Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
March-2019 Volume 17 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March-2019 Volume 17 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Hydroxyl safflower yellow A regulates the tumor immune microenvironment to produce an anticancer effect in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Yicong Ma
    • Cuiling Feng
    • Jingjing Wang
    • Ziwei Chen
    • Peng Wei
    • Angran Fan
    • Xu Wang
    • Xue Yu
    • Dongyu Ge
    • Hua Xie
    • Li Liu
    • Qian Zhang
    • Xu‑Hui Li
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314006, P.R. China
  • Pages: 3503-3510
    |
    Published online on: January 18, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.9946
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious threat to human health. Chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin are widely used in cancer treatment, but can cause severe side effects. Hydroxyl safflower yellow A (HSYA) is a water‑soluble chalcone glycoside substance extracted from safflowers (Carthamus tinctorius L.) that has been reported to inhibit tumor growth with few side effects. The tumor immune microenvironment is crucial for the proliferation and invasiveness of tumor cells, and it is mediated by forkhead box P3‑positive (FOXP3+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) and retinoic acid receptor‑related orphan receptor‑γ (RORγ)‑expressing Th17 cells. FOXP3+ Tregs inhibit immunoreaction and FOXP3 is a key indicator of Tregs. RORγ isoform 2, also known as RORγt, is an important transcription factor in Th17 cells that may promote cancer progression. In the present study, the antitumor effect of HSYA on HCC was investigated, as well as its impact on the tumor immune microenvironment. Following the establishment of a mouse model for HCC, hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to observe histological changes in liver tumors, and the spleen and thymus were weighed to calculate the spleen and thymus indexes. The proportion of FOXP3+ Tregs in the spleen was determined by flow cytometry, and expression levels of Foxp3 and Rorγt were examined by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The results of the present study showed that cisplatin inhibited tumor growth, caused weight loss and reduced the immunoreactivity of the mice. HSYA inhibited tumor growth without causing significant weight loss. The proportion of FOXP3‑expressing Tregs in the spleen and the expression of Foxp3 and Rorγt mRNA decreased following treatment with certain doses of HSYA. In conclusion, HSYA inhibited tumor growth without detrimental effects on the weight of the mice, indicating that HSYA may be suitable as a novel therapy for HCC patients.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Yang JD, Nakamura I and Roberts LR: The tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status and therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol. 21:35–43. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Luo P, Yin P, Hua R, Tan Y, Li Z, Qiu G, Yin Z, Xie X, Wang X, Chen W, et al: A Large-scale, multicenter serum metabolite biomarker identification study for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 28–Sep;2017.(Epub ahead of print).

3 

Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J and Pisani P: Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 55:74–108. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C and Parkin DM: Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 127:2893–2917. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Chen JG: Trends in the incidence of liver cancer and its primary prevention in China. J Clin Hepatol. 28:256–260. 2012.

6 

Bruix J and Sherman M; American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, : Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: An update. Hepatology. 53:1020–1022. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Karaman B, Battal B, Sari S and Verim S: Hepatocellular carcinoma review: Current treatment, and evidence-based medicine. World J Gastroenterol. 20:18059–18060. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Greten TF, Wang XW and Korangy F: Current concepts of immune based treatments for patients with HCC: From basic science to novel treatment approaches. Gut. 64:842–848. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Mbeunkui F and Johann DJ Jr: Cancer and the tumor microenvironment: A review of an essential relationship. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 63:571–582. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Fritz JM, Dwyer-Nield LD and Malkinson AM: Stimulation of neoplastic mouse lung cell proliferation by alveolar macrophage-derived, insulin-like growth factor-1 can be blocked by inhibiting MEK and PI3K activation. Mol Cancer. 10:762011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Liu J, Zhang H, Jia L and Sun H: Effects of Treg cells and IDO on human epithelial ovarian cancer cells under hypoxic conditions. Mol Med Rep. 11:1708–1714. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Mathai AM, Kapadia MJ, Alexander J, Kernochan LE, Swanson PE and Yeh MM: Role of Foxp3-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the histologic features and clinical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 36:980–986. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Castro G, Liu X, Ngo K, De Leon-Tabaldo A, Zhao S, Luna-Roman R, Yu J, Cao T, Kuhn R, Wilkinson P, et al: RORγt and RORα signature genes in human Th17 cells. PLoS One. 12:e01818682017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Liao R, Sun J, Wu H, Yi Y, Wang JX, He HW, Cai XY, Zhou J, Cheng YF, Fan J and Qiu SJ: High expression of IL-17 and IL-17RE associate with poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 32:32013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Zhang Q, Zheng J, Wang L, et al: Therapeutic effect of Ramosetron on preventing gastrointestinal reaction induced by chemotherapeutic drugs including Cisplatin in 80 cases. Chin Pharm. 10:1024–1025. 2007.

16 

Liu ZQ, Cheng JT, Zhu HX, et al: Experimental study on increasing effect and decreasing its side-effect of Cisplatin of LiuJunZi decoction. Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medical Research. 20:2492–2494. 2009.

17 

Wu H, Lv SZ, Ying XZ, Ye YL and Tian ZF: Effect of traditional Chinese medicine in immunity recovery of radiotherapy in patients with liver cancer. Chin Archiv Trad Chin Med. 8:1997–1999. 2015.(In Chinese).

18 

Wu QL, Lu HD, Guo XL and Kong QZ: Exploration of treatment of malignant tumors with Chinese herbs that invigorate the blood and remove stasis. J Int Trad Western Med. 5:530–531. 2010.

19 

Zhou X, Tang L, Xu Y, Zhou G and Wang Z: Towards a better understanding of medicinal uses of Carthamus tinctorius L. in traditional Chinese medicine: A phytochemical and pharmacological review. J Ethnopharmacol. 151:27–43. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Wang J, Wang P, Gui S, Li Y, Chen R, Zeng R, Zhao P, Wu H, Huang Z and Wu J: Hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuates the apoptosis of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes in a murine model of sepsis. Front Pharmacol. 8:6132017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Xie H, Zhang Q, Zhao YQ, Cui W and Niu X: The experiment of safflor yellow effecting the cell growth cycle of mouse H22 grafting tumor. China J Tradit Chin Med Pharm. 171–173. 2006.(In Chinese).

22 

Ma L, Liu L, Ma Y, Xie H, Yu X, Wang X, Fan A, Ge D, Xu Y, Zhang Q and Song C: The role of E-cadherin/β-catenin in hydroxysafflor yellow A inhibiting adhesion, invasion, migration and lung metastasis of hepatoma cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 40:1706–1715. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Xi S, Zhang Q, Xie H, Liu L, Liu C, Gao X, Zhang J, Wu L, Qian L and Deng X: Effects of hydroxy safflor yellow A on blood vessel and mRNA expression with VEGF and bFGF of transplantation tumor with gastric adenocarcinoma cell line BGC-823 in nude mice. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 34:605–610. 2009.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

24 

Wang J, Zhang Q, Gu LG, Cui W, Xie H and Niu XY: Effect of hydroxy safflor yellow A on the cell cycle and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with the stimulus of tumor cell conditioned medium. J Beijing Univ Tradit Chin Med. 31:741–744. 2008.(In Chinese).

25 

Xi SY, Zhang Q, Liu CY, et al: Effects of hydroxy safflower yellow A on the expression of bFGF protein and MMP-9 in human gastric cancer xenografts. Chin J Chin Materia. 21:2877–2881. 2010.(In Chinese).

26 

Xi SY, Zhang Q, Liu CY, Xie H, Yue LF, Li WD, Zang BX and Gao XM: Effects of HSYA on protein and mRNA expression of KDR, HIF-1α and protein expression of VEGF in nude mice with BGC-823 transplantation tumor. Chin J Trad Chin Med Pharm. 27:82–87. 2012.

27 

Limani P, Borgeaud N, Linecker M, Tschuor C, Kachaylo E, Schlegel A, Jang JH, Ungethüm U, Montani M, Graf R, et al: Selective portal vein injection for the design of syngeneic models of liver malignancy. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 310:G682–G688. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Lu YM and Zhang H: Effects of electroacupuncture on T-lymphocytes, spleen index, thymus index and lymphopoiesis levels in strenuous exercise-induced stress rat. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 37:136–139. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

29 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Dong F, Xue C, Wang Y, Peng Y, Zhang Y, Jin M and Zang B: Hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in acute soft tissue injury. Sci Rep. 7:405842017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Min J and Wei C: Hydroxysafflor yellow A cardioprotection in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury mainly via Akt/hexokinase II independent of ERK/GSK-3β pathway. Biomed Pharmacother. 87:419–426. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Wang T, Duan SJ, Wang SY, Lu Y, Zhu Q, Wang LJ and Han B: Coadministration of hydroxysafflor yellow A with levodopa attenuates the dyskinesia. Physiol Behav. 147:193–197. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Sun L, Yang L, Xu YW, Liang H, Han J, Zhao RJ and Cheng Y: Neuroprotection of hydroxysafflor yellow A in the transient focal ischemia: inhibition of protein oxidation/nitration, 12/15-lipoxygenase and blood-brain barrier disruption. Brain Res. 1473:227–235. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Wu XL: Efficacy enhancing effect of Shikonin on human liver cancer HepG2 cells treated by Cisplatin. Chin Med J Res Prac. 31:35–38. 2017.(In Chinese).

35 

Wu Y and Liu R: Study on the drug-resistant reversal effects of ginsenoside Rh2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2/ADM cells and its mechanism. J Med Postgra. 30:476–480. 2017.

36 

Park HR, Ju EJ, Jo SK, Jung U, Kim SH and Yee ST: Enhanced antitumor efficancy of cisplatin in combination with HemoHIM in tumor-bearing mice. BMC Cancer. 9:852009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Liu Y, Jing Y, Guo LL, et al: Effects of Guben Zhike Recipe on the spleen index, thymus index and Th1/Th2 unbalance in COPD mice. China J Tradit Chin Med Pharm. 2015.(In Chinese).

38 

Fontenot JD, Rasmussen JP, Williams LM, Dooley JL, Farr AG and Rudensky AY: Regulatory T cell lineage specification by the forkhead transcription factor foxp3. Immunity. 22:329–341. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Fu J, Xu D, Liu Z, Shi M, Zhao P, Fu B, Zhang Z, Yang H, Zhang H, Zhou C, et al: Increased regulatory T cells correlate with CD8 T-cell impairment and poor survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Gastroenterology. 132:2328–2339. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Lin SZ, Chen KJ, Xu ZY, Chen H, Zhou L, Xie HY and Zheng SS: Prediction of recurrence and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma based on two Cox models mainly determined by FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 6:594–602. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Takeuchi Y and Nishikawa H: Roles of regulatory T cells in cancer immunity. Int Immunol. 28:401–409. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Zhang JP, Yan J, Xu J, Pang XH, Chen MS, Li L, Wu C, Li SP and Zheng L: Increased intratumoral IL17-producing cells correlate with poor survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. J Hepatol. 50:980–989. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Huang Y, Wang F, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Gao Y, Ma Z, Xu R and Du Z: Intrahepatic interleukin-17+ T cells and FoxP3+ regulatory T cells cooperate to promote development and affect the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 29:851–859. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Lin ZW, Wu LX, Xie Y, Ou X, Tian PK, Liu XP, Min J, Wang J, Chen RF, Chen YJ, et al: The expression levels of transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt and FOXP3 in peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) of patients with liver cancer and their significance. Int J Med Sci. 12:7–16. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Ma Y, Feng C, Wang J, Chen Z, Wei P, Fan A, Wang X, Yu X, Ge D, Xie H, Xie H, et al: Hydroxyl safflower yellow A regulates the tumor immune microenvironment to produce an anticancer effect in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 17: 3503-3510, 2019.
APA
Ma, Y., Feng, C., Wang, J., Chen, Z., Wei, P., Fan, A. ... Li, X. (2019). Hydroxyl safflower yellow A regulates the tumor immune microenvironment to produce an anticancer effect in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncology Letters, 17, 3503-3510. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.9946
MLA
Ma, Y., Feng, C., Wang, J., Chen, Z., Wei, P., Fan, A., Wang, X., Yu, X., Ge, D., Xie, H., Liu, L., Zhang, Q., Li, X."Hydroxyl safflower yellow A regulates the tumor immune microenvironment to produce an anticancer effect in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma". Oncology Letters 17.3 (2019): 3503-3510.
Chicago
Ma, Y., Feng, C., Wang, J., Chen, Z., Wei, P., Fan, A., Wang, X., Yu, X., Ge, D., Xie, H., Liu, L., Zhang, Q., Li, X."Hydroxyl safflower yellow A regulates the tumor immune microenvironment to produce an anticancer effect in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma". Oncology Letters 17, no. 3 (2019): 3503-3510. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.9946
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Ma Y, Feng C, Wang J, Chen Z, Wei P, Fan A, Wang X, Yu X, Ge D, Xie H, Xie H, et al: Hydroxyl safflower yellow A regulates the tumor immune microenvironment to produce an anticancer effect in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 17: 3503-3510, 2019.
APA
Ma, Y., Feng, C., Wang, J., Chen, Z., Wei, P., Fan, A. ... Li, X. (2019). Hydroxyl safflower yellow A regulates the tumor immune microenvironment to produce an anticancer effect in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncology Letters, 17, 3503-3510. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.9946
MLA
Ma, Y., Feng, C., Wang, J., Chen, Z., Wei, P., Fan, A., Wang, X., Yu, X., Ge, D., Xie, H., Liu, L., Zhang, Q., Li, X."Hydroxyl safflower yellow A regulates the tumor immune microenvironment to produce an anticancer effect in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma". Oncology Letters 17.3 (2019): 3503-3510.
Chicago
Ma, Y., Feng, C., Wang, J., Chen, Z., Wei, P., Fan, A., Wang, X., Yu, X., Ge, D., Xie, H., Liu, L., Zhang, Q., Li, X."Hydroxyl safflower yellow A regulates the tumor immune microenvironment to produce an anticancer effect in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma". Oncology Letters 17, no. 3 (2019): 3503-3510. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.9946
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team