|
1
|
Lau DC, Dhillon B, Yan H, Szmitko PE and
Verma S: Adipokines: Molecular links between obesity and
atheroslcerosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 288:H2031–H2041.
2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
2
|
Guilherme A, Virbasius JV, Puri V and
Czech MP: Adipocyte dysfunctions linking obesity to insulin
resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 9:367–377.
2008. View
Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
3
|
Schwartz B and Yehuda-Shnaidman E:
Putative role of adipose tissue in growth and metabolism of colon
cancer cells. Front Oncol. 4:1642014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
4
|
Grant RW and Dixit VD: Adipose tissue as
an immunological organ. Obesity (Silver Spring). 23:512–518. 2015.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
5
|
Harwood HJ Jr: The adipocyte as an
endocrine organ in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis.
Neuropharmacology. 63:57–75. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
6
|
Mraz M and Haluzik M: The role of adipose
tissue immune cells in obesity and low-grade inflammation. J
Endocrinol. 222:R113–R127. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
7
|
Wellen KE and Hotamisligil GS:
Obesity-induced inflammatory changes in adipose tissue. J Clin
Invest. 112:1785–1788. 2003. View
Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
8
|
Zhang W, Mottillo EP, Zhao J, Gartung A,
VanHecke GC, Lee JF, Maddipati KR, Xu H, Ahn YH, Proia RL, et al:
Adipocyte lipolysis-stimulated interleukin-6 production requires
sphingosine kinase 1 activity. J Biol Chem. 289:32178–32185. 2014.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
9
|
Boden G: Obesity and free fatty acids.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 37:635–646, viii-ix. 2008.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
10
|
Inoguchi T, Li P, Umeda F, Yu HY, Kakimoto
M, Imamura M, Aoki T, Etoh T, Hashimoto T, Naruse M, et al: High
glucose level and free fatty acid stimulate reactive oxygen species
production through protein kinase C-dependent activation of NAD
(P)H oxidase in cultured vascular cells. Diabetes. 49:1939–1945.
2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
11
|
Dasgupta S and Bhattacharya S, Biswas A,
Majumdar SS, Mukhopadhyay S, Ray S and Bhattacharya S: NF-kappaB
mediates lipid-induced fetuin-A expression in hepatocytes that
impairs adipocyte function effecting insulin resistance. Biochem J.
429:451–462. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
12
|
Dong X, Zheng L, Lu S and Yang Y:
Neuroprotective effects of pretreatment of ginsenoside Rb1 on
severe cerebral ischemia-induced injuries in aged mice: Involvement
of anti-oxidant signaling. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 17:338–345. 2017.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
13
|
Fu Y and Ji LL: Chronic ginseng
consumption attenuates age-associated oxidative stress in rats. J
Nutr. 133:3603–3609. 2003.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
14
|
Yu X, Ye L, Zhang H, Zhao J, Wang G, Guo C
and Shang W: Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates liver fat accumulation by
upregulating perilipin expression in adipose tissue of db/db obese
mice. J Ginseng Res. 39:199–205. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
15
|
Xiong Y, Shen L, Liu KJ, Tso P, Xiong Y,
Wang G, Woods SC and Liu M: Antiobesity and antihyperglycemic
effects of ginsenoside Rb1 in rats. Diabetes. 59:2505–2512. 2010.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
16
|
Song Z, Liu Y, Hao B, Yu S, Zhang H, Liu
D, Zhou B, Wu L, Wang M, Xiong Z, et al: Ginsenoside Rb1 prevents
H2O2-induced HUVEC senescence by stimulating sirtuin-1 pathway.
PLoS One. 9:e1126992014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
17
|
Kratchmarova I, Kalume DE, Blagoev B,
Scherer PE, Podtelejnikov AV, Molina H, Bickel PE, Andersen JS,
Fernandez MM, Bunkenborg J, et al: A proteomic approach for
identification of secreted proteins during the differentiation of
3T3-L1 preadipocytes to adipocytes. Mol Cell Proteomics. 1:213–222.
2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
18
|
Wang M, Wang JJ, Li J, Park K, Qian X, Ma
JX and Zhang SX: Pigment epithelium-derived factor suppresses
adipogenesis via inhibition of the MAPK/ERK pathway in 3T3-L1
preadipocytes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 297:E1378–E1387.
2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
19
|
Svedberg J, Björntorp P, Smith U and
Lonnroth P: Free-fatty acid inhibition of insulin binding,
degradation and action in isolated rat hepatocytes. Diabetes.
39:570–574. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
20
|
Sugita H, Kaneki M, Tokunaga E, Sugita M,
Koike C, Yasuhara S, Tompkins RG and Martyn JA: Inducible nitric
oxide synthase plays a role in LPS-induced hyperglycemia and
insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 282:E386–E394.
2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
21
|
Koh EH, Kim M, Ranjan KC, Kim HS, Park HS,
Oh KS, Park IS, Lee WJ, Kim MS, Park JY, et al: eNOS plays a major
role in adiponectin synthesis in adipocytes. Am J Physiol
Endocrinol Metab. 298:E846–E853. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
22
|
Thomas SR, Chen K and Keaney JF Jr:
Hydrogen peroxide activates endothelial nitric-oxide synthase
through coordinated phosphorylation and dephosphorylation via a
phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent signaling pathway. J Biol Chem.
277:6017–6024. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
23
|
Cheng W, Wu D, Zuo Q, Wang Z and Fan W:
Ginsenoside Rb1 prevents interleukin-1 beta induced inflammation
and apoptosis in human articular chondrocytes. Int Orthop.
37:2065–2070. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
24
|
Xia R, Zhao B, Wu Y, Hou JB, Zhang L, Xu
JJ and Xia ZY: Ginsenoside Rb1 preconditioning enhances eNOS
expression and attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in
diabetic rats. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2011:7679302011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
25
|
Wu Y, Yu Y, Szabo A, Han M and Huang XF:
Central inflammation and leptin resistance are attenuated by
ginsenoside Rb1 treatment in obese mice fed a high-fat diet. PLoS
One. 9:e926182014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
26
|
Mu Q, Fang X, Li X, Zhao D, Mo F, Jiang G,
Yu N, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Fu M, et al: Ginsenoside Rb1 promotes
browning through regulation of PPARgamma in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 466:530–535. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
27
|
Liu DH, Chen YM, Liu Y, Hao BS, Zhou B, Wu
L, Wang M, Chen L, Wu WK and Qian XX: Ginsenoside Rb1 reverses
H2O2-induced senescence in human umbilical endothelial cells:
Involvement of eNOS pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 59:222–230.
2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
28
|
Neacsu O, Cleveland K, Xu H, Tchkonia TT,
Kirkland JL and Boney CM: IGF-I attenuates FFA-induced activation
of JNK1 phosphorylation and TNFalpha expression in human
subcutaneous preadipocytes. Obesity (Silver Spring). 21:1843–1849.
2013.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
29
|
Chiadak JD, Arsenijevic T, Verstrepen K,
Gregoire F, Bolaky N, Delforge V, Flamand V, Perret J and Delporte
C: Forskolin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced modulation of
MCP-1 and GPR120 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through an Inhibition of
NFκB. Mediators Inflamm. 2016:14317892016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
30
|
Jiao P, Chen Q, Shah S, Du J, Tao B,
Tzameli I, Yan W and Xu H: Obesity-related upregulation of monocyte
chemotactic factors in adipocytes: Involvement of nuclear
factor-kappaB and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase pathways. Diabetes.
58:104–115. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
31
|
Laine PS, Schwartz EA, Wang Y, Zhang WY,
Karnik SK, Musi N and Reaven PD: Palmitic acid induces IP-10
expression in human macrophages via NF-kappaB activation. Biochem
Biophys Res Commun. 358:150–155. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
32
|
Jiao P, Ma J, Feng B, Zhang H, Diehl JA,
Chin YE, Yan W and Xu H: FFA-induced adipocyte inflammation and
insulin resistance: Involvement of ER stress and IKKβ pathways.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 19:483–491. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
33
|
Ajuwon KM and Spurlock ME: Palmitate
activates the NF-kappaB transcription factor and induces IL-6 and
TNFalpha expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Nutr. 135:1841–1846.
2005.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
34
|
Zhang WJ and Frei B: Astragaloside IV
inhibits NF-κB activation and inflammatory gene expression in
LPS-treated mice. Mediators Inflamm. 2015:2743142015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
35
|
Ye J and Keller JN: Regulation of energy
metabolism by inflammation: a feedback response in obesity and
calorie restriction. Aging (Albany NY). 2:361–368. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
36
|
Yang Z, Kahn BB, Shi H and Xue BZ:
Macrophage alpha1 AMP-activated protein kinase (alpha1AMPK)
antagonizes fatty acid-induced inflammation through SIRT1. J Biol
Chem. 285:19051–19059. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
37
|
Shi H, Kokoeva MV, Inouye K, Tzameli I,
Yin H and Flier JS: TLR4 links innate immunity and fatty
acid-induced insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 116:3015–3025.
2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
38
|
Sun J, Luo J, Ruan Y, Xiu L, Fang B, Zhang
H, Wang M and Chen H: Free fatty acids activate renin-angiotensin
system in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through nuclear factor-kappa B pathway.
J Diabetes Res. 2016:15875942016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
39
|
McCall KD, Holliday D, Dickerson E,
Wallace B, Schwartz AL, Schwartz C, Lewis CJ, Kohn LD and Schwartz
FL: Phenylmethimazole blocks palmitate-mediated induction of
inflammatory cytokine pathways in 3T3L1 adipocytes and RAW 264.7
macrophages. J Endocrinol. 207:343–353. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
40
|
Han C Yeop, Kargi AY, Omer M, Chan CK,
Wabitsch M, O'Brien KD, Wight TN and Chait A: Differential effect
of saturated and unsaturated free fatty acids on the generation of
monocyte adhesion and chemotactic factors by adipocytes:
Dissociation of adipocyte hypertrophy from inflammation. Diabetes.
59:386–396. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
41
|
Wang J, Qiao L, Li S and Yang G:
Protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against lung injury induced by
intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Molecules. 18:1214–1226.
2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
42
|
Cheng B, Li J, Du J, Lv X, Weng L and Ling
C: Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits osteoclastogenesis by modulating NF-κB
and MAPKs pathways. Food Chem Toxicol. 50:1610–1615. 2012.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
43
|
Gerber PA and Rutter GA: The role of
oxidative stress and hypoxia in pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction in
diabetes mellitus. Antioxid Redox Signal. 26:501–518. 2017.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
44
|
Chang YC and Chuang LM: The role of
oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes: From
molecular mechanism to clinical implication. Am J Transl Res.
2:316–331. 2010.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
45
|
Kolios G, Valatas V and Ward SG: Nitric
oxide in inflammatory bowel disease: A universal messenger in an
unsolved puzzle. Immunology. 113:427–437. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
46
|
Yasukawa T, Tokunaga E, Ota H, Sugita H,
Martyn JA and Kaneki M: S-nitrosylation-dependent inactivation of
Akt/protein kinase B in insulin resistance. J Biol Chem.
280:7511–7518. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
47
|
Kashyap SR, Roman LJ, Lamont J, Masters
BS, Bajaj M, Suraamornkul S, Belfort R, Berria R, Kellogg DL Jr,
Liu Y and DeFronzo RA: Insulin resistance is associated with
impaired nitric oxide synthase activity in skeletal muscle of type
2 diabetic subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 90:1100–1105. 2005.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
48
|
Nisoli E, Clementi E, Paolucci C, Cozzi V,
Tonello C, Sciorati C, Bracale R, Valerio A, Francolini M, Moncada
S and Carruba MO: Mitochondrial biogenesis in mammals: The role of
endogenous nitric oxide. Science. 299:896–899. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
49
|
Ikegami Y, Inukai K, Imai K, Sakamoto Y,
Katagiri H, Kurihara S, Awata T and Katayama S: Adiponectin
upregulates ferritin heavy chain in skeletal muscle cells.
Diabetes. 58:61–70. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
50
|
Krautbauer S, Eisinger K, Neumeier M,
Hader Y, Buettner R, Schmid PM, Aslanidis C and Buechler C: Free
fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and IL-1alpha induce adipocyte
manganese superoxide dismutase which is increased in visceral
adipose tissues of obese rodents. PLoS One. 9:e868662014.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
51
|
Wang PW, Kuo HM, Huang HT, Chang AY, Weng
SW, Tai MH, Chuang JH, Chen IY, Huang SC, Lin TK and Liou CW:
Biphasic response of mitochondrial biogenesis to oxidative stress
in visceral fat of diet-induced obesity mice. Antioxid Redox
Signal. 20:2572–2588. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
52
|
Kang L, Dai C, Lustig ME, Bonner JS, Mayes
WH, Mokshagundam S, James FD, Thompson CS, Lin CT, Perry CG, et al:
Heterozygous SOD2 deletion impairs glucose-stimulated insulin
secretion, but not insulin action, in high-fat-fed mice. Diabetes.
63:3699–3710. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
53
|
Bauer S, Wanninger J, Neumeier M, Wurm S,
Weigert J, Kopp A, Bala M, Schäffler A, Aslanidis C and Buechler C:
Elevated free fatty acids and impaired adiponectin bioactivity
contribute to reduced SOD2 protein in monocytes of type 2 diabetes
patients. Exp Mol Pathol. 90:101–106. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
54
|
Guo Y, Yang T, Lu J, Li S, Wan L, Long D,
Li Q, Feng L and Li Y: Rb1 postconditioning attenuates liver warm
ischemia-reperfusion injury through ROS-NO-HIF pathway. Life Sci.
88:598–605. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
55
|
Ye J, Yao JP, Wang X, Zheng M, Li P, He C,
Wan JB, Yao X and Su H: Neuroprotective effects of ginsenosides on
neural progenitor cells against oxidative injury. Mol Med Rep.
13:3083–3091. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
56
|
Fan J, Liu D, He C, Li X and He F:
Inhibiting adhesion events by Panax notoginseng saponins and
Ginsenoside Rb1 protecting arteries via activation of Nrf2 and
suppression of p38-VCAM-1 signal pathway. J Ethnopharmacol.
192:423–430. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
57
|
Liu DH, Chen YM, Liu Y, Hao BS, Zhou B, Wu
L, Wang M, Chen L, Wu WK and Qian XX: Rb1 protects endothelial
cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced cell senescence by modulating
redox status. Biol Pharm Bull. 34:1072–1077. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
