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Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients

  • Authors:
    • Katarina Kalavska
    • Michal Chovanec
    • Miriam Zatovicova
    • Martina Takacova
    • Paulina Gronesova
    • Daniela Svetlovska
    • Magdalena Baratova
    • Vera Miskovska
    • Jana Obertova
    • Patrik Palacka
    • Jan Rajec
    • Zuzana Sycova‑Mila
    • Zuzana Cierna
    • Karol Kajo
    • Stanislav Spanik
    • Pavel Babal
    • Jozef Mardiak
    • Silvia Pastorekova
    • Michal Mego
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 811 04 Bratislava, Slovakia, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 811 04 Bratislava, Slovakia, First Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, 81 250 Bratislava, Slovakia, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia, Department of Pathology, Slovak Medical University, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia
    Copyright: © Kalavska et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 2590-2598
    |
    Published online on: August 16, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5010
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Abstract

Despite the fact that testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are one of the most chemosensitive solid tumors, a small proportion of patients fail to be cured following cisplatin‑based first line chemotherapy. Upregulation of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) in various solid tumors is associated with poor outcome. The current prospective study investigated the prognostic value of serum CA IX level in TGCTs. In total, 83 patients (16 non‑metastatic following orchiectomy with no evidence of disease, 57 metastatic chemotherapy‑naïve and 10 metastatic relapsed chemotherapy‑pretreated) starting adjuvant and/or new line of chemotherapy and 35 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Serum CA IX values were determined using an enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay, and intratumoral CA IX was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Metastatic chemotherapy‑naïve patients had significantly higher mean CA IX serum levels than healthy controls (490.6 vs. 249.6 pg/ml, P=0.005), while there was no difference in serum CA IX levels in non‑metastatic or relapsed TGCT patients compared with healthy controls. There was no significant difference in the mean serum CA IX levels between different groups of patients and between the first and second cycle of chemotherapy, nor association with patients/tumor characteristics. Serum CA IX was not prognostic for progression‑free survival [hazard ratio (HR)=0.81, P=0.730] or overall survival (HR=0.64, P=0.480). However, there was a significant association between intratumoral CA IX expression and serum CA IX concentration (rho=0.51, P=0.040). These results suggest that serum CA IX level correlates with tumor CA IX expression in TGCT patients, but fails to exhibit either a prognostic value or an association with patients/tumor characteristics.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Kalavska K, Chovanec M, Zatovicova M, Takacova M, Gronesova P, Svetlovska D, Baratova M, Miskovska V, Obertova J, Palacka P, Palacka P, et al: Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients. Oncol Lett 12: 2590-2598, 2016.
APA
Kalavska, K., Chovanec, M., Zatovicova, M., Takacova, M., Gronesova, P., Svetlovska, D. ... Mego, M. (2016). Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients. Oncology Letters, 12, 2590-2598. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5010
MLA
Kalavska, K., Chovanec, M., Zatovicova, M., Takacova, M., Gronesova, P., Svetlovska, D., Baratova, M., Miskovska, V., Obertova, J., Palacka, P., Rajec, J., Sycova‑Mila, Z., Cierna, Z., Kajo, K., Spanik, S., Babal, P., Mardiak, J., Pastorekova, S., Mego, M."Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients". Oncology Letters 12.4 (2016): 2590-2598.
Chicago
Kalavska, K., Chovanec, M., Zatovicova, M., Takacova, M., Gronesova, P., Svetlovska, D., Baratova, M., Miskovska, V., Obertova, J., Palacka, P., Rajec, J., Sycova‑Mila, Z., Cierna, Z., Kajo, K., Spanik, S., Babal, P., Mardiak, J., Pastorekova, S., Mego, M."Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients". Oncology Letters 12, no. 4 (2016): 2590-2598. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5010
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Kalavska K, Chovanec M, Zatovicova M, Takacova M, Gronesova P, Svetlovska D, Baratova M, Miskovska V, Obertova J, Palacka P, Palacka P, et al: Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients. Oncol Lett 12: 2590-2598, 2016.
APA
Kalavska, K., Chovanec, M., Zatovicova, M., Takacova, M., Gronesova, P., Svetlovska, D. ... Mego, M. (2016). Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients. Oncology Letters, 12, 2590-2598. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5010
MLA
Kalavska, K., Chovanec, M., Zatovicova, M., Takacova, M., Gronesova, P., Svetlovska, D., Baratova, M., Miskovska, V., Obertova, J., Palacka, P., Rajec, J., Sycova‑Mila, Z., Cierna, Z., Kajo, K., Spanik, S., Babal, P., Mardiak, J., Pastorekova, S., Mego, M."Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients". Oncology Letters 12.4 (2016): 2590-2598.
Chicago
Kalavska, K., Chovanec, M., Zatovicova, M., Takacova, M., Gronesova, P., Svetlovska, D., Baratova, M., Miskovska, V., Obertova, J., Palacka, P., Rajec, J., Sycova‑Mila, Z., Cierna, Z., Kajo, K., Spanik, S., Babal, P., Mardiak, J., Pastorekova, S., Mego, M."Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients". Oncology Letters 12, no. 4 (2016): 2590-2598. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5010
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