Increased oncogenic microRNA-18a expression in the peripheral blood of patients with prostate cancer: A potential novel non-invasive biomarker

Al‑Kafaji,Ghada; Al-Naieb,Ziad Tariq; Bakhiet,Moiz

doi:10.3892/ol.2015.4014

Increased oncogenic microRNA-18a expression in the peripheral blood of patients with prostate cancer: A potential novel non-invasive biomarker

Authors:
- Ghada Al‑Kafaji
- Ziad Tariq Al-Naieb
- Moiz Bakhiet
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Affiliations: Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Kingdom of Bahrain, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Kingdom of Bahrain
Published online on: December 9, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.4014
Pages: 1201-1206

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Abstract

MicroRNAs have been demonstrated to be stably detectable in peripheral blood, thus representing important sources of non-invasive biomarkers of various diseases, including cancer. Recently, microRNA-18a (miR-18a) has been revealed to be highly expressed in prostate cancer (PC) tissues, acting as an oncogenic miRNA. The present study evaluated miR‑18a expression in the peripheral blood of patients with PC, patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and healthy individuals, to assess the feasibility of using peripheral blood miR‑18a as a potential non‑invasive biomarker for PC. Total RNA was extracted from peripheral whole blood samples from 24 PC patients, 24 BPH patients and 23 healthy control individuals. The expression of miR‑18a was assessed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that miR‑18a expression was significantly higher in PC patients than in BPH patients and healthy controls [fold change (mean ± standard deviation), 5.5±1.4 for PC, 1.5±0.5 for BPH and 1.2±0.6 for controls; P<0.005]. Higher miR‑18a expression was strongly associated with PC [odds ratio (OR), 4.602; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.194‑9.654; P=0.001], but was not significantly associated with BPH (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.7‑2.02; P=0.332). Despite the small number of patients, which limits the statistical power of the study, higher miR‑18a expression was observed to be significantly correlated with certain clinicopathological parameters, including Gleason score >7 and pathological tumor stage 3/4 (P<0.005). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that miR‑18a discriminated PC patients from BPH patients and healthy controls [area under the curve (AUC), 0.805; 95% CI, 0.704‑0.906). Furthermore, use of the ROC curve to discriminate PC from BPH patients yielded an AUC of 0.878 (95% CI, 0.783‑0.972). In summary, the present results indicate that miR‑18a expression is significantly increased in peripheral blood of patients with PC compared with that of BPH patients and healthy individuals, and that higher miR‑18a expression is associated with progression of PC. Peripheral blood oncogenic miR-18a may serve as a potential novel non‑invasive biomarker for PC that also facilitates discrimination between PC and BPH.

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