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Article

The effect of hormonal levels and oxidative stress on bisphenol A and soy isoflavone reproductive toxicity in murine offspring

  • Authors:
    • Hongling Zou
    • Shan Wang
    • Yun Liu
    • Jie Mo
    • Liu Yang
    • Yingqi Zhao
    • Peipei Yi
    • Yali Niu
    • Yiwen Huang
    • Yuanming Lu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands, Department of Gynecology, Tang‑Shan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
  • Pages: 4938-4946
    |
    Published online on: September 28, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11544
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Abstract

Previous studies have suggested that human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and soy isoflavones (SIFs) can occur during pregnancy. The combination of these chemicals is hypothesized to have a toxic impact on the fetus. While BPA is an industrial chemical used widely in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, SIFs are naturally occurring estrogen‑like phytoestrogens. To determine the impact of the combination of BPA and SIFs on fetal development, the body weight, organ weight, anogenital distance and histopathological changes in the testes of F1 offspring were assessed in mice. Hormonal effects were determined by measuring serum levels of estrogen receptor (ESR), follicle‑stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T). Additionally, mitochondrial DNA copy numbers, and the serum levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase, were determined to evaluate alterations in oxidative stress and potential toxicity. Exposure to BPA increased the body weight of the pups and reduced the ratio of anogenital distance to body weight, as well as testes weight. Moreover, BPA exposure also induced testicular lesions. The seminiferous tubules of testis were denatured in varying degrees and the lumen wall structure was disordered. The levels of ESR in all offspring and the T levels in male offspring significantly increased, compared with controls. Co‑exposure to BPA and SIFs exacerbated these changes in body weight, testicular lesions and hormonal levels, relative to BPA exposure alone. Additionally, oxidative damage was only induced by high‑dose BPA. Collectively, these findings suggested that BPA and SIFs could have synergistic effect on the reproductive system, which could be mediated by the regulation of ESR expression and testosterone release.
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Zou H, Wang S, Liu Y, Mo J, Yang L, Zhao Y, Yi P, Niu Y, Huang Y, Lu Y, Lu Y, et al: The effect of hormonal levels and oxidative stress on bisphenol A and soy isoflavone reproductive toxicity in murine offspring. Mol Med Rep 22: 4938-4946, 2020.
APA
Zou, H., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Mo, J., Yang, L., Zhao, Y. ... Lu, Y. (2020). The effect of hormonal levels and oxidative stress on bisphenol A and soy isoflavone reproductive toxicity in murine offspring. Molecular Medicine Reports, 22, 4938-4946. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11544
MLA
Zou, H., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Mo, J., Yang, L., Zhao, Y., Yi, P., Niu, Y., Huang, Y., Lu, Y."The effect of hormonal levels and oxidative stress on bisphenol A and soy isoflavone reproductive toxicity in murine offspring". Molecular Medicine Reports 22.6 (2020): 4938-4946.
Chicago
Zou, H., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Mo, J., Yang, L., Zhao, Y., Yi, P., Niu, Y., Huang, Y., Lu, Y."The effect of hormonal levels and oxidative stress on bisphenol A and soy isoflavone reproductive toxicity in murine offspring". Molecular Medicine Reports 22, no. 6 (2020): 4938-4946. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11544
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Spandidos Publications style
Zou H, Wang S, Liu Y, Mo J, Yang L, Zhao Y, Yi P, Niu Y, Huang Y, Lu Y, Lu Y, et al: The effect of hormonal levels and oxidative stress on bisphenol A and soy isoflavone reproductive toxicity in murine offspring. Mol Med Rep 22: 4938-4946, 2020.
APA
Zou, H., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Mo, J., Yang, L., Zhao, Y. ... Lu, Y. (2020). The effect of hormonal levels and oxidative stress on bisphenol A and soy isoflavone reproductive toxicity in murine offspring. Molecular Medicine Reports, 22, 4938-4946. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11544
MLA
Zou, H., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Mo, J., Yang, L., Zhao, Y., Yi, P., Niu, Y., Huang, Y., Lu, Y."The effect of hormonal levels and oxidative stress on bisphenol A and soy isoflavone reproductive toxicity in murine offspring". Molecular Medicine Reports 22.6 (2020): 4938-4946.
Chicago
Zou, H., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Mo, J., Yang, L., Zhao, Y., Yi, P., Niu, Y., Huang, Y., Lu, Y."The effect of hormonal levels and oxidative stress on bisphenol A and soy isoflavone reproductive toxicity in murine offspring". Molecular Medicine Reports 22, no. 6 (2020): 4938-4946. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11544
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