Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
September-2017 Volume 14 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2017 Volume 14 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

A cytokine signal inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis enhances cancer metastasis via depletion of NK cells in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model of colon cancer

  • Authors:
    • Hideki Shimaoka
    • Shinsuke Takeno
    • Kenji Maki
    • Takahide Sasaki
    • Suguru Hasegawa
    • Yuichi Yamashita
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jyounan, Fukuoka 814‑0180, Japan
  • Pages: 3019-3027
    |
    Published online on: June 23, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6473
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Current therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) relies on global suppression of the immune response or specific blockade of inflammatory cytokines. However, it is unclear how immunosuppressants affect patients with cancer. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of three biological agents, tofacitinib, anti‑mouse IL‑6 receptor antibody (MR16‑1) and etanercept, which are used for the treatment of RA diseases, on a tumor‑bearing mouse model was investigated. The effect of the three agents was examined using a mouse lung‑metastasis model with the murine colon 26 cancer cell line. Lymphocyte subsets and natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood and spleen were analyzed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and the number of lung surface nodules was examined. In the continuous tofacitinib administration (15 mg/kg/day) group, the number of lung surface nodules was significantly increased compared with that of the vehicle‑treated group (vehicle, 1.20±0.58; tofacitinib, 35.6±10.81; P<0.01). NK cell number in the blood and spleen of tofacitinib‑treated mice was decreased 10‑fold, and the percentage of cluster of differentiation (CD)11+CD27‑ NK cells was significantly reduced. MR16‑1 [8 mg/mouse; once a week; intraperitoneal (i.p.)] or etanercept (1 mg/mouse; 3 times a week; i.p.) treatment did not affect the number of NK cells or lung metastasis. In the present study, immunosuppressants that target cytokines, including tofacitinib, were demonstrated to inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of NK cells, and exhibit the potential to promote cancer metastasis using a mouse model of lung metastasis.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Whiteside TL and Herberman RB: The role of natural killer cells in immune surveillance of cancer. Curr Opin Immunol. 7:704–710. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Hanna N and Burton RC: Definitive evidence that natural killer (NK) cells inhibit experimental tumor metastases in vivo. J Immunol. 127:1754–1758. 1981.PubMed/NCBI

3 

Kelly SA, Gschmeissner S, East N and Balkwill FR: Enhancement of metastatic potential by gamma-interferon. Cancer Res. 51:4020–4027. 1991.PubMed/NCBI

4 

Mailloux AW, Clark AM and Young MR: NK depletion results in increased CCL22 secretion and Treg levels in Lewis lung carcinoma via the accumulation of CCL22-secreting CD11b+CD11c+ cells. Int J Cancer. 127:2598–2611. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Yano S, Nishioka Y, Izumi K, Tsuruo T, Tanaka T, Miyasaka M and Sone S: Novel metastasis model of human lung cancer in SCID mice depleted of NK cells. Int J Cancer. 67:211–217. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Coca S, Perez-Piqueras J, Martinez D, Colmenarejo A, Saez MA, Vallejo C, Martos JA and Moreno M: The prognostic significance of intratumoral natural killer cells in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Cancer. 79:2320–2328. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Ishigami S, Natsugoe S, Tokuda K, Nakajo A, Che X, Iwashige H, Aridome K, Hokita S and Aikou T: Prognostic value of intratumoral natural killer cells in gastric carcinoma. Cancer. 88:577–583. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Bos R and Sherman LA: CD4+ T-cell help in the tumor milieu is required for recruitment and cytolytic function of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Cancer Res. 70:8368–8377. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Schild HJ, Kyewski B, von Hoegen P and Schirrmacher V: CD4+ helper T cells are required for resistance to a highly metastatic murine tumor. Eur J Immunol. 17:1863–1866. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Funada Y, Noguchi T, Kikuchi R, Takeno S, Uchida Y and Gabbert HE: Prognostic significance of CD8+ T cell and macrophage peritumoral infiltration in colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep. 10:309–313. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

11 

Waldburger JM and Firestein GS: Garden of therapeutic delights: New targets in rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Res Ther. 11:2062009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Siebert S, Tsoukas A, Robertson J and McInnes I: Cytokines as therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Rev. 67:280–309. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Emery P, Breedveld F, van der Heijde D, Ferraccioli G, Dougados M, Robertson D, Pedersen R, Koenig AS and Freundlich B; Combination of Methotrexate and Etanercept in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial Group, : Two-year clinical and radiographic results with combination etanercept-methotrexate therapy versus monotherapy in early rheumatoid arthritis: A two-year, double-blind, randomized study. Arthritis Rheum. 62:674–682. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Genovese MC, Rubbert-Roth A, Smolen JS, Kremer J, Khraishi M, Gómez-Reino J, Sebba A, Pilson R, Williams S and Van Vollenhoven R: Longterm safety and efficacy of tocilizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cumulative analysis of up to 4.6 years of exposure. J Rheumatol. 40:768–780. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Lundquist LM, Cole SW and Sikes ML: Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. World J Orthop. 5:504–511. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

van Vollenhoven RF, Fleischmann R, Cohen S, Lee EB, García Meijide JA, Wagner S, Forejtova S, Zwillich SH, Gruben D, Koncz T, et al: Tofacitinib or adalimumab versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 367:508–519. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Fujimoto M, Serada S, Mihara M, Uchiyama Y, Yoshida H, Koike N, Ohsugi Y, Nishikawa T, Ripley B, Kimura A, et al: Interleukin-6 blockade suppresses autoimmune arthritis in mice by the inhibition of inflammatory Th17 responses. Arthritis Rheum. 58:3710–3719. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Milici AJ, Kudlacz EM, Audoly L, Zwillich S and Changelian P: Cartilage preservation by inhibition of Janus kinase 3 in two rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 10:R142008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Takagi N, Mihara M, Moriya Y, Nishimoto N, Yoshizaki K, Kishimoto T, Takeda Y and Ohsugi Y: Blockage of interleukin-6 receptor ameliorates joint disease in murine collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 41:2117–2121. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Okazaki M, Yamada Y, Nishimoto N, Yoshizaki K and Mihara M: Characterization of anti-mouse interleukin-6 receptor antibody. Immunol Lett. 84:231–240. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Conklyn M, Andresen C, Changelian P and Kudlacz E: The JAK3 inhibitor CP-690550 selectively reduces NK and CD8+ cell numbers in cynomolgus monkey blood following chronic oral dosing. J Leukoc Biol. 76:1248–1255. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Kudlacz E, Perry B, Sawyer P, Conklyn M, McCurdy S, Brissette W, Flanagan And M and Changelian P: The novel JAK-3 inhibitor CP-690550 is a potent immunosuppressive agent in various murine models. Am J Transplant. 4:51–57. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Sonomoto K, Yamaoka K, Kubo S, Hirata S, Fukuyo S, Maeshima K, Suzuki K, Saito K and Tanaka Y: Effects of tofacitinib on lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis: Relation to efficacy and infectious adverse events. Rheumatology (Oxford). 53:914–918. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

U.S. Food and Drug Administration, . Advisory Committee meeting. Tofacitinib for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (NDA 203214). Pfizer Inc.; 2012

25 

Ando T, Ito H, Arioka Y, Ogiso H and Seishima M: Combination therapy with α-galactosylceramide and a Toll-like receptor agonist exerts an augmented suppressive effect on lung tumor metastasis in a mouse model. Oncol Rep. 33:826–832. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

26 

Mlecnik B, Tosolini M, Kirilovsky A, Berger A, Bindea G, Meatchi T, Bruneval P, Trajanoski Z, Fridman WH, Pagès F and Galon J: Histopathologic-based prognostic factors of colorectal cancers are associated with the state of the local immune reaction. J Clin Oncol. 29:610–618. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Lodolce JP, Boone DL, Chai S, Swain RE, Dassopoulos T, Trettin S and Ma A: IL-15 receptor maintains lymphoid homeostasis by supporting lymphocyte homing and proliferation. Immunity. 9:669–676. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Waldmann TA: The biology of IL-15: Implications for cancer therapy and the treatment of autoimmune disorders. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 16:pp. S28–S30. 2013; View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Chiossone L, Chaix J, Fuseri N, Roth C, Vivier E and Walzer T: Maturation of mouse NK cells is a 4-stage developmental program. Blood. 113:5488–5496. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Fu B, Wang F, Sun R, Ling B, Tian Z and Wei H: CD11b and CD27 reflect distinct population and functional specialization in human natural killer cells. Immunology. 133:350–359. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Clinthorne JF, Beli E, Duriancik DM and Gardner EM: NK cell maturation and function in C57BL/6 mice are altered by caloric restriction. J Immunol. 190:712–722. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Smyth MJ, Thia KY, Cretney E, Kelly JM, Snook MB, Forbes CA and Scalzo AA: Perforin is a major contributor to NK cell control of tumor metastasis. J Immunol. 162:6658–6662. 1999.PubMed/NCBI

33 

Street SE, Cretney E and Smyth MJ: Perforin and interferon-gamma activities independently control tumor initiation, growth and metastasis. Blood. 97:192–197. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Hunter CA and Jones SA: IL-6 as a keystone cytokine in health and disease. Nat Immunol. 16:448–457. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Hodge DR, Hurt EM and Farrar WL: The role of IL-6 and STAT3 in inflammation and cancer. Eur J Cancer. 41:2502–2512. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Cifaldi L, Prencipe G, Caiello I, Bracaglia C, Locatelli F, De Benedetti F and Strippoli R: Inhibition of natural killer cell cytotoxicity by interleukin-6: Implications for the pathogenesis of macrophage activation syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol. 67:3037–3046. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Feldmann M: Development of anti-TNF therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Immunol. 2:364–371. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Brown SL, Greene MH, Gershon SK, Edwards ET and Braun MM: Tumor necrosis factor antagonist therapy and lymphoma development: Twenty-six cases reported to the Food and Drug Administration. Arthritis Rheum. 46:3151–3158. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Diak P, Siegel J, La Grenade L, Choi L, Lemery S and McMahon A: Tumor necrosis factor alpha blockers and malignancy in children: Forty-eight cases reported to the Food and drug administration. Arthritis Rheum. 62:2517–2524. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Popivanova BK, Kitamura K, Wu Y, Kondo T, Kagaya T, Kaneko S, Oshima M, Fujii C and Mukaida N: Blocking TNF-alpha in mice reduces colorectal carcinogenesis associated with chronic colitis. J Clin Invest. 118:560–570. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

41 

Choo MK, Sakurai H, Koizumi K and Saiki I: TAK1-mediated stress signaling pathways are essential for TNF-alpha-promoted pulmonary metastasis of murine colon cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 118:2758–2764. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Fichtner-Feigl S, Terabe M, Kitani A, Young CA, Fuss I, Geissler EK, Schlitt HJ, Berzofsky JA and Strober W: Restoration of tumor immunosurveillance via targeting of interleukin-13 receptor-alpha 2. Cancer Res. 68:3467–3475. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Shimaoka H, Takeno S, Maki K, Sasaki T, Hasegawa S and Yamashita Y: A cytokine signal inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis enhances cancer metastasis via depletion of NK cells in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model of colon cancer. Oncol Lett 14: 3019-3027, 2017.
APA
Shimaoka, H., Takeno, S., Maki, K., Sasaki, T., Hasegawa, S., & Yamashita, Y. (2017). A cytokine signal inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis enhances cancer metastasis via depletion of NK cells in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model of colon cancer. Oncology Letters, 14, 3019-3027. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6473
MLA
Shimaoka, H., Takeno, S., Maki, K., Sasaki, T., Hasegawa, S., Yamashita, Y."A cytokine signal inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis enhances cancer metastasis via depletion of NK cells in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model of colon cancer". Oncology Letters 14.3 (2017): 3019-3027.
Chicago
Shimaoka, H., Takeno, S., Maki, K., Sasaki, T., Hasegawa, S., Yamashita, Y."A cytokine signal inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis enhances cancer metastasis via depletion of NK cells in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model of colon cancer". Oncology Letters 14, no. 3 (2017): 3019-3027. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6473
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Shimaoka H, Takeno S, Maki K, Sasaki T, Hasegawa S and Yamashita Y: A cytokine signal inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis enhances cancer metastasis via depletion of NK cells in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model of colon cancer. Oncol Lett 14: 3019-3027, 2017.
APA
Shimaoka, H., Takeno, S., Maki, K., Sasaki, T., Hasegawa, S., & Yamashita, Y. (2017). A cytokine signal inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis enhances cancer metastasis via depletion of NK cells in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model of colon cancer. Oncology Letters, 14, 3019-3027. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6473
MLA
Shimaoka, H., Takeno, S., Maki, K., Sasaki, T., Hasegawa, S., Yamashita, Y."A cytokine signal inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis enhances cancer metastasis via depletion of NK cells in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model of colon cancer". Oncology Letters 14.3 (2017): 3019-3027.
Chicago
Shimaoka, H., Takeno, S., Maki, K., Sasaki, T., Hasegawa, S., Yamashita, Y."A cytokine signal inhibitor for rheumatoid arthritis enhances cancer metastasis via depletion of NK cells in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model of colon cancer". Oncology Letters 14, no. 3 (2017): 3019-3027. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6473
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team