Intracranial malignant melanoma: A report of 7 cases

Ma,Yunfeng; Gui,Qiuping; Lang,Senyang

doi:10.3892/ol.2015.3537

Intracranial malignant melanoma: A report of 7 cases

Authors:
- Yunfeng Ma
- Qiuping Gui
- Senyang Lang
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China, Department of Psychology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
Published online on: July 24, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3537
Pages: 2171-2175
Copyright: © Ma et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of intracranial malignant melanoma. For this purpose, the clinical manifestation, signs, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contents, imageology, pathological features, treatment and prognosis of 7 cases of intracranial malignant melanoma were analyzed in The Chinese PLA General Hospital (Beijing, China) from 1996 to 2013. All the melanoma cases were confirmed by histopathology, and CSF cytopathology demonstrated that there were 5 cases of primary malignant melanoma and 2 cases of secondary malignant melanoma. Among the patients, 4 presented with >1 pigmented nevus in the skin, and 1 presented with skin melanoma. Intracranial malignant melanoma mostly affects middle‑aged males. CSF cytopathology and imageology (particularly enhanced magnetic resonance), are important tools in the diagnosis of the disease. Particularly, when a patient presents with a pigmented nevus in the skin and an abnormal lesion in the brain, a diagnosis of intracranial malignant melanoma should be considered.

View Figures

View References

1	Bhandari L, Alapatt J, Govindan A and Sreekumar T: Primary cerebellopontine angle melanoma: A case report and review. Turk Neurosurg. 22:469–474. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
2	GrecoCrasto S, Soffietti R, Bradac GB and Boldorini R: Primitive cerebral melanoma: Case report and review of the literature. Surg Neurol. 55:163–168. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	Ferraresi V, Ciccarese M, Zeuli M and Cognetti F: Central nervous system as exclusive site of disease in patients with melanoma: Treatment and clinical outcome of two cases. Melanoma Res. 15:467–469. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Helseth A, Helseth E and Unsgaard G: Primary meningeal melanoma. Acta Oncol. 28:103–104. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Allcutt D, Michowiz S, Weitzman S, et al: Primary leptomeningeal melanoma: An unusually aggressive tumor in childhood. Neurosurgery. 32:721–729. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Fish LA, Friedman DI and Sadun AA: Progressive cranial polineuropathy caused by primary central nervous system melanoma. J Clin Neuroophthalmol. 10:41–44. 1990.PubMed/NCBI
7	Tarhini AA and Agarwala SS: Management of brain metastases in patients with melanoma. Curr Opin Oncol. 16:161–166. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
8	Freudenstein D, Wagner A, Bornemann A, Ernemann U, Bauer T and Duffner F: Primary melanocytic lesions of the CNS: Report of five cases. Zentralbl Neurochir. 65:146–153. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Victor M and Ropper AH: Principles of Neurology. 7th. McGraw-Hill; New York: pp. 142001
10	Shah I, Imran M, Akram R, Rafat S, Zia K and Emaduddin M: Primary intracranial malignant melanoma. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 23:157–159. 2013.PubMed/NCBI
11	Bydon A, Guttierez JA and Mahmood A: Meningeal melanocytoma: An aggressive course for a benign tumor. J Neurooncol. 64:259–263. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Rades D and Schild SE: Dose-response relationship for fractionated irradiation in the treatment of spinal meningeal melanocytomas: A review of the literature. J Neurooncol. 77:311–314. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Gibson JB, Burrows D and Weir WP: Primary melanoma of the meninges. J Pathol Bacteriol. 74:419–438. 1957. View Article : Google Scholar
14	Arantes M, Castro AF, Romão H, Meireles P, Garcia R, Honavar M, Vaz AR and Resende M: Primary pineal malignant melanoma: Case report and literature review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 113:59–64. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Pedersen M, Küsters-Vandevelde HV, Viros A, Groenen PJ, Sanchez-Laorden B, Gilhuis JH, van Engen-van Grunsven IA, Renier W, Schieving J, Niculescu-Duvaz I, et al: Primary melanoma of the CNS in children is driven by congenital expression of oncogenic NRAS in melanocytes. Cancer Discov. 3:458–469. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Küsters-Vandevelde HV, Klaasen A, Küsters B, Groenen PJ, van Engen-van Grunsven IA, van Dijk MR, Reifenberger G, Wesseling P and Blokx WA: Activating mutations of the GNAQ gene: A frequent event in primary melanocytic neoplasms of the central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol. 119:317–323. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Murali R, Wiesner T, Rosenblum MK and Bastian BC: GNAQ and GNA11 mutations in melanocytomas of the central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol. 123:457–459. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
18	Lang PG: Current concepts in the management of patients with melanoma. Am J Clin Dermatol. 3:401–426. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
19	Isiklar I, Leeds NE, Fuller GN and Kumar AJ: Intracranial metastatic melanoma: Correlation between MR imaging characteristics and melanin content. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 165:1503–1512. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
20	Chen CJ, Hsu YI, Ho YS, et al: Intracranial meningeal melanocytoma: CT and MRI. Neuroradiology. 39:811–814. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
21	Lee HJ, Ahn BC, Hwang SW, Cho SK, Kim HW, Lee SW, Hwang JH and Lee J: F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT and post hoc PET/MRI in a case of primary meningeal melanomatosis. Korean J Radiol. 14:343–349. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
22	Williams HR, Oliver NS, Murphy F, Howell M, Badman MK, Hillson RM and Thomas DJ: The role of the biochemistry department in the diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy. Ann Clin Biochem Mar. 41:162–165. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar
23	Liubinas SV, Maartens N and Drummond KJ: Primary melanocytic neoplasms of the central nervous system. J Clin Neurosci. 17:1227–1232. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
24	Chu WC, Lee V, Chan YL, Shing MM, Chik KW, Li CK and Ma KC: Neurocutaneous melanomatosis with a rapidly deteriorating course. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 24:287–290. 2003.PubMed/NCBI
25	Faillace WJ, Okawara SH and McDonald JV: Neurocutaneous melanosis with extensive intracerebral and spinal cord involvement. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg. 61:782–785. 1984. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
26	Rades D, Schild SE, Tatagiba M, Molina HA and Alberti W: Therapy of meningeal melanocytomas. Cancer. 100:2442–2447. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
27	Roser F, Nakamura M, Brandis A, Hans V, Vorkapic P and Samii M: Transition from meningeal melanocytoma to primary cerebral melanoma. Case report. J Neurosurg. 101:528–531. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
28	Uozumi Y, Kawano T, Kawaguchi T, Kaneko Y, Ooasa T, Ogasawara S, Yoshida H and Yoshida T: Malignant transformation of meningeal melanocytoma: A case report. Brain Tumor Pathol. 20:21–25. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
29	Wang F, Li X, Chen L and Pu X: Malignant transformation of spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg Spine. 6:451–454. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
30	Kurita H, Segawa H, Shin M, Ueki K, Ichi S, Sasaki T, Tago M and Kirino T: Radiosurgery of meningeal melanocytoma. J Neurooncol. 46:57–61. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
31	Douglas JG and Margolin K: The treatment of brain metastases from malignant melanoma. Semin Oncol. 29:518–24. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
32	Mingione V, Oliveira M, Prasad D, Steiner M and Steiner L: Gamma surgery for melanoma metastases in the brain. J Neurosurg. 96:544–551. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
33	Salpietro FM, Alafaci C, Gervasio O, La Rosa G, Baio A, Francolini DC, Batolo D and Tomasello F: Primary cervical melanoma with brain metastases. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 89:659–666. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
34	Hunder NN, Wallen H, Cao J, Hendricks DW, Reilly JZ, Rodmyre R, Jungbluth A, Gnjatic S, Thompson JA and Yee C: Treatment of metastatic melanoma with autologous CD4+ T cells against NY-ESO-1. N Engl J Med. 358:2698–2703. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI