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Article Open Access

Detection of residual metastatic tumor in the brain following Gamma Knife radiosurgery using a single or a series of magnetic resonance imaging scans: An autopsy study

  • Authors:
    • Madoka Sakuramachi
    • Hiroshi Igaki
    • Masako Ikemura
    • Hideomi Yamashita
    • Kae Okuma
    • Noriyasu Sekiya
    • Yayoi Hayakawa
    • Akira Sakumi
    • Wataru Takahashi
    • Hirotaka Hasegawa
    • Masashi Fukayama
    • Keiichi Nakagawa
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113‑8655, Japan, Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104‑0045, Japan, Department of Pathology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113‑8655, Japan, Department of Radiology, New Tokyo Hospital, Matsudo, Chiba 271‑2232, Japan, Department of Radiation Therapy, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo 141‑0022, Japan, Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113‑8655, Japan
    Copyright: © Sakuramachi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 2033-2040
    |
    Published online on: June 9, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6359
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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of magnetic resonance image (MRI) for the detection of residual tumors following Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKR) for brain metastases based on autopsy cases. The study investigated two hypotheses: i) Whether a single MRI may detect the existence of a tumor; and ii) whether a series of MRIs may detect the existence of a tumor. The study is a retrospective case series in a single institution. A total of 11 brain metastases in 6 patients were treated with GKR between 2002 and 2011. Histopathological specimens from autopsy were compared with reconstructed follow‑up MRIs. The maximum diameters of the lesions on MRI series were measured, and the size changes classified. The primary sites in the patients were the kidneys (n=2), lung (n=1), breast (n=1) and colon (n=1), as well as 1 adenocarcinoma of unknown origin. The median prescribed dose for radiosurgery was 20 Gy (range, 18‑20 Gy), and median time interval between GKR and autopsy was 10 months (range, 1.6‑20 months). The pathological outcomes included 7 remissions and 4 failures. Enhanced areas on gadolinium‑enhanced MRI contained various components: Viable tumor cells, tumor necrosis, hemorrhage, inflammation and vessels. Regarding the first hypothesis, it was impossible to distinguish pathological failure from remission with a single MRI scan due to the presence of various components. Conversely, in treatment response (remission or failure), on time‑volume curves of MRI scans were in agreement with pathological findings, with the exception of progressive disease in the acute phase (0‑3 months). Thus, regarding the second hypothesis, time‑volume curves were useful for predicting treatment responses. In conclusion, it was difficult to predict treatment response using a single MRI, and a series of MRI scans were required to detect the existence of a tumor.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Sakuramachi M, Igaki H, Ikemura M, Yamashita H, Okuma K, Sekiya N, Hayakawa Y, Sakumi A, Takahashi W, Hasegawa H, Hasegawa H, et al: Detection of residual metastatic tumor in the brain following Gamma Knife radiosurgery using a single or a series of magnetic resonance imaging scans: An autopsy study. Oncol Lett 14: 2033-2040, 2017.
APA
Sakuramachi, M., Igaki, H., Ikemura, M., Yamashita, H., Okuma, K., Sekiya, N. ... Nakagawa, K. (2017). Detection of residual metastatic tumor in the brain following Gamma Knife radiosurgery using a single or a series of magnetic resonance imaging scans: An autopsy study. Oncology Letters, 14, 2033-2040. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6359
MLA
Sakuramachi, M., Igaki, H., Ikemura, M., Yamashita, H., Okuma, K., Sekiya, N., Hayakawa, Y., Sakumi, A., Takahashi, W., Hasegawa, H., Fukayama, M., Nakagawa, K."Detection of residual metastatic tumor in the brain following Gamma Knife radiosurgery using a single or a series of magnetic resonance imaging scans: An autopsy study". Oncology Letters 14.2 (2017): 2033-2040.
Chicago
Sakuramachi, M., Igaki, H., Ikemura, M., Yamashita, H., Okuma, K., Sekiya, N., Hayakawa, Y., Sakumi, A., Takahashi, W., Hasegawa, H., Fukayama, M., Nakagawa, K."Detection of residual metastatic tumor in the brain following Gamma Knife radiosurgery using a single or a series of magnetic resonance imaging scans: An autopsy study". Oncology Letters 14, no. 2 (2017): 2033-2040. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6359
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Sakuramachi M, Igaki H, Ikemura M, Yamashita H, Okuma K, Sekiya N, Hayakawa Y, Sakumi A, Takahashi W, Hasegawa H, Hasegawa H, et al: Detection of residual metastatic tumor in the brain following Gamma Knife radiosurgery using a single or a series of magnetic resonance imaging scans: An autopsy study. Oncol Lett 14: 2033-2040, 2017.
APA
Sakuramachi, M., Igaki, H., Ikemura, M., Yamashita, H., Okuma, K., Sekiya, N. ... Nakagawa, K. (2017). Detection of residual metastatic tumor in the brain following Gamma Knife radiosurgery using a single or a series of magnetic resonance imaging scans: An autopsy study. Oncology Letters, 14, 2033-2040. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6359
MLA
Sakuramachi, M., Igaki, H., Ikemura, M., Yamashita, H., Okuma, K., Sekiya, N., Hayakawa, Y., Sakumi, A., Takahashi, W., Hasegawa, H., Fukayama, M., Nakagawa, K."Detection of residual metastatic tumor in the brain following Gamma Knife radiosurgery using a single or a series of magnetic resonance imaging scans: An autopsy study". Oncology Letters 14.2 (2017): 2033-2040.
Chicago
Sakuramachi, M., Igaki, H., Ikemura, M., Yamashita, H., Okuma, K., Sekiya, N., Hayakawa, Y., Sakumi, A., Takahashi, W., Hasegawa, H., Fukayama, M., Nakagawa, K."Detection of residual metastatic tumor in the brain following Gamma Knife radiosurgery using a single or a series of magnetic resonance imaging scans: An autopsy study". Oncology Letters 14, no. 2 (2017): 2033-2040. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6359
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