations were identified. Linoleic acid [303.23 m/z, (M+Na)+], 5‑methyl tetrahydrofolate [231.10 m/z, (M+2H)+] and N‑succinyl‑L‑glutamate‑5 semialdehyde [254.06 m/z, (M+Na)+], were observed to be elevated in patients harboring EGFR mutations, whereas tetradecanoyl carnitine [394.29 m/z, (M+Na)+] was observed to be reduced. This suggests that these compounds may be affected by the EGFR mutation. In conclusion, the present study identified four potential biomarkers in patients with EGFR mutations, using HRM combined with pathway analysis. These results may facilitate the development of novel diagnostic tools for EGFR mutation detection in patients with lung cancer.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Jung KW, Won YJ, Oh CM, Kong HJ, Cho H, Lee JK, Lee DH and Lee KH: Prediction of cancer incidence and mortality in Korea, 2016. Cancer Res Treat. 48:451–457. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar :

2 

Collins LG, Haines C, Perkel R and Enck RE: Lung cancer: Diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 75:56–63. 2007.

3 

Chen Z, Fillmore CM, Hammerman PS, Kim CF and Wong KK: Nonsmallcell lung cancers: A heterogeneous set of diseases. Nat Rev Cancer. 14:535–546. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Travis WD: Update on small cell carcinoma and its differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma and other non-small cell carcinomas. Modern Pathol. 25:S18–S30. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Langer CJ, Besse B, Gualberto A, Brambilla E and Soria JC: The evolving role of histology in the management of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 28:5311–5320. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Wieduwilt MJ and Moasser MM: The epidermal growth factor receptor family: Biology driving targeted therapeutics. Cell Mol Life Sci. 65:1566–1584. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar :

7 

Scagliotti GV, Selvaggi G, Novello S and Hirsch FR: The biology of epidermal growth factor receptor in lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 10:4227s–4232s. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

8 

da Cunha Santos G, Shepherd FA and Tsao MS: EGFR mutations and lung cancer. Annu Rev Pathol. 6:49–69. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Paez JG, Janne PA, Lee JC, Tracy S, Greulich H, Gabriel S, Herman P, Kaye FJ, Lindeman N, Boggon TJ, et al: EGFR mutations in lung cancer: Correlation with clinical response to gefitinib therapy. Science. 304:1497–1500. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Yamamoto H, Toyooka S and Mitsudomi T: Impact of EGFR mutation analysis in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 63:315–321. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Shigematsu H and Gazdar AF: Somatic mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway in lung cancers. Int J Cancer. 118:257–262. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Siegelin MD and Borczuk AC: Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in lung adenocarcinoma. Lab Invest. 94:129–137. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Fukuoka M, Wu YL, Thongprasert S, Sunpaweravong P, Leong SS, Sriuranpong V, Chao TY, Nakagawa K, Chu DT, Saijo N, et al: Biomarker analyses and final overall survival results from a phase III, randomized, open-label, first-line study of gefitinib versus carboplatin/paclitaxel in clinically selected patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in Asia (IPASS). J Clin Oncol. 29:2866–2874. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Metzger B, Chambeau L, Begon DY, Faber C, Kayser J, Berchem G, Pauly M, Boniver J, Delvenne P, Dicato M and Wenner T: The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in European patients with advanced colorectal cancer harbors infrequent mutations in its tyrosine kinase domain. BMC Med Genet. 12:1442011. View Article : Google Scholar :

15 

Khoo C, Rogers TM, Fellowes A, Bell A and Fox S: Molecular methods for somatic mutation testing in lung adenocarcinoma: EGFR and beyond. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 4:126–141. 2015.

16 

Jung CY: Biopsy and mutation detection strategies in non-small cell lung cancer. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 75:181–187. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar :

17 

Lindeman NI, Cagle PT, Beasley MB, Chitale DA, Dacic S, Giaccone G, Jenkins RB, Kwiatkowski DJ, Saldivar JS, Squire J, et al: Molecular testing guideline for selection of lung cancer patients for EGFR and ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Guideline from the College of American Pathologists, International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, and Association for Molecular Pathology. J Thorac Oncol. 8:823–859. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar :

18 

Hulka BS and Wilcosky T: Biological markers in epidemiologic research. Arch Environ Health. 43:83–89. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Mayeux R: Biomarkers: Potential uses and limitations. NeuroRx. 1:182–188. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar :

20 

Miyamoto S, Taylor SL, Barupal DK, Taguchi A, Wohlgemuth G, Wikoff WR, Yoneda KY, Gandara DR, Hanash SM, Kim K and Fiehn O: Systemic metabolomic changes in blood samples of lung cancer patients identified by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Metabolites. 5:192–210. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar :

21 

Park YH, Shi YP, Liang B, Medriano CA, Jeon YH, Torres E, Uppal K, Slutsker L and Jones DP: High-resolution metabolomics to discover potential parasite-specific biomarkers in a Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic stage culture system. Malar J. 14:1222015. View Article : Google Scholar :

22 

Peralbo-Molina A, Calderón-Santiago M, Priego-Capote F, JuradoGámez B and de Castro MD Luque: Metabolomics analysis of exhaled breath condensate for discrimination between lung cancer patients and risk factor individuals. J Breath Res. 10:0160112016. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Pamungkas AD, Park C, Lee S, Jee SH and Park YH: High resolution metabolomics to discriminate compounds in serum of male lung cancer patients in South Korea. Respir Res. 17:1002016. View Article : Google Scholar :

24 

Johnson JM, Yu T, Strobel FH and Jones DP: A practical approach to detect unique metabolic patterns for personalized medicine. Analyst. 135:2864–2870. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar :

25 

De Sotto R, Medriano C, Cho Y, Seok KS, Park Y and Kim S: Significance of metabolite extraction method for evaluating sulfamethazine toxicity in adult zebrafish using metabolomics. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 127:127–134. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Yu T, Park Y, Johnson JM and Jones DP: apLCMSadaptive processing of highresolution LC/MS data. Bioinformatics. 25:193019362009. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Benjamini Y, Drai D, Elmer G, Kafkafi N and Golani I: Controlling the false discovery rate in behavior genetics research. Behav Brain Res. 125:2792842001. View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Cribbs SK, Park Y, Guidot DM, Martin GS, Brown LA, Lennox J and Jones DP: Metabolomics of bronchoalveolar lavage differentiate healthy HIV-1-infected subjects from controls. Aids Res Hum Retroviruses. 30:579–585. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar :

29 

Uppal K, Soltow QA, Strobel FH, Pittard WS, Gernert KM, Yu T and Jones DP: xMSanalyzer: Automated pipeline for improved feature detection and downstream analysis of large-scale, non-targeted metabolomics data. BMC Bioinformatics. 14:152013. View Article : Google Scholar :

30 

Neujahr DC, Uppal K, Force SD, Fernandez F, Lawrence C, Pickens A, Bag R, Lockard C, Kirk AD, Tran V, et al: Bile acid aspiration associated with lung chemical profile linked to other biomarkers of injury after lung transplantation. Am J Transplant. 14:841–848. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Li S, Park Y, Duraisingham S, Strobel FH, Khan N, Soltow QA, Jones DP and Pulendran B: Predicting network activity from high throughput metabolomics. PLoS Comput Biol. 9:e10031232013. View Article : Google Scholar :

32 

Hoffman JM, Soltow QA, Li S, Sidik A, Jones DP and Promislow DE: Effects of age, sex, and genotype on highsensitivity metabolomic profiles in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Aging Cell. 13:5966042014. View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Kim YT, Kim TY, Lee DS, Park SJ, Park JY, Seo SJ, Choi HS, Kang HJ, Hahn S, Kang CH, et al: Molecular changes of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS and their impact on the clinical outcomes in surgically resected adenocarcinoma of the lung. Lung Cancer. 59:111–118. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Hsu PP and Sabatini DM: Cancer cell metabolism: Warburg and beyond. Cell. 134:7037072008. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

DeBerardinis RJ, Lum JJ, Hatzivassiliou G and Thompson CB: The biology of cancer: Metabolic reprogramming fuels cell growth and proliferation. Cell Metab. 7:11202008. View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Warburg O: On the origin of cancer cells. Science. 123:3093141956. View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Samudio I, Harmancey R, Fiegl M, Kantarjian H, Konopleva M, Korchin B, Kaluarachchi K, Bornmann W, Duvvuri S, Taegtmeyer H, et al: Pharmacologic inhibition of fatty acid oxidation sensitizes human leukemia cells to apoptosis induction. J Clin Invest. 120:142–156. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Heiden MG Vander, Cantley LC and Thompson CB: Understanding the Warburg effect: The metabolic requirements of cell proliferation. Science. 324:102910332009.

39 

Santos CR and Schulze A: Lipid metabolism in cancer. FEBS J. 279:261026232012. View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Currie E, Schulze A, Zechner R, Walther TC and Farese RV Jr: Cellular fatty acid metabolism and cancer. Cell Metab. 18:1531612013. View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Nieman KM, Kenny HA, Penicka CV, Ladanyi A, Buell-Gutbrod R, Zillhardt MR, Romero IL, Carey MS, Mills GB, Hotamisligil GS, et al: Adipocytes promote ovarian cancer metastasis and provide energy for rapid tumor growth. Nat Med. 17:1498–1503. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar :

42 

Ramsay RR, Gandour RD and van der Leij FR: Molecular enzymology of carnitine transfer and transport. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1546:21432001.

43 

van Vlies N, Ferdinandusse S, Turkenburg M, Wanders RJ and Vaz FM: PPAR alphaactivation results in enhanced carnitine biosynthesis and OCTN2mediated hepatic carnitine accumulation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1767:113411422007.

44 

Brandt JM, Djouadi F and Kelly DP: Fatty acids activate transcription of the muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase I gene in cardiac myocytes via the peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor alpha. J Biol Chem. 273:23786237921998. View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Sharma S, Sun X, Rafikov R, Kumar S, Hou Y, Oishi PE, Datar SA, Raff G, Fineman JR and Black SM: PPAR-γ regulates carnitine homeostasis and mitochondrial function in a lamb model of increased pulmonary blood flow. PLoS One. 7:e415552012. View Article : Google Scholar :

46 

Hou Y, Gao J, Xu H, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Xu Q and Zhang C: PPARγ E3 ubiquitin ligase regulates MUC1-C oncoprotein stability. Oncogene. 33:5619–5625. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Schooneman MG, Vaz FM, Houten SM and Soeters MR: Acylcarnitines: Reflecting or inflicting insulin resistance? Diabetes. 62:182013. View Article : Google Scholar

48 

Zhao QH, Cao Y, Wang Y, Hu C, Hu A, Ruan L, Bo Q, Liu Q, Chen W, Tao F, et al: Plasma and tissue free amino acid profiles and their concentration correlation in patients with lung cancer. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 23:429–436. 2014.

49 

Shingyoji M, Iizasa T, Higashiyama M, Imamura F, Saruki N, Imaizumi A, Yamamoto H, Daimon T, Tochikubo O, Mitsushima T, et al: The significance and robustness of a plasma free amino acid (PFAA) profile-based multiplex function for detecting lung cancer. BMC Cancer. 13:772013. View Article : Google Scholar :

50 

Abumrad NN and Miller B: The physiologic and nutritional significance of plasmafree amino acid levels. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 7:1631701983. View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Nunez MI, Behrens C, Woods DM, Lin H, Suraokar M, Kadara H, Hofstetter W, Kalhor N, Lee JJ, Franklin W, et al: High expression of folate receptor alpha in lung cancer correlates with adenocarcinoma histology and EGFR [corrected] mutation. J Thorac Oncol. 7:833–840. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar :

52 

Weitman SD, Weinberg AG, Coney LR, Zurawski VR, Jennings DS and Kamen BA: Cellular localization of the folate receptor: Potential role in drug toxicity and folate homeostasis. Cancer Res. 52:670867111992.

53 

Rijnboutt S, Jansen G, Posthuma G, Hynes JB, Schornagel JH and Strous GJ: Endocytosis of GPIlinked membrane folate receptoralpha. J Cell Biol. 132:35471996. View Article : Google Scholar

54 

Kamen BA and Smith AK: A review of folate receptor alpha cycling and 5methyltetrahydrofolate accumulation with an emphasis on cell models in vitro. Adv Drug Deliver Rev. 56:108510972004. View Article : Google Scholar

55 

Zhao HY, Chen GY, Huang Y, Li XL, Feng JF, Shi MQ, Cheng Y, Ma LX, Zhang YP, Gu CP, et al: Erlotinib plus capecitabine as first-line treatment for older Chinese patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the lung (C-TONG0807): An open-label, single arm, multicenter phase II study. Medicine (Baltimore). 94:e2492015. View Article : Google Scholar :

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Pamungkas AD, Medriano CA, Sim E, Lee S and Park YH: A pilot study identifying a potential plasma biomarker for determining EGFR mutations in exons 19 or 21 in lung cancer patients. Mol Med Rep 15: 4155-4161, 2017.
APA
Pamungkas, A.D., Medriano, C.A., Sim, E., Lee, S., & Park, Y.H. (2017). A pilot study identifying a potential plasma biomarker for determining EGFR mutations in exons 19 or 21 in lung cancer patients. Molecular Medicine Reports, 15, 4155-4161. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6530
MLA
Pamungkas, A. D., Medriano, C. A., Sim, E., Lee, S., Park, Y. H."A pilot study identifying a potential plasma biomarker for determining EGFR mutations in exons 19 or 21 in lung cancer patients". Molecular Medicine Reports 15.6 (2017): 4155-4161.
Chicago
Pamungkas, A. D., Medriano, C. A., Sim, E., Lee, S., Park, Y. H."A pilot study identifying a potential plasma biomarker for determining EGFR mutations in exons 19 or 21 in lung cancer patients". Molecular Medicine Reports 15, no. 6 (2017): 4155-4161. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6530
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Pamungkas AD, Medriano CA, Sim E, Lee S and Park YH: A pilot study identifying a potential plasma biomarker for determining EGFR mutations in exons 19 or 21 in lung cancer patients. Mol Med Rep 15: 4155-4161, 2017.
APA
Pamungkas, A.D., Medriano, C.A., Sim, E., Lee, S., & Park, Y.H. (2017). A pilot study identifying a potential plasma biomarker for determining EGFR mutations in exons 19 or 21 in lung cancer patients. Molecular Medicine Reports, 15, 4155-4161. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6530
MLA
Pamungkas, A. D., Medriano, C. A., Sim, E., Lee, S., Park, Y. H."A pilot study identifying a potential plasma biomarker for determining EGFR mutations in exons 19 or 21 in lung cancer patients". Molecular Medicine Reports 15.6 (2017): 4155-4161.
Chicago
Pamungkas, A. D., Medriano, C. A., Sim, E., Lee, S., Park, Y. H."A pilot study identifying a potential plasma biomarker for determining EGFR mutations in exons 19 or 21 in lung cancer patients". Molecular Medicine Reports 15, no. 6 (2017): 4155-4161. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6530
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team