Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
December-2017 Volume 14 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
December-2017 Volume 14 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in malignant pleural effusion induced by non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma

  • Authors:
    • Zhen Wang
    • Yan‑Bing Wu
    • Li‑Li Xu
    • Mu‑Lan Jin
    • Xiao‑Li Diao
    • Xiao‑Juan Wang
    • Zhao‑Hui Tong
    • Huan‑Zhong Shi
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
  • Pages: 8092-8099
    |
    Published online on: October 19, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.7226
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) appears in up to 20% of patients with non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of medical thoracoscopy (MT) in the diagnosis of patients with MPE induced by NHL. Between July 2005 and June 2014, 833 patients with pleural effusions of unknown etiology underwent MT in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (Beijing, China), where diagnostic thoracocentesis or/and blind pleural biopsy had failed to yield an answer. Demographic, radiographic, thoracoscopic, histological and immunophenotyping data of 10 NHL patients with MPE were then retrospectively analyzed. Under medical thoracoscopy, pleural nodules (in n=6 patients), hyperemia (n=5), plaque‑like lesions (n=4), pleural thickening (n=3), cellulose (n=3), ulcer (n=2), adhesion (n=2), and scattered hemorrhagic spots (n=1) were observed on the surface of parietal pleura. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of pleural biopsy samples led to a correct diagnosis of B‑cell NHL in 7 patients and T‑lymphoblastic NHL in 2 patients. Data from the present study demonstrated that pleural biopsy through MT achieved a definite diagnosis of NHL in 9 out of 10 (90%) patients with MPE induced by NHL. Therefore, MT is a useful method for diagnosing MPE induced by NHL.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Marel M, Stastny B, Melínová L, Svandová E and Light RW: Diagnosis of pleural effusions. Experience with clinical studies, 1986 to 1990. Chest. 107:1598–1603. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Johnston WW: The malignant pleural effusion. A review of cytopathologic diagnoses of 584 specimens from 472 consecutive patients. Cancer. 56:905–909. 1985. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Das DK: Serous effusions in malignant lymphomas: A review. Diagn Cytopathol. 34:335–347. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Alexandrakis MG, Passam FH, Kyriakou DS and Bouros D: Pleural effusions in hematologic malignancies. Chest. 125:1546–1555. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Hunter BD, Dhakal S, Voci S, Goldstein NP and Constine LS: Pleural effusions in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma: Clinical predictors and associations with outcome. Leuk Lymphoma. 55:1822–1826. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Wong FM, Grace WJ and Rottino A: Pleural effusions, ascites, pericardial effusions and Edema in Hodgkin's disease. Am J Med Sci. 246:678–682. 1963. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Manoharan A, Pitney WR, Schonell ME and Bader LV: Intrathoracic manifestations in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Thorax. 34:29–32. 1979. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Berkman N, Breuer R, Kramer MR and Polliack A: Pulmonary involvement in lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 20:229–237. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Cordier JF, Chailleux E, Lauque D, Reynaud-Gaubert M, Dietemann-Molard A, Dalphin JC, Blanc-Jouvan F and Loire R: Primary pulmonary lymphomas. A clinical study of 70 cases in nonimmunocompromised patients. Chest. 103:201–208. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Nador RG, Cesarman E, Chadburn A, Dawson DB, Ansari MQ, Sald J and Knowles DM: Primary effusion lymphoma: A distinct clinicopathologic entity associated with the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus. Blood. 88:645–656. 1996.PubMed/NCBI

11 

Hengge UR, Ruzicka T, Tyring SK, Stuschke M, Roggendorf M, Schwartz RA and Seeber S: Update on Kaposi's sarcoma and other HHV8 associated diseases. Part 2: Pathogenesis, Castleman's disease, and pleural effusion lymphoma. Lancet Infect Dis. 2:344–352. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Aozasa K: Pyothorax-associated lymphoma. J Clin Exp Hematop. 46:5–10. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Steiropoulos P, Kouliatsis G, Karpathiou G, Popidou M and Froudarakis ME: Rare cases of primary pleural Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Respiration. 77:459–463. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Oikonomou A, Giatromanolaki A, Margaritis D, Froudarakis M and Prassopoulos P: Primary pleural lymphoma: Plaque-like thickening of the pleura. Jpn J Radiol. 28:62–65. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Giardino A, O'Regan KN, Hargreaves J, Jagannathan J, Park D, Ramaiya N and Fisher D: Primary pleural lymphoma without associated pyothorax. J Clin Oncol. 29:e413–e415. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Wang XJ, Yang Y, Wang Z, Xu LL, Wu YB, Zhang J, Tong ZH and Shi HZ: Efficacy and safety of diagnostic thoracoscopy in undiagnosed pleural effusions. Respiration. 90:251–255. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Wang Z, Tong ZH, Li HJ, Zhao TT, Li XY, Xu LL, Luo J, Jin ML, Li RS and Wang C: Semi-rigid thoracoscopy for undiagnosed exudative pleural effusions: A comparative study. Chin Med J (Engl). 121:1384–1389. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Wang Z, Xu LL, Wu YB, Wang XJ, Yang Y, Zhang J, Tong ZH and Shi HZ: Diagnostic value and safety of medical thoracoscopy in tuberculous pleural effusion. Respir Med. 109:1188–1192. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Zelenetz AD, Abramson JS, Advani RH, Andreadis CB, Bartlett N, Bellam N, Byrd JC, Czuczman MS, Fayad LE, Glenn MJ, et al: Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 9:484–560. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Tan D, Tan SY, Lim ST, Kim SJ, Kim WS, Advani R and Kwong YL: Management of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Asia: Resource-stratified guidelines. Lancet Oncol. 14:e548–e561. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Moy MP, Levsky JM, Berko NS, Godelman A, Jain VR and Haramati LB: A new, simple method for estimating pleural effusion size on CT scans. Chest. 143:1054–1059. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Light RW, Macgregor MI, Luchsinger PC and Ball WC Jr: Pleural effusions: The diagnostic separation of transudates and exudates. Ann Intern Med. 77:507–513. 1972. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Parnell AP and Frew I: Case report: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as an encasing pleural mass. Br J Radiol. 68:926–927. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Barahona ML, Dueñas VP, Sánchez MT and Plaza BV: Case report. Primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma as a pleural mass. Br J Radiol. 84:e229–e231. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Aquino SL, Chen MY, Kuo WT and Chiles C: The CT appearance of pleural and extrapleural disease in lymphoma. Clin Radiol. 54:647–650. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Maskell NA, Gleeson FV and Davies RJ: Standard pleural biopsy versus CT-guided cutting-needle biopsy for diagnosis of malignant disease in pleural effusions: A randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 361:1326–1330. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Rahman NM, Ali NJ, Brown G, Chapman SJ, Davies RJ, Downer NJ, Gleeson FV, Howes TQ, Treasure T, Singh S, et al: Local anaesthetic thoracoscopy: British Thoracic Society Pleural Disease Guideline 2010. Thorax. 65 Suppl 2:ii54–ii60. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Celikoglu F, Teirstein AS, Krellenstein DJ and Strauchen JA: Pleural effusion in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Chest. 101:1357–1360. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Bangerter M, Hildebrand A and Griesshammer M: Immunophenotypic analysis of simultaneous specimens from different sites from the same patient with malignant lymphoma. Cytopathology. 12:168–176. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Xaubet A, Diumenjo MC, Maŕin A, Montserrat E, Estopá R, Llebaría C, Austí A and Rozman C: Characteristics and prognostic value of pleural effusions in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Eur J Respir Dis. 66:135–140. 1985.PubMed/NCBI

31 

Pietsch JB, Whitlock JA, Ford C and Kinney MC: Management of pleural effusions in children with malignant lymphoma. J Pediatr Surg. 34:635–638. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Clarkson B: Relationship between cell type, glucose concentration, and response to treatment in neoplastic effusions. Cancer. 17:914–928. 1964. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Froudarakis ME: Diagnostic work-up of pleural effusions. Respiration. 75:4–13. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Metintas M, Ak G, Dundar E, Yildirim H, Ozkan R, Kurt E, Erginel S, Alatas F and Metintas S: Medical thoracoscopy vs CT scan-guided Abrams pleural needle biopsy for diagnosis of patients with pleural effusions: A randomized, controlled trial. Chest. 137:1362–1368. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Koegelenberg CF, Bolliger CT, Theron J, Walzl G, Wright CA, Louw M and Diacon AH: Direct comparison of the diagnostic yield of ultrasound-assisted Abrams and Tru-Cut needle biopsies for pleural tuberculosis. Thorax. 65:857–862. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

He J, Gu D, Wu X, Reynolds K, Duan X, Yao C, Wang J, Chen CS, Chen J, Wildman RP, et al: Major causes of death among men and women in China. N Engl J Med. 353:1124–1134. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Haas AR, Sterman DH and Musani AI: Malignant pleural effusions: Management options with consideration of coding, billing, and a decision approach. Chest. 132:1036–1041. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Vega F, Padula A, Valbuena JR, Stancu M, Jones D and Medeiros LJ: Lymphomas involving the pleura: A clinicopathologic study of 34 cases diagnosed by pleural biopsy. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 130:1497–1502. 2006.PubMed/NCBI

39 

Bangerter M, Hildebrand A and Griesshammer M: Combined cytomorphologic and immunophenotypic analysis in the diagnostic workup of lymphomatous effusions. Acta Cytol. 45:307–312. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Matolcsy A, Nádor RG, Cesarman E and Knowles DM: Immunoglobulin VH gene mutational analysis suggests that primary effusion lymphomas derive from different stages of B cell maturation. Am J Pathol. 153:1609–1614. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Dynes MC, White EM, Fry WA and Ghahremani GG: Imaging manifestations of pleural tumors. Radiographics. 12:1191–1201. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang Z, Wu YB, Xu LL, Jin ML, Diao XL, Wang XJ, Tong ZH and Shi HZ: Diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in malignant pleural effusion induced by non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma. Oncol Lett 14: 8092-8099, 2017.
APA
Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Xu, L., Jin, M., Diao, X., Wang, X. ... Shi, H. (2017). Diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in malignant pleural effusion induced by non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma. Oncology Letters, 14, 8092-8099. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.7226
MLA
Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Xu, L., Jin, M., Diao, X., Wang, X., Tong, Z., Shi, H."Diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in malignant pleural effusion induced by non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma". Oncology Letters 14.6 (2017): 8092-8099.
Chicago
Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Xu, L., Jin, M., Diao, X., Wang, X., Tong, Z., Shi, H."Diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in malignant pleural effusion induced by non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma". Oncology Letters 14, no. 6 (2017): 8092-8099. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.7226
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang Z, Wu YB, Xu LL, Jin ML, Diao XL, Wang XJ, Tong ZH and Shi HZ: Diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in malignant pleural effusion induced by non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma. Oncol Lett 14: 8092-8099, 2017.
APA
Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Xu, L., Jin, M., Diao, X., Wang, X. ... Shi, H. (2017). Diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in malignant pleural effusion induced by non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma. Oncology Letters, 14, 8092-8099. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.7226
MLA
Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Xu, L., Jin, M., Diao, X., Wang, X., Tong, Z., Shi, H."Diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in malignant pleural effusion induced by non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma". Oncology Letters 14.6 (2017): 8092-8099.
Chicago
Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Xu, L., Jin, M., Diao, X., Wang, X., Tong, Z., Shi, H."Diagnostic value of medical thoracoscopy in malignant pleural effusion induced by non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma". Oncology Letters 14, no. 6 (2017): 8092-8099. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.7226
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team