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Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response

  • Authors:
    • Sijia Wang
    • Wei Wang
    • Jia Zeng
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    Affiliations: Department of Health Management, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410001, P.R. China, Graduate School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410001, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 41
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    Published online on: November 27, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13406
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Abstract

Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is a prevalent and lethal malignancy with a complex molecular landscape. Fibrosis and ferroptosis are implicated in LIHC progression, yet their roles remain to be elucidated. The present study investigated the expression and prognostic significance of calcitonin receptor (CALCR), a gene that intersects the pathways of fibrosis and ferroptosis, across LIHC and other types of cancer. Data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Molecular Signatures Database. LIHC patients were classified into two clusters based on fibrosis‑related gene expression using ConsensusClusterPlus. Single‑sample gene set enrichment analysis was employed to quantify fibrosis and ferroptosis levels. Correlation, survival and nomogram analyses were performed to assess the prognostic value of CALCR. Additionally, single‑cell RNA sequencing data from the Tumor Immune Single Cell Hub 2 (TISCH2) and pan‑cancer analyses of genomic heterogeneity features were incorporated. The present study also identified a putative regulatory role for CALCR in LIHC cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis. CALCR was identified as a significant prognostic marker for LIHC. Patients with high CALCR expression exhibited shortened overall survival (OS) and disease‑specific survival (DSS). Specifically, the hazard ratios (HRs) for OS and DSS were 1.76 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23=2.49) and 1.77 (95% CI: 1.13=2.78], respectively, with corresponding P‑values of 0.002 for OS and 0.013 for DSS. Analyses of immune cell infiltration revealed a more complex immune environment in patients with low CALCR expression, suggesting differential responses to immunotherapy. Furthermore, in HepG‑2 and HuH‑7 cells, small interfering (si)‑CALCR increased apoptosis while reducing proliferation and migration compared with si‑negative control. CALCR serves as a significant prognostic biomarker for LIHC, influencing both molecular pathways and the immune landscape. Its expression is associated with improved survival outcomes and distinct genomic features, positioning it as a potential therapeutic target and predictor of immunotherapy efficacy.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang S, Wang W and Zeng J: Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response. Mol Med Rep 31: 41, 2025.
APA
Wang, S., Wang, W., & Zeng, J. (2025). Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response. Molecular Medicine Reports, 31, 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13406
MLA
Wang, S., Wang, W., Zeng, J."Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response". Molecular Medicine Reports 31.2 (2025): 41.
Chicago
Wang, S., Wang, W., Zeng, J."Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response". Molecular Medicine Reports 31, no. 2 (2025): 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13406
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang S, Wang W and Zeng J: Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response. Mol Med Rep 31: 41, 2025.
APA
Wang, S., Wang, W., & Zeng, J. (2025). Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response. Molecular Medicine Reports, 31, 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13406
MLA
Wang, S., Wang, W., Zeng, J."Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response". Molecular Medicine Reports 31.2 (2025): 41.
Chicago
Wang, S., Wang, W., Zeng, J."Role of CALCR expression in liver cancer: Implications for the immunotherapy response". Molecular Medicine Reports 31, no. 2 (2025): 41. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13406
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