Clinicopathological characteristics of hepatitis B surface antigen‑negative and hepatitis C antibody‑negative hepatocellular carcinoma

Iida,Hiroya; Aihara,Tsukasa; Ikuta,Shinichi; Yamanaka,Naoki

doi:10.3892/ol.2015.3562

Clinicopathological characteristics of hepatitis B surface antigen‑negative and hepatitis C antibody‑negative hepatocellular carcinoma

Authors:
- Hiroya Iida
- Tsukasa Aihara
- Shinichi Ikuta
- Naoki Yamanaka
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Surgery, Meiwa Hospital, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663‑8186, Japan
Published online on: August 4, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3562
Pages: 2233-2238

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

The present study investigated the clinicopathological characteristics of resected hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBs‑Ag)‑negative, hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV‑Ab)‑negative hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC HCC). The clinicopathological characteristics of 164 patients with NBNC HCC, 144 patients with HBs‑Ag‑positive HCC (HBV group) and 550 patients with HCV‑Ab‑positive HCC (HCV group) were compared. In the NBCN HCC group, 61 patients succumbed after 2 years. Subsequently, NBCN HCC patients were compared according to survival time (<2 years, 39 patients vs. ≥2 years, 64 patients) to identify prognostic factors. Finally, the clinicopathological characteristics of NBNC HCC were compared according to history of alcohol abuse/pathological results: non‑alcoholic steatohepatitis HCC (NASH group, 40 patients), alcohol abuse HCC (AL group, 80 patients) and other HCCs (non‑NASH/non‑AL group, 44 patients). Age, diabetes prevalence and body mass index were significantly higher for NBNC HCC compared with virus‑related HCC. Among stage II cases, the prognosis was significantly better for the NBNC compared with that for the HCV group. A high α‑fetoprotein level, poorly differentiated HCC and advanced liver fibrosis were independent risk factors for the prognosis of NBNC HCC. The proportion of female patients was significantly higher among NASH compared with AL HCC patients. The cumulative survival rates following surgery were similar in the NASH, AL and non‑NASH/non‑AL groups. NBNC HCC is considered to be a lifestyle disease, with better prognosis for stage II patients. The prognostic factors for NBNC HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy were similar to those with virus‑related HCC and did not differ according to alcohol abuse history or pathological results.

View Figures

View References

1	Ikeda K, Saitoh S, Koida I, et al: A multivariate analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinogenesis: a prospective observation of 795 patients with viral and alcoholic cirrhosis. Hepatology. 18:47–53. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Umemura T and Kiyosawa K: Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan. Hepatol Res. 37 Suppl 2:S95–S100. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	Nagaoki Y, Hyogo H, Aikata H, et al: Recent trend of clinical features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res. 42:368–375. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan, . General Rules for the Clinical and Pathological Study of Primary Liver Cancer. 2nd English Edition. Kanehara & Co., Ltd.; Tokyo: pp. 1102010
5	Abe H, Yoshizawa K, Kitahara T, Aizawa R, Matsuoka M and Aizawa Y: Etiology of non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma in the eastern district of Tokyo. J Gastroenterol. 43:967–974. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Takamatsu S, Noguchi N, Kudoh A, et al: Influence of risk factors for metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on the progression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 55:609–614. 2008.PubMed/NCBI
7	Kusakabe A, Tanaka Y, Orito E, et al: A weak association between occult HBV infection and non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan. J Gastroenterol. 42:298–305. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
8	Honda T, Miyaaki H, Ichikawa T, et al: Clinical characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients. Oncol Lett. 2:851–854. 2011.PubMed/NCBI
9	Li T, Qin LX, Gong X, et al: Hepatitis B virus surface antigen-negative and hepatitis C virus antibody-negative hepatocellular carcinoma: clinical characteristics, outcome and risk factors for early and late intrahepatic recurrence after resection. Cancer. 119:126–135. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Kaneda K, Kubo S, Tanaka H, et al: Features and outcome after liver resection for non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 59:1889–1892. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
11	Kim SK, Marusawa H, Eso Y, et al: Clinical characteristics of non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center retrospective study. Digestion. 84 Suppl 1:43–49. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Kawamura Y, Ikeda K, Arase Y, et al: Diabetes mellitus worsens the recurrence rate after potentially curative therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma associated with nonviral hepatitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 23:1739–1746. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Yamanaka N, Tanaka T, Tanaka W, et al: Correlation of hepatitis virus serologic status with clinicopathologic features in patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer. 79:1509–1515. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Yokoi Y, Suzuki S, Baba S, Inaba K, Konno H and Nakamura S: Clinicopathological features of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) arising in patients without chronic viral infection or alcohol abuse: a retrospective study of patients undergoing hepatic resection. J Gastroenterol. 40:274–282. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Kaibori M, Ishizaki M, Matsui K and Kwon AH: Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with non-B non-C hepatitis virus hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy. Am J Surg. 204:300–307. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Shinkawa H, Uenishi T, Takemura S, et al: Risk factors for postoperative recurrence of non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 17:291–295. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Nishikawa H, Osaki Y, Arimoto A, Kita R and Kimura T: Relation between antibody to hepatitis B core antigen and survival after curative therapy for non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma. Anticancer Res. 33:2211–2219. 2013.PubMed/NCBI
18	Shi Y, Wu YH, Wu W, Zhang WJ, Yang J and Chen Z: Association between occult hepatitis B infection and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Liver Int. 32:231–240. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
19	Ikeda K, Kobayashi M, Someya T, et al: Occult hepatitis B virus infection increases hepatocellular carcinogenesis by eight times in patients with non-B, non-C liver cirrhosis: a cohort study. J Viral Hepat. 16:437–443. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
20	Nakai T, Shiraishi O, Kawabe T, Ota H, Nagano H and Shiozaki H: Significance of HBV DNA in the hepatic parenchyma from patients with non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Surg. 30:1338–1343. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
21	Cescon M, Cucchetti A, Grazi GL, et al: Role of hepatitis B virus infection in the prognosis after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: a Western dual-center experience. Arch Surg. 144:906–913. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
22	Hanazaki K, Kajikawa S, Koide N, Adachi W and Amano J: Prognostic factors after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis C viral infection: univariate and multivariate analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 96:1243–1250. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
23	Yamagishi Y, Horie Y, Kajihara M, et al: Hepatocellular carcinoma in heavy drinkers with negative markers for viral hepatitis. Hepatol Res. 28:177–183. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI