Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
September-2023 Volume 26 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2023 Volume 26 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Serum cell division cycle 42 reflects the treatment response and survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment

  • Authors:
    • Lili Guo
    • Yue Su
    • Xiaoyu Liu
    • Wan Xie
    • Silu Meng
    • Yuhuan Liu
    • Weijiao Wang
    • Xiaofeng Lv
    • Changyu Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Guo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 414
    |
    Published online on: August 8, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14000
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) regulates immune escape, which predicts immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment response in several types of cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of serum CDC42 in predicting the ICI treatment outcome in patients with advanced cervical cancer. A total of 46 patients with advanced cervical cancer who received ICI treatment with or without antiangiogenic agents were enrolled. Serum CDC42 was detected in all patients before treatment (baseline) and following two treatment cycles by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. CDC42 at baseline was elevated in patients with target lesion size ≥5 cm (P=0.020), pelvis metastasis (P=0.031) and lung metastasis (P=0.043). Following treatment, the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 30.4 and 78.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, the median progression‑free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 5.8 and 13.1 months. CDC42 at baseline was decreased in patients achieving ORR (P=0.042) but not DCR (P=0.055). PFS (P=0.006) and OS (P=0.019) were decreased in patients with baseline CDC42 ≥600 pg/ml. After two treatment cycles, CDC42 was generally reduced (P<0.001). CDC42 following two treatment cycles was more significantly decreased in patients with ORR (P=0.032) and DCR (P=0.019). Multivariate Cox's regression analysis showed that CDC42 ≥600 pg/ml following two treatment cycles was associated with the shorter PFS (P=0.022, hazard ratio=2.469) and OS (P=0.013, hazard ratio=4.166). Serum CDC42 was reduced after treatment; high expression following treatment reflected a lower possibility of achieving treatment response and poorer survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer.
Introduction
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Siegel RL, Miller KD, Wagle NS and Jemal A: Cancer statistics, 2023. CA Cancer J Clin. 73:17–48. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Hillemanns P, Soergel P, Hertel H and Jentschke M: Epidemiology and early detection of cervical cancer. Oncol Res Treat. 39:501–506. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Cibula D, Raspollini MR, Planchamp F, Centeno C, Chargari C, Felix A, Fischerova D, Jahnn-Kuch D, Joly F, Kohler C, et al: ESGO/ESTRO/ESP guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer-Update 2023. Virchows Arch. 482:935–966. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Oncology NCPGi, . Cervical Cancer (version 1.2023). 2023.

5 

Beckmann MW, Stubs FA, Koch MC, Mallmann P, Dannecker C, Dietl A, Sevnina A, Mergel F, Lotz L, Hack CC, et al: Diagnosis, therapy and follow-up of cervical cancer. Guideline of the DGGG, DKG and DKH (S3-Level, AWMF Registry No. 032/033OL, May 2021)-Part 1 with recommendations on epidemiology, screening, diagnostics and therapy. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 82:139–180. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Kusakabe M, Taguchi A, Sone K, Mori M and Osuga Y: Carcinogenesis and management of human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer. Int J Clin Oncol. 28:965–974. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Shieh KR, Huang A and Xu Y: Response to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in advanced cervical cancer and biomarker study. Front Med (Lausanne). 8:6695872021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

De Felice F, Giudice E, Bolomini G, Distefano MG, Scambia G, Fagotti A and Marchetti C: Pembrolizumab for advanced cervical cancer: Safety and efficacy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 21:221–228. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Schmidt MW, Battista MJ, Schmidt M, Garcia M, Siepmann T, Hasenburg A and Anic K: Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy for cervical cancer-a systematic review of clinical trials. Cancers (Basel). 14:4412022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Frenel JS, Le Tourneau C, O'Neil B, Ott PA, Piha-Paul SA, Gomez-Roca C, van Brummelen EMJ, Rugo HS, Thomas S, Saraf S, et al: Safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab in advanced, programmed death ligand 1-positive cervical cancer: Results from the phase Ib KEYNOTE-028 trial. J Clin Oncol. 35:4035–4041. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Oh DY, Algazi A, Capdevila J, Longo F, Miller W Jr, Bing JT, Bonilla CE, Chung HC, Guren TK, Lin CC, et al: Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with advanced thyroid cancer in the phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 study. Cancer. 129:1195–1204. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Cao J, Zhang C, Jiang GQ, Jin SJ, Wang Q, Wang AQ and Bai DS: Identification of hepatocellular carcinoma-related genes associated with macrophage differentiation based on bioinformatics analyses. Bioengineered. 12:296–309. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Xia Y, Rao L, Yao H, Wang Z, Ning P and Chen X: Engineering macrophages for cancer immunotherapy and drug delivery. Adv Mater. 32:e20020542020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Marques CA, Hahnel PS, Wolfel C, Thaler S, Huber C, Theobald M and Schuler M: An immune escape screen reveals Cdc42 as regulator of cancer susceptibility to lymphocyte-mediated tumor suppression. Blood. 111:1413–1419. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Guo F, Zhang S, Tripathi P, Mattner J, Phelan J, Sproles A, Mo J, Wills-Karp M, Grimes HL, Hildeman D and Zheng Y: Distinct roles of Cdc42 in thymopoiesis and effector and memory T cell differentiation. PLoS One. 6:e180022011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Xu J, Shao R, Zhang X, Yao D and Han S: Serum cell division cycle 42 in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients: Linkage with clinical characteristics and immune checkpoint inhibitor-related treatment outcomes. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 47:1021492023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Jiang L, Shen Y and Wang Y: Vertical level of blood cell division cycle 42 predicts response and survival benefits to PD-1 inhibitor-based regimen in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 83:103–110. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Bergerot CD, Philip EJ, Bergerot PG, Hsu J, Dizman N, Salgia M, Salgia N, Vaishampayan U, Battle D, Loscalzo M, et al: Discrepancies between genitourinary cancer patients' and clinicians' characterization of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status. Cancer. 127:354–358. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Schwartz LH, Litiere S, de Vries E, Ford R, Gwyther S, Mandrekar S, Shankar L, Bogaerts J, Chen A, Dancey J, et al: RECIST 1.1-Update and clarification: From the RECIST committee. Eur J Cancer. 62:132–137. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Saleh M, Virarkar M, Bhosale P, El Sherif S, Javadi S and Faria SC: Endometrial cancer, the current international federation of gynecology and obstetrics staging system, and the role of imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 44:714–729. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Robert ME, Ruschoff J, Jasani B, Graham RP, Badve SS, Rodriguez-Justo M, Kodach LL, Srivastava A, Wang HL, Tang LH, et al: High interobserver variability among pathologists using combined positive score to evaluate PD-L1 expression in gastric, gastroesophageal junction, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Mod Pathol. 36:1001542023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Zhang B, Zhong X, Sauane M, Zhao Y and Zheng ZL: Modulation of the Pol II CTD phosphorylation code by Rac1 and Cdc42 small GTPases in cultured human cancer cells and its implication for developing a synthetic-lethal cancer therapy. Cells. 9:6212020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Dong Z, Yu C, Rezhiya K, Gulijiahan A and Wang X: Downregulation of miR-146a promotes tumorigenesis of cervical cancer stem cells via VEGF/CDC42/PAK1 signaling pathway. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 47:3711–3719. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Sun X, Zhou L, Wang X, Li Y, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhong Z and Chen J: FYCO1 regulates migration, invasion, and invadopodia formation in HeLa cells through CDC42/N-WASP/Arp2/3 signaling pathway. Biochem Cell Biol. 100:458–472. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Li X, Chen B, Huang A, Ren C, Wang L, Zhu T, Xiong J, Ding W and Wang H: LncRNA HCP5 enhances the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer via miR-216a-5p/CDC42 axis. J Cancer. 13:1882–1894. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Chen R and Zhang L: MiR-29a inhibits cell proliferation and migration by targeting the CDC42/PAK1 signaling pathway in cervical cancer. Anticancer Drugs. 30:579–587. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Serrano-Pertierra E, Cernuda-Morollon E and Lopez-Larrea C: NKG2D- and CD28-mediated costimulation regulate CD8+ T cell chemotaxis through different mechanisms: The role of Cdc42/N-WASp. J Leukoc Biol. 95:487–495. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

An J, Li X, Wang J, Zhu L, An R, Jiang K, Huang Y, Wang K, Li G, Wang C, et al: Efficacy and safety of serplulimab plus nab-paclitaxel in previously treated patients with PD-L1-positive advanced cervical cancer: A phase II, single-arm study. Front Immunol. 14:11422562023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Tewari KS, Monk BJ, Vergote I, Miller A, de Melo AC, Kim HS, Kim YM, Lisyanskaya A, Samouelian V, Lorusso D, et al: Survival with cemiplimab in recurrent cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 386:544–555. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Monk BJ, Tewari KS, Dubot C, Caceres MV, Hasegawa K, Shapira-Frommer R, Salman P, Yanez E, Gumus M, de Mendoza MO, et al: Health-related quality of life with pembrolizumab or placebo plus chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer (KEYNOTE-826): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 24:392–402. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

O'Malley DM, Oaknin A, Monk BJ, Selle F, Rojas C, Gladieff L, Berton D, Leary A, Moore KN, Estevez-Diz MDP, et al: Phase II study of the safety and efficacy of the anti-PD-1 antibody balstilimab in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 163:274–280. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Laletin V, Bernard PL, da Silva CS, Guittard G and Nunes JA: Negative intracellular regulators of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling as potential antitumor immunotherapy targets. J Immunother Cancer. 11:e0058452023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Guo L, Su Y, Liu X, Xie W, Meng S, Liu Y, Wang W, Lv X and Wang C: Serum cell division cycle 42 reflects the treatment response and survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. Oncol Lett 26: 414, 2023.
APA
Guo, L., Su, Y., Liu, X., Xie, W., Meng, S., Liu, Y. ... Wang, C. (2023). Serum cell division cycle 42 reflects the treatment response and survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. Oncology Letters, 26, 414. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14000
MLA
Guo, L., Su, Y., Liu, X., Xie, W., Meng, S., Liu, Y., Wang, W., Lv, X., Wang, C."Serum cell division cycle 42 reflects the treatment response and survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment". Oncology Letters 26.3 (2023): 414.
Chicago
Guo, L., Su, Y., Liu, X., Xie, W., Meng, S., Liu, Y., Wang, W., Lv, X., Wang, C."Serum cell division cycle 42 reflects the treatment response and survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment". Oncology Letters 26, no. 3 (2023): 414. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14000
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Guo L, Su Y, Liu X, Xie W, Meng S, Liu Y, Wang W, Lv X and Wang C: Serum cell division cycle 42 reflects the treatment response and survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. Oncol Lett 26: 414, 2023.
APA
Guo, L., Su, Y., Liu, X., Xie, W., Meng, S., Liu, Y. ... Wang, C. (2023). Serum cell division cycle 42 reflects the treatment response and survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. Oncology Letters, 26, 414. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14000
MLA
Guo, L., Su, Y., Liu, X., Xie, W., Meng, S., Liu, Y., Wang, W., Lv, X., Wang, C."Serum cell division cycle 42 reflects the treatment response and survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment". Oncology Letters 26.3 (2023): 414.
Chicago
Guo, L., Su, Y., Liu, X., Xie, W., Meng, S., Liu, Y., Wang, W., Lv, X., Wang, C."Serum cell division cycle 42 reflects the treatment response and survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment". Oncology Letters 26, no. 3 (2023): 414. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14000
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team