Bladder and vaginal transitional cell carcinoma: A case report

Aoun,Fouad; Kourie,Hampig  Raphael; El Rassy,Elie; van Velthoven,Roland

doi:10.3892/ol.2016.4894

Bladder and vaginal transitional cell carcinoma: A case report

Authors:
- Fouad Aoun
- Hampig Raphael Kourie
- Elie El Rassy
- Roland van Velthoven
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Urology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1000, Belgium
Published online on: July 20, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4894
Pages: 2181-2183

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

The involvement of the female genital tract in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) has not been fully elucidated in women, although involvement is usually associated with a poor prognosis. The vagina, in particular, is considered to be the most commonly affected gynecological organ, with an incidence of 4% of total TCC cases. The pathogenesis of vaginal TCC is challenging to determine, although it is essential for the adequate management of the tumor and to determine the appropriate treatment. The present study reports a case of bladder TCC and metachronous vaginal TCC. The patient had a history of high risk non muscle invasive bladder cancer treated by BCG and presented with a recurrent carcinoma in situ. A novel cycle of BCG was initiated but the patient had a persistent disease and a palpable mass on bimanual examination. Radical anterior pelvectomy and bilateral pelvic and inguinal lymph node dissection was performed revealing the presence of TCC of the bladder neck and the invasion into the anterior vaginal wall. The differences between local vaginal invasion and the metastatic spread from a primary bladder TCC, the occurrence of a second primary vaginal tumor and the direct implantation of TCC via urine that contains transitional cancer cells were reviewed and analyzed. Finally, a management plan was determined.

View Figures

View References

1	American Cancer Society: Cancer Facts & Figures 2014. American Cancer Society. Atlanta, GA: 2014.
2	Hayne D, Arya M, Quinn MJ, Babb PJ, Beacock CJ and Patel HR: Current trends in bladder cancer in England and Wales. J Urol. 172:1051–1055. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	American Cancer Society: What are the key statistics about bladder cancer? http://www.cancer.org/cancer/bladdercancer/detailedguide/bladder-cancer-key-statisticsAccessed. December 3–2014
4	Salem H and El-Mazny A: Primary and secondary malignant involvement of gynaecological organs at radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: Review of literature and retrospective analysis of 360 cases. J Obstet Gynaecol. 32:590–593. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Djaladat H, Bruins HM, Miranda G, Cai J, Skinner EC and Daneshmand S: Reproductive organ involvement in female patients undergoing radical cystectomy for urothelial bladder cancer. J Urol. 188:2134–2138. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	World Medical Association General Assembly: World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects (revised October 7, 2000). HIV Clin Trials. 2:92–95. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Chen ME, Pisters LL, Malpica A, Pettaway CA and Dinney CP: Risk of urethral, vaginal and cervical involvement in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: Results of a contemporary cystectomy series from M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. J Urol. 157:2120–2123. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
8	Black PC, Dinney CPN, Brown GA, Kassouf W, Siefker-Radtke AO, Munsell MF, Grossman HB and Kamat AM: The role of radical cystectomy in patients with clinical T4b bladder cancer. Urol Oncol. 29:157–161. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Reyes MC, Park KJ, Lin O, Ioffe O, Isacson C, Soslow RA, Reuter VE and Fine SW: Urothelial carcinoma involving the gynecologic tract: A morphologic and immunohistochemical study of 6 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 36:1058–1065. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Kaneko G, Kikuchi E, Hasegawa M, Miyajima A, Nakagawa K, Kameyama K and Oya M: Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with concomitant vaginal urothelial carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature. Int J Clin Oncol. 15:626–630. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Patrelli TS, Silini EM, Berretta R, Thai E, Gizzo S, Modena Bacchi A and Nardelli GB: Squamotransitional cell carcinoma of the vagina: diagnosis and clinical management: A literature review starting from a rare case report. Pathol Oncol Res POR. 17:149–153. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Gao Z, Bhuiya T and Falkowski O: Papillary squamotransitional cell carcinoma of the vagina: A case report and review of literature. J Obstet Gynaecol. 25:94–96. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Del Gobbo A, Patriarca C, Campo B and Giunta P: Primary urothelial cell carcinoma of the vagina. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 115:292–293. 2011.PubMed/NCBI
14	Jendresen MB, Kvist E and Glenthøj A: Papillary transitional cell tumour in the vagina. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 31:107–108. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Singer G, Hohl MK, Hering F and Anabitarte M: Transitional cell carcinoma of the vagina with pagetoid spread pattern. Hum Pathol. 29:299–301. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Riedel I, Czernobilsky B, Lifschitz-Mercer B, Roth LM, Wu XR, Sun TT and Moll R: Brenner tumors but not transitional cell carcinomas of the ovary show urothelial differentiation: Immunohistochemical staining of urothelial markers, including cytokeratins and uroplakins. Virchows Arch. 438:181–191. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Hermanova M, Vitezslav V, Husicka R, Neumanova R and Pacik D: Multicentric transitional cell carcinoma of the vagina and the ureter. Ann Diagn Pathol. 12:365–367. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
18	Bulbul MA, Kaspar H, Nasr R and Khalil A: Urothelial carcinoma of the vagina six years following cystectomy for invasive cancer. A case report. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 20:233–234. 1999.PubMed/NCBI
19	Okada Y, Nishiyama H, Nakashima M, Ito N, Kinoshita H, Yamamoto S, Kamoto T and Ogawa O: A case of vaginal metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma. Hinyokika Kiyo. 50:283–286. 2004.(In Japanese). PubMed/NCBI
20	Wallmeroth A, Wagner U, Moch H, Gasser TC, Sauter G and Mihatsch MJ: Patterns of metastasis in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (pT2-4): An autopsy study on 367 patients. Urol Int. 62:69–75. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
21	Bordeau KP and Lynch DF: Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder metastatic to the penis. Urology. 63:981–983. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
22	Berger AP, Rogatsch H, Hoeltl L, Steiner H, Bartsch G and Hobisch A: Late penile metastasis from primary bladder carcinoma. Urology. 62:1452003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
23	Ohgaki K, Horiuchi K, Oka F, Sato M and Nishimura T: Vaginal metastasis of urothelial carcinoma found incidentally during transurethral resection of a bladder tumor. J Nippon Med Sch. 75:312–315. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
24	Muntener M, Schaeffer EM, Romero FR, Nielsen ME, Allaf ME, Brito FAR, Pavlovich CP, Kavoussi LR and Jarrett TW: Incidence of local recurrence and port site metastasis after laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy. Urology. 70:864–868. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
25	Tsivian A and Sidi AA: Port site metastases in urological laparoscopic surgery. J Urol. 169:1213–1218. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
26	Otani M, Irie S and Tsuji Y: Port site metastasis after laparoscopic nephrectomy: Unsuspected transitional cell carcinoma within a tuberculous atrophic kidney. J Urol. 162:486–487. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
27	Akman Y, Cam K, Kavak A and Alper M: Extensive cutaneous metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Int J Urol. 10:103–104. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
28	Kinouchi T, Hanafusa T, Kuroda M, Usami M and Kotake T: Ossified cystic metastasis of bladder tumor to abdominal wound after partial cystectomy. J Urol. 153:1049–1050. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
29	Breul J, Block T, Breidenbach H and Hartung R: Implantation metastasis after a suprapubic catheter in a case of bladder cancer. Eur Urol. 22:86–88. 1992.PubMed/NCBI
30	Sengupta S and Harewood L: Transitional cell carcinoma growing along an indwelling nephrostomy tube track. Br J Urol. 82:5911998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
31	Noordzij JW, Dabhoiwala NF, De Reijke TM and Van Den Tweel JG: Vulvar and vaginal implantation of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract. Br J Urol. 67:102–103. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
32	Ralph DJ, Chapple CR and Evans JW: Seeding of transitional cell carcinoma within the vagina. Br J Urol. 67:660–661. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
33	Kasai T, Moriyama K, Tsuji M, Uema K and Sakurai N: A case of vaginal implantation of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 92:538–541. 2001.(In Japanese). PubMed/NCBI
34	Ogiso S, Maeno A, Yamashita M, Souma T, Nakamura K and Okuno H: Micturitional disturbance due to labial adhesion as a cause of vaginal implantation of bladder urothelial carcinoma. Int J Urol. 13:1454–1455. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
35	Fetissof F, Haillot O, Lanson Y, Arbeille B and Lansac J: Papillary tumour of the vagina resembling transitional cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract. 186:358–364. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
36	Bass PS, Birch B, Smart C, Theaker JM and Wells M: Low-grade transitional cell carcinoma of the vagina - an unusual cause of vaginal bleeding. Histopathology. 24:581–583. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
37	Murai M, Nakamura H, Shinoda M, Ohashi M and Tazaki H: Vaginal metastasis from transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis in horseshoe kidney. Urology. 33:477–480. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
38	Kumar R, Kumar S and Hemal AK: Vaginal and omental metastasis from superficial bladder cancer. Urol Int. 67:117–118. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
39	Mondaini N, Giubilei G, Raspollini MR, Crisci A and Orlando V: Recurrence of vaginal implantation of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract. Gynecol Oncol. 97:669–670. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
40	Amling CL: Diagnosis and management of superficial bladder cancer. Curr Probl Cancer. 25:219–278. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
41	Chang WC, Chang YH and Pan CC: Prognostic significance in substaging of T1 urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma on transurethral resection. Am J Surg Pathol. 36:454–461. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
42	Dutta SC, Smith JA Jr, Shappell SB, Coffey CS, Chang SS and Cookson MS: Clinical under staging of high risk nonmuscle invasive urothelial carcinoma treated with radical cystectomy. J Urol. 166:490–493. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
43	Babjuk M, Burger M, Zigeuner R, Shariat SF, van Rhijn BWG, Compérat E, Sylvester RJ, Kaasinen E, Böhle A, Redorta Palou J, et al: European Association of Urology: EAU guidelines on non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: Update 2013. Eur Urol. 64:639–653. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
44	Witjes JA, Compérat E, Cowan NC, De Santis M, Gakis G, Lebret T, Ribal MJ, Van der Heijden AG and Sherif A: EAU guidelines on muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer: Summary of the 2013 guidelines. Eur Urol. 65:778–792. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI