Therapy‑related acute myeloid leukemia: A case series

Yang,Jie; Chen,Baoan

doi:10.3892/ol.2022.13291

Therapy‑related acute myeloid leukemia: A case series

Authors:
- Jie Yang
- Baoan Chen
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Affiliations: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
Published online on: April 13, 2022 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2022.13291
Article Number: 171
Copyright: © Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Abstract. Patients with primary cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy may develop therapy‑related acute leukemia (t‑AL). Therapy‑related acute myeloid leukemia (t‑AML) accounts for the majority of these cases and is frequently associated with a variety of cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities. The aim of the present study was to explore the clinical characteristics, treatments and prognosis of patients with t‑AML. A total of 272 cases of AML treated at our institution between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed, among which nine cases of t‑AML were identified for analysis. All patients had received alkylating or topoisomerase II inhibitor chemotherapy drugs for primary cancer treatment and three patients had received radiotherapy. A total of nine patients had been administered recombinant human granulocyte colony‑stimulating factor (G‑CSF). The median latency period for the nine patients with t‑AML was 25 months (range, 10‑240 months). The molecular cytogenetic abnormalities included t(15:17)(q22:q21), inv(16)(p13q22), del(5)(q22), CBFB/MYH11(+), FLT3(+), NARS(+), IDH(+), TET2(+), and TP53(+). Out of nine patients with t‑AML, eight received chemotherapy, two of whom underwent HSCT. The median survival time of the nine patients with t‑AML was 10 months and the 2‑year‑survival rate was 44.4%. Greater clarity around the diagnosis and treatment is required to improve the outcomes of patients with t‑AML.

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