The value of <sup>18</sup>F‑FDG PET/CT in the prediction of clinical outcomes of patients with acute leukemia treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Zhao,Zixuan; Zhou,Yeye; Wang,Jing; Zhang,Tongtong; Li,Jihui; Zhang,Bin; Li,Qingru; Deng,Shengming

doi:10.3892/ol.2020.12036

The value of ¹⁸F‑FDG PET/CT in the prediction of clinical outcomes of patients with acute leukemia treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Authors:
- Zixuan Zhao
- Yeye Zhou
- Jing Wang
- Tongtong Zhang
- Jihui Li
- Bin Zhang
- Qingru Li
- Shengming Deng
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Affiliations: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China, Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
Published online on: August 31, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12036
Article Number: 175
Copyright: © Zhao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The present study aimed to determine whether ¹⁸F‑FDG PET/CT performed before and/or after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‑HSCT) can predict clinical outcomes in acute leukemia (AL). A total of 79 examinations comprising 72 patients with AL who underwent ¹⁸F‑FDG PET/CT before and/or after allo‑HSCT were retrospectively enrolled between January 2011 and January 2019. Outcomes were assessed using overall survival (OS) and disease‑free survival (DFS). A total of 63 examinations were PET‑positive, while 16 examinations were PET‑negative. Increased BM and splenic ¹⁸F‑FDG uptake were observed in 24 (19/79) and 14% (11/79) of examinations, respectively. ¹⁸F‑FDG‑avid lymph nodes were observed in 38% (30/79) of examinations. E_NE_ME_S involvement was detected in 44% (35/79) of examinations. The presence of E_NE_ME_S involvement [OS hazard ratio (HR), 6.399; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.843‑22.224; P=0.003; post‑HSCT OS: HR, 7.203; 95% CI, 1.510‑34.369; P=0.013; DFS HR, 3.671; 95% CI, 1.145‑11.768; P=0.029], post‑transplantation minimal residual disease (DFS HR, 4.381; 95% CI, 1.594‑12.040; P=0.004; pre‑HSCT OS HR, 11.455; 95% CI, 1.336‑98.179; P=0.026) and disease status (OS HR, 0.330; 95% CI, 0.128‑0.848; P=0.021; post‑HSCT OS HR, 0.195; 95% CI, 0.050‑0.762; P=0.019; DFS: HR, 0.278; 95% CI, 0.091‑0.851; P=0.025) could serve as an adverse prognostic factor in patients with AL treated with allo‑HSCT. ¹⁸F‑FDG PET/CT before and/or after allo‑HSCT was a predictor for OS and DFS in patients with AL. E_NE_ME_S involvement detected using ¹⁸F‑FDG PET/CT may help identify patients with AL who are likely to have unfavorable clinical outcomes.

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