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Article

Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. extract promotes skeletal muscle cell differentiation by positively regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and AKT/mTOR signaling in vitro

  • Authors:
    • So Young Eun
    • Chong Hyuk Chung
    • Yoon-Hee Cheon
    • Gyeong Do Park
    • Chang Hoon Lee
    • Ju-Young Kim
    • Myeung Su Lee
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
  • Article Number: 125
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    Published online on: May 20, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13250
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Abstract

Promotion of myoblast differentiation by activating mitochondrial biogenesis and protein synthesis signaling pathways provides a potential alternative strategy to balance energy and overcome muscle loss and muscle disorders. Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. extract (SCE) has been used extensively as a traditional herbal medicine and has several physiological activities, including anti‑asthmatic, anti‑oxidant, anti‑inflammatory, anti‑atopic, anticancer and hepatoprotective properties. However, the effects and mechanisms of action of SCE on muscle differentiation have not yet been clarified. In the present study, it was investigated whether SCE affects skeletal muscle cell differentiation through the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and protein synthesis in murine C2C12 myoblasts. The XTT colorimetric assay was used to determine cell viability, and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) levels were determined using immunocytochemistry. SCE was applied to C2C12 myotube at different concentrations (1, 5, or 10 ng/ml) and times (1,3, or 5 days). Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression change of factors related to differentiation, mitochondrial biogenesis and protein synthesis. Treatment of C2C12 cells with SCE at 1,5, and 10 ng/ml did not affect cell viability. SCE promoted C2C12 myotube formation and significantly increased MyHC expression in a concentration‑ and time‑dependent manner. SCE significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of muscle differentiation‑specific markers, such as MyHC, myogenic differentiation 1, myogenin, Myogenic Factor 5, and β‑catenin, mitochondrial biosynthesis‑related factors, such as peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor‑gamma coactivator‑1α, nuclear respirator factor‑1, AMP‑activated protein kinase phosphorylation, and histone deacetylase 5 and AKT/mTOR signaling factors related to protein synthesis. SCE may prevent skeletal muscle dysfunction by enhancing myoblast differentiation through the promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis and protein synthesis.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Eun SY, Chung CH, Cheon Y, Park GD, Lee CH, Kim J and Lee MS: <em>Saururus chinensis</em> (Lour.) Baill. extract promotes skeletal muscle cell differentiation by positively regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and AKT/mTOR signaling <em>in vitro</em>. Mol Med Rep 30: 125, 2024.
APA
Eun, S.Y., Chung, C.H., Cheon, Y., Park, G.D., Lee, C.H., Kim, J., & Lee, M.S. (2024). <em>Saururus chinensis</em> (Lour.) Baill. extract promotes skeletal muscle cell differentiation by positively regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and AKT/mTOR signaling <em>in vitro</em>. Molecular Medicine Reports, 30, 125. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13250
MLA
Eun, S. Y., Chung, C. H., Cheon, Y., Park, G. D., Lee, C. H., Kim, J., Lee, M. S."<em>Saururus chinensis</em> (Lour.) Baill. extract promotes skeletal muscle cell differentiation by positively regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and AKT/mTOR signaling <em>in vitro</em>". Molecular Medicine Reports 30.1 (2024): 125.
Chicago
Eun, S. Y., Chung, C. H., Cheon, Y., Park, G. D., Lee, C. H., Kim, J., Lee, M. S."<em>Saururus chinensis</em> (Lour.) Baill. extract promotes skeletal muscle cell differentiation by positively regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and AKT/mTOR signaling <em>in vitro</em>". Molecular Medicine Reports 30, no. 1 (2024): 125. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13250
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Eun SY, Chung CH, Cheon Y, Park GD, Lee CH, Kim J and Lee MS: <em>Saururus chinensis</em> (Lour.) Baill. extract promotes skeletal muscle cell differentiation by positively regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and AKT/mTOR signaling <em>in vitro</em>. Mol Med Rep 30: 125, 2024.
APA
Eun, S.Y., Chung, C.H., Cheon, Y., Park, G.D., Lee, C.H., Kim, J., & Lee, M.S. (2024). <em>Saururus chinensis</em> (Lour.) Baill. extract promotes skeletal muscle cell differentiation by positively regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and AKT/mTOR signaling <em>in vitro</em>. Molecular Medicine Reports, 30, 125. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13250
MLA
Eun, S. Y., Chung, C. H., Cheon, Y., Park, G. D., Lee, C. H., Kim, J., Lee, M. S."<em>Saururus chinensis</em> (Lour.) Baill. extract promotes skeletal muscle cell differentiation by positively regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and AKT/mTOR signaling <em>in vitro</em>". Molecular Medicine Reports 30.1 (2024): 125.
Chicago
Eun, S. Y., Chung, C. H., Cheon, Y., Park, G. D., Lee, C. H., Kim, J., Lee, M. S."<em>Saururus chinensis</em> (Lour.) Baill. extract promotes skeletal muscle cell differentiation by positively regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and AKT/mTOR signaling <em>in vitro</em>". Molecular Medicine Reports 30, no. 1 (2024): 125. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13250
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