Cytochrome C inhibits tumor growth and predicts favorable prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Liu,Zhiguo; Zhao,Xiancheng; Zhang,Liang; Pei,Bing

doi:10.3892/ol.2019.10989

Cytochrome C inhibits tumor growth and predicts favorable prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Authors:
- Zhiguo Liu
- Xiancheng Zhao
- Liang Zhang
- Bing Pei
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Affiliations: Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian Branch Jiangsu Province Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China, Department of Urinary Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian Branch Jiangsu Province Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China, Department of Nephrology, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian Branch Jiangsu Province Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian Branch Jiangsu Province Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
Published online on: October 14, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10989
Pages: 6026-6032
Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Cytochrome C (Cyto C), a multifunctional enzyme, has been demonstrated to be associated with cell apoptosis and respiration. Accumulating evidence has revealed that serum Cyto C is an effective indicator in evaluating the effect of chemotherapy. However, to the best of our knowledge, the clinical significance of Cyto C and its role in cell growth and apoptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) remain unknown. In the present study, Cyto C expression was detected in 150 CCRCC and 30 normal tissues samples via immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that Cyto C protein expression levels in CCRCC tissues were downregulated compared with those in corresponding normal tissues. In addition, it was revealed that Cyto C expression was negatively associated with TNM stage. Further analyses revealed that patients with CCRCC and low Cyto C expression levels had a shorter survival time than those with high Cyto C expression. Multivariate analyses indicated that high Cyto C expression levels were an independent prognostic factor for survival. Functionally, overexpression of Cyto C effectively suppressed the growth of CCRCC cells and induced cell apoptosis, and knockdown of Cyto C reversed these effects. Finally, overexpression of Cyto C inhibited the tumor growth of CCRCC cells in vivo. Overall, the data of the present study indicated that Cyto C may be a novel prognostic biomarker and acted as a regulator of tumor growth in CCRCC.

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