Breast cancer metastasis and the lymphatic system (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Munazzah Rahman
    • Sulma Mohammed
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: July 13, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3486
  • Pages: 1233-1239
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Abstract

Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, despite a significant decline in death rates due to early detection. The majority of cancer mortalities are due to the metastasis of tumor cells to other organs. Metastasis or tumor cell dissemination occurs via the hematogenous and lymphatic systems. For many carcinomas, the dissemination of tumor cells via lymphatic drainage of the tumor is the most common metastatic route. Such lymphatic drainage collects at the regional lymph nodes and the dissection and pathological examination of these nodes for lodged cancer cells is the gold standard procedure to detect metastasis. The present report provides an overview of the lymphatic system and its clinical significance as a prognostic factor, in addition to the interactions between the primary tumor and its microenvironment, and the influence of genomic subtypes on the resulting organ‑specific pattern of tumor cell dissemination. It also examines the seemingly protracted asymptomatic period, during which the disseminated cells remain dormant, leading to the manifestation of metastasis decades after the successful treatment of the primary tumor.
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September-2015
Volume 10 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Rahman M and Rahman M: Breast cancer metastasis and the lymphatic system (Review). Oncol Lett 10: 1233-1239, 2015
APA
Rahman, M., & Rahman, M. (2015). Breast cancer metastasis and the lymphatic system (Review). Oncology Letters, 10, 1233-1239. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3486
MLA
Rahman, M., Mohammed, S."Breast cancer metastasis and the lymphatic system (Review)". Oncology Letters 10.3 (2015): 1233-1239.
Chicago
Rahman, M., Mohammed, S."Breast cancer metastasis and the lymphatic system (Review)". Oncology Letters 10, no. 3 (2015): 1233-1239. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3486