Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
April-2016 Volume 11 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2016 Volume 11 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

A sensitive and practical method to detect the T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor

  • Authors:
    • Jing Zhao
    • Hua‑Hua Feng
    • Jin‑Yin Zhao
    • Li‑Cheng Liu
    • Fei‑Fei Xie
    • Yan Xu
    • Min‑Jiang Chen
    • Wei Zhong
    • Long‑Yun Li
    • Han‑Ping Wang
    • Li Zhang
    • Yi Xiao
    • Wei‑Jun Chen
    • Meng‑Zhao Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, P.R. China, Beijing BGI‑GBI Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing 101300, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
  • Pages: 2573-2579
    |
    Published online on: February 23, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4263
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The current study aimed to develop a method to rapidly, sensitively and practically screen for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation. This method combines an allele-specific competitive blocker (ACB) with a TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) in a one-step reaction. Using a mimic of a human genomic DNA panel containing serially diluted mutant alleles, the performance efficacy of this method was assessed. Using this method, the EGFR T790M mutation was detected in tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-naïve samples obtained from 27 non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR‑activating mutations. The association between de novo T790M mutations and the clinical benefit of EGFR-TKI treatment was also analysed. The sensitivity of this method was as low as 0.01%. In the samples from the 27 NSCLC patients, this method identified 6 mutant patients (22.2%), which was higher than the detection rate with scorpion ARMS (0.0%). No clinical variables were associated with the occurrence of a de novo T790M mutation. The median progression‑free survival time in the TKI‑naïve patients with a T790M mutation was shorter that that of patients without the mutation, but the difference was not significant (3.2 vs. 19.5 months, respectively; P=0.256). The median overall survival time in the groups with or without T790M mutation also did not significantly differ (10 vs. 20 months, respectively; P=0.689). Overall, the ACB‑ARMS PCR method could be useful for detecting the EGFR T790M mutation in clinical samples that contain only a small number of mutant alleles. The clinical significance of a de novo T790M mutation should be further investigated.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Sequist LV, Waltman BA, Dias-Santagata D, Digumarthy S, Turke AB, Fidias P, Bergethon K, Shaw AT, Gettinger S, Cosper AK, et al: Genotypic and histological evolution of lung cancers acquiring resistance to EGFR inhibitors. Sci Transl Med. 3:75ra262011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Su KY, Chen HY, Li KC, Kuo ML, Yang JC, Chan WK, Ho BC, Chang GC, Shih JY, Yu SL and Yang PC: Pretreatment epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation predicts shorter EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor response duration in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 30:433–440. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Rosell R, Molina MA, Costa C, Simonetti S, Gimenez-Capitan A, Bertran-Alamillo J, Mayo C, Moran T, Mendez P, Cardenal F, et al: Pretreatment EGFR T790M mutation and BRCA1 mRNA expression in erlotinib-treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations. Clin Cancer Res. 17:1160–1168. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Maheswaran S, Sequist LV, Nagrath S, Ulkus L, Brannigan B, Collura CV, Inserra E, Diederichs S, Iafrate AJ, Bell DW, et al: Detection of mutations in EGFR in circulating lung-cancer cells. N Engl J Med. 359:366–377. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Fujita Y, Suda K, Kimura H, Matsumoto K, Arao T, Nagai T, Saijo N, Yatabe Y, Mitsudomi T and Nishio K: Highly sensitive detection of EGFR T790M mutation using colony hybridization predicts favorable prognosis of patients with lung cancer harboring activating EGFR mutation. J Thorac Oncol. 7:1640–1644. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Janne PA, Ramalingam SS, Yang JC, et al: Clinical activity of the mutant-selective EGFR inhibitor AZD9291 in patients (pts) with EGFR inhibitor-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol. 32(Suppl 15): 508s Abstract 80092014.

7 

Sequist LV, Soria J, Gadgeel SM, et al: First-in-human evaluation of CO-1686, an irreversible, highly selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor of mutations of EGFR (activating and T790M). J Clin Oncol. 32(Suppl 15): 508s Abstract 80102014.

8 

Kim D, Lee D, Kang J, et al: Clinical activity and safety of HM61713, an EGFR-mutant selective inhibitor, in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (pts) with EGFR mutations who had received EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). J Clin Oncol. 32(Suppl 15): 508s Abstract 80112014.

9 

He C, Zheng L, Xu Y, Liu M, Li Y and Xu J: Highly sensitive and noninvasive detection of epidermal growth factor receptor T790M mutation in non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Chim Acta. 425:119–124. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Inukai M, Toyooka S, Ito S, Asano H, Ichihara S, Soh J, Suehisa H, Ouchida M, Aoe K, Aoe M, et al: Presence of epidermal growth factor receptor gene T790M mutations as a minor clone in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res. 66:7854–7858. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Chen HJ, Mok TS, Chen ZH, Guo AL, Zhang XC, Su J and Wu YL: Clinicopathologic and molecular features of epidermal growth factor receptor T790M mutation and c-MET amplification in tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant Chinese non-small cell lung cancer. Pathol Oncol Res. 15:651–658. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Arcila ME, Oxnard GR, Nafa K, Riely GJ, Solomon SB, Zakowski MF, Kris MG, Pao W, Miller VA and Ladanyi M: Rebiopsy of lung cancer patients with acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors and enhanced detection of the T790M mutation using a locked nucleic acid-based assay. Clin Cancer Res. 17:1169–1180. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Miyazawa H, Tanaka T, Nagai Y, Matsuoka M, Huqun Sutani A, Udagawa K, Zhang J, Hirama T, Murayama Y, et al: Peptide nucleic acid-locked nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction clamp-based detection test for gefitinib-refractory T790M epidermal growth factor receptor mutation. Cancer Sci. 99:595–600. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Oh JE, An CH, Yoo NJ and Lee SH: Detection of low-level EGFR T790M mutation in lung cancer tissues. APMIS. 119:403–411. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Guha M, Castellanos-Rizaldos E and Makrigiorgos GM: Dissect method using PNA-LNA clamp improves detection of EGFR T790m mutation. PLoS One. 8:e677822013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Kuang Y, Rogers A, Yeap BY, Wang L, Makrigiorgos M, Vetrand K, Thiede S, Distel RJ and Jänne PA: Noninvasive detection of EGFR T790M in gefitinib or erlotinib resistant non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 15:2630–2636. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Li J, Wang L, Jänne PA and Makrigiorgos GM: Coamplification at lower denaturation temperature-PCR increases mutation-detection selectivity of TaqMan-based real time PCR. Clin Chem. 55:748–756. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Oh YH, Kim Y, Kim YP, Seo SW, Mitsudomi T, Ahn MJ, Park K and Kim HS: Rapid detection of the epidermal growth factor receptor mutation in non-small-cell lung cancer for analysis of acquired resistance using molecular beacons. J Mol Diagn. 12:644–652. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Taniguchi K, Uchida J, Nishino K, Kumagai T, Okuyama T, Okami J, Higashiyama M, Kodama K, Imamura F and Kato K: Quantitative detection of EGFR mutations in circulating tumor DNA derived form lung adenocarcinomas. Clin Cancer Res. 17:7808–7815. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Board RE, Thelwell NJ, Ravetto PF, Little S, Ranson M, Dive C, Hughes A and Whitcombe D: Multiplexed assays for detection of mutations in PIK3CA. Clin Chem. 54:757–760. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Goldstraw P, Crowley J, Chansky K, Giroux DJ, Groome PA, Rami-Porta R, Postmus PE, Rusch V and Sobin L: International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer International Staging Committee; Participating Institutions: The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for the revision of the TNM stage groupings in the forthcoming (seventh) edition of the TNM Classification of malignant tumours. J Thorac Oncol. 2:706–714. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Sequist LV, Martins RG, Spigel D, Grunberg SM, Spira A, Jänne PA, Joshi VA, McCollum D, Evans TL, Muzikansky A, et al: First-line gefitinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer harboring somatic EGFR mutations. J Clin Oncol. 26:2442–2449. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Kim HJ, Oh SY, Kim WS, Kim SJ, Yoo GH, Kim WD and Lee KY: Clinical investigation of EGFR mutation detection by pyrosequencing in lung cancer patients. Oncol Lett. 5:271–276. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Newton CR, Graham A, Heptinstall LE, Powell SJ, Summers C, Kalsheker N, Smith JC and Markham AF: Analysis of any point mutation in DNA. The amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). Nucleic Acids Res. 17:2503–2516. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Oxnard GR, Arcila ME, Sima CS, Riely GJ, Chmielecki J, Kris MG, Pao W, Ladanyi M and Miller VA: Acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in EGFR-mutant lung cancer: Distinct natural history of patients with tumors harboring the T790M mutation. Clin Cancer Res. 17:1616–1622. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Bai H, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhuo M, Zhou Q, Duan J, Yang L, Wu M, An T, Zhao J and Wang J: Detection and clinical significance of intratumoral EGFR mutational heterogeneity in Chinese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One. 8:e541702013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Kim HR, Cho BC, Shim HS, Lim SM, Kim SK, Chang J, Kim DJ and Kim JH: Prediction for response duration to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in EGFR mutated never smoker lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer. 83:374–782. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Hata A, Katakami N, Yoshioka H, Takeshita J, Tanaka K, Nanjo S, Fujita S, Kaji R, Imai Y, Monden K, et al: Rebiopsy of non-small cell lung cancer patients with acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor: Comparison between T790M mutation-positive and mutation-negative populations. Cancer. 119:4325–4332. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Lee Y, Lee GK, Lee YS, Zhang W, Hwang JA, Nam BH, Kim SH, Kim JH, Yun T, Han JY, et al: Clinical outcome according to the level of preexisting epidermal growth factor receptor T790M mutation in patients with lung cancer harboring sensitive epidermal growth factor receptor mutations. Cancer. 120:2090–2098. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Chmielecki J, Foo J, Oxnard GR, Hutchinson K, Ohashi K, Somwar R, Wang L, Amato KR, Arcila M, Sos ML, et al: Optimization of dosing for EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer with evolutionary cancer modeling. Sci Transl Med. 3:90ra592011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhao J, Feng HH, Zhao JY, Liu LC, Xie FF, Xu Y, Chen MJ, Zhong W, Li LY, Wang HP, Wang HP, et al: A sensitive and practical method to detect the T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor. Oncol Lett 11: 2573-2579, 2016.
APA
Zhao, J., Feng, H., Zhao, J., Liu, L., Xie, F., Xu, Y. ... Wang, M. (2016). A sensitive and practical method to detect the T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor. Oncology Letters, 11, 2573-2579. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4263
MLA
Zhao, J., Feng, H., Zhao, J., Liu, L., Xie, F., Xu, Y., Chen, M., Zhong, W., Li, L., Wang, H., Zhang, L., Xiao, Y., Chen, W., Wang, M."A sensitive and practical method to detect the T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor". Oncology Letters 11.4 (2016): 2573-2579.
Chicago
Zhao, J., Feng, H., Zhao, J., Liu, L., Xie, F., Xu, Y., Chen, M., Zhong, W., Li, L., Wang, H., Zhang, L., Xiao, Y., Chen, W., Wang, M."A sensitive and practical method to detect the T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor". Oncology Letters 11, no. 4 (2016): 2573-2579. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4263
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhao J, Feng HH, Zhao JY, Liu LC, Xie FF, Xu Y, Chen MJ, Zhong W, Li LY, Wang HP, Wang HP, et al: A sensitive and practical method to detect the T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor. Oncol Lett 11: 2573-2579, 2016.
APA
Zhao, J., Feng, H., Zhao, J., Liu, L., Xie, F., Xu, Y. ... Wang, M. (2016). A sensitive and practical method to detect the T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor. Oncology Letters, 11, 2573-2579. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4263
MLA
Zhao, J., Feng, H., Zhao, J., Liu, L., Xie, F., Xu, Y., Chen, M., Zhong, W., Li, L., Wang, H., Zhang, L., Xiao, Y., Chen, W., Wang, M."A sensitive and practical method to detect the T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor". Oncology Letters 11.4 (2016): 2573-2579.
Chicago
Zhao, J., Feng, H., Zhao, J., Liu, L., Xie, F., Xu, Y., Chen, M., Zhong, W., Li, L., Wang, H., Zhang, L., Xiao, Y., Chen, W., Wang, M."A sensitive and practical method to detect the T790M mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor". Oncology Letters 11, no. 4 (2016): 2573-2579. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4263
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team