Genetic alteration of stemness factors and p53 in mouse forestomach by chemical carcinogen-induced carcinogenesis

  • Authors:
    • Kazuyoshi Yamamoto
    • Hideshi Ishii
    • Jeong-Ho Moon
    • Naotsugu  Haraguchi
    • Yuichiro Doki
    • Masaki Mori
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: March 13, 2012     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2012.642
  • Pages: 1216-1220
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )


Abstract

The expression profiles of genes normally enriched in embryonic stem (ES) cells (stemness factors) are associated with poor clinical outcome in solid tumors. However, whether such gene expression is responsible for tumor initiation and progression remains to be determined. The tumor suppressor gene p53 is known to attenuate the expression of Nanog, which is essential for maintaining stem cells in response to DNA damage. On the basis of these findings, we hypothesized that stemness factors and p53 closely correlate with each other and form a network in response to genomic damage in the early phase of carcinogenesis and in the process of tumor progression. In this study, we applied the N-methylbenzylnitrosoamine (NMBA)‑induced carcino­genesis model to the mouse forestomach to clarify the role of the stemness factors, c-Myc, Klf4, Sox2, Oct3/4 and Nanog, in cancer development using p53(+/+) (n=26) and p53(+/-) (n=11) C57BL/6J mice. Thirty weeks following NMBA administration, histologically evident squamous cell carcinoma was detected in the forestomachs of p53(+/+) mice, and the percentage of p53-positive nuclei in the forestomach epithelium gradually increased during carcinogenesis. Tumor development in p53(+/-) mice occurred significantly earlier than in p53(+/+) mice. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed a reduced c-Myc and Klf4 expression before evident morphological changes were observed, and an increased expression with the development of squamous cell carcinoma. Sox2 expression remained unchanged until tumor development and increased with the appearance of squamous cell carcinomas. The expression of Oct3/4 and Nanog increased at the early stages following NMBA administration, and Nanog expression in situ was not positively affected by the deficiency of p53. Findings of the present study suggested that Oct3/4 may be involved in the progression of carcinogenesis from normal epithelial cells at early stages, suggesting the potential use of Oct3/4 as a biomarker in forestomach tumor formation at early stages of chemical carcinogenesis.
View Figures
View References

Related Articles

Journal Cover

June 2012
Volume 3 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

Sign up for eToc alerts

Recommend to Library

Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yamamoto K, Ishii H, Moon J, Haraguchi N, Doki Y and Mori M: Genetic alteration of stemness factors and p53 in mouse forestomach by chemical carcinogen-induced carcinogenesis. Oncol Lett 3: 1216-1220, 2012
APA
Yamamoto, K., Ishii, H., Moon, J., Haraguchi, N., Doki, Y., & Mori, M. (2012). Genetic alteration of stemness factors and p53 in mouse forestomach by chemical carcinogen-induced carcinogenesis. Oncology Letters, 3, 1216-1220. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2012.642
MLA
Yamamoto, K., Ishii, H., Moon, J., Haraguchi, N., Doki, Y., Mori, M."Genetic alteration of stemness factors and p53 in mouse forestomach by chemical carcinogen-induced carcinogenesis". Oncology Letters 3.6 (2012): 1216-1220.
Chicago
Yamamoto, K., Ishii, H., Moon, J., Haraguchi, N., Doki, Y., Mori, M."Genetic alteration of stemness factors and p53 in mouse forestomach by chemical carcinogen-induced carcinogenesis". Oncology Letters 3, no. 6 (2012): 1216-1220. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2012.642