Open Access

Competing risk nomogram to predict cancer‑specific survival in esophageal cancer during the intensity‑modulated radiation therapy era: A single institute analysis

  • Authors:
    • Shengguang Zhao
    • Weixiang Qi
    • Jiayi Chen
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: March 6, 2020     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11448
  • Pages: 3513-3521
  • Copyright: © Zhao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )


Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the probability of cancer‑associated mortality of patients with esophageal cancer undergoing intensity‑modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), and to establish a competing risk nomogram to predict the esophageal cancer‑specific survival (EC‑SS) of these patients. A total of 213 patients with EC who underwent IMRT between January 2014 and May 2017 were selected to establish nomograms according to Fine and Gray's competing risk analysis. Predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the model were determined using the concordance index (C‑index), calibration curves and the area under receiver operating characteristic curves. Decision tree analysis was also constructed for patient grouping. With a median follow‑up of 19 months (range, 3‑50), the 2‑year EC‑specific mortality (EC‑SM) and the non‑esophageal cancer specific mortality (NEC‑SM) of the cohort were 35.4 and 3.51%, respectively. Furthermore, an elevated 2‑year EC‑SM was observed in patients with tumor length ≥4.5 cm compared with patients with tumor length <4.5 cm (45.8% vs. 21.4%; P<0.001), patients with non‑squamous cell carcinoma compared with patients with squamous cell carcinoma (49.9 vs. 33.7%; P=0.025) and patients with N3 stage (43.2%; P=0.005). The 2‑year NEC‑SM of patients with tumor length ≥4.5 cm was 6% vs. 0% in patients with tumor length <4.5 cm (P=0.016). Three independent risk factors for survival, including tumor length, histological type and N stage, were integrated to build competing nomograms for the EC‑SS model (C‑index=0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.66‑0.77). In addition, the nomograms displayed better discrimination power than the 7th edition of the Tumor‑Node‑Metastasis staging system for predicting EC‑SS (area under the curve=0.707 vs. 0.634). Furthermore, the results from the classification tree analysis demonstrated that N stage was the initial node and that primary tumor length was a determinant for EC‑SM in these patients. In conclusion, NEC‑SM represented a competing event for patients with EC with a tumor length ≥4.5 cm. The competing risk nomograms may therefore be considered as convenient individualized predictive tools for cancer‑specific survival in patients with EC undergoing IMRT treatment.
View Figures
View References

Related Articles

Journal Cover

May-2020
Volume 19 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

Sign up for eToc alerts

Recommend to Library

Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhao S, Qi W and Chen J: Competing risk nomogram to predict cancer‑specific survival in esophageal cancer during the intensity‑modulated radiation therapy era: A single institute analysis. Oncol Lett 19: 3513-3521, 2020
APA
Zhao, S., Qi, W., & Chen, J. (2020). Competing risk nomogram to predict cancer‑specific survival in esophageal cancer during the intensity‑modulated radiation therapy era: A single institute analysis. Oncology Letters, 19, 3513-3521. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11448
MLA
Zhao, S., Qi, W., Chen, J."Competing risk nomogram to predict cancer‑specific survival in esophageal cancer during the intensity‑modulated radiation therapy era: A single institute analysis". Oncology Letters 19.5 (2020): 3513-3521.
Chicago
Zhao, S., Qi, W., Chen, J."Competing risk nomogram to predict cancer‑specific survival in esophageal cancer during the intensity‑modulated radiation therapy era: A single institute analysis". Oncology Letters 19, no. 5 (2020): 3513-3521. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11448