Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
November-2023 Volume 26 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-2023 Volume 26 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Article Open Access

Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine

  • Authors:
    • Natalia E. Cortez
    • Cecilia Rodriguez Lanzi
    • Payam Vahmani
    • Karen Matsukuma
    • Gerardo G. Mackenzie
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
    Copyright: © Cortez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 479
    |
    Published online on: September 22, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14067
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Ketogenic diets (KDs) are actively being evaluated for their potential anticancer effects. Although KDs are generally considered safe, their safety profile when combined with chemotherapy remains unknown. It is known that a KD enhances the anticancer effect of gemcitabine (2',2'‑difluoro‑2'‑deoxycytidine) in LSL‑KrasLSL‑G12D/+Trp53R172H/+Pdx‑1-Cre (KPC) tumor‑bearing mice. In the present study, whether a KD in combination with gemcitabine affected the liver safety profile in KPC mice was evaluated. For this purpose, male and female pancreatic tumor‑bearing KPC mice were allocated to a control diet (CD; % kcal: 20% fat, 65% carbohydrate, 15% protein) + gemcitabine [control plus gemcitabine group (CG)] or a KD (% kcal: 84% fat, 15% protein, 1% carbohydrate) + gemcitabine [ketogenic plus gemcitabine group (KG)] for two months. After two months of treatment, no significant differences in body weight were observed between CGs and KGs. Moreover, the KD did not significantly alter the serum protein expression levels of liver enzymes, including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. In addition, the KD did not alter markers of liver‑lipid accumulation as well as serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, compared with the CG‑treated group. Upon histologic examination, steatosis was rare, with no notable differences between treatment groups. When examining liver fatty acid composition, KD treatment significantly increased the content of saturated fatty acids and significantly decreased levels of cis‑monounsaturated fatty acids compared with the CG. Finally, the KD did not affect liver markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, nor the protein expression levels of enzymes involved in ketone bodies, such as 3‑hydroxy‑3‑methylglutaryl‑CoA lyase and hidroximetilglutaril‑CoA sintasa, and glucose metabolism, such as hexokinase 2, pyruvate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase. In summary, a KD in combination with gemcitabine appears to be safe, with no apparent hepatotoxicity and these data support the further evaluation of a KD as an adjuvant dietary treatment for pancreatic cancer.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Zhu H, Bi D, Zhang Y, Kong C, Du J, Wu X, Wei Q and Qin H: Ketogenic diet for human diseases: The underlying mechanisms and potential for clinical implementations. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 7:112022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Tong X, Deng Y, Liu L, Tang X, Yu T, Gan J, Cai Q, Luo R and Xiao N: Clinical implementation of ketogenic diet in children with drug-resistant epilepsy: Advantages, disadvantages, and difficulties. Seizure. 99:75–81. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Thomas JG and Veznedaroglu E: Ketogenic diet for malignant gliomas: A review. Curr Nutr Rep. 9:258–263. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Cortez NE and Mackenzie GG: Ketogenic diets in pancreatic cancer and associated cachexia: Cellular mechanisms and clinical perspectives. Nutrients. 13:32022021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Zhang WH, Wang WQ, Han X, Gao HL, Li TJ, Xu SS, Li S, Xu HX, Li H, Ye LY, et al: Advances on diagnostic biomarkers of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A systems biology perspective. Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 18:3606–3614. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Li J, Zhang H and Dai Z: Cancer treatment with the ketogenic diet: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies. Front Nutr. 8:5944082021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Kennedy AR, Pissios P, Otu H, Roberson R, Xue B, Asakura K, Furukawa N, Marino FE, Liu FF, Kahn BB, et al: A high-fat, ketogenic diet induces a unique metabolic state in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 292:E1724–E1739. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Bertholdt L, Gudiksen A, Jessen H and Pilegaard H: Impact of skeletal muscle IL-6 on regulation of liver and adipose tissue metabolism during fasting. Pflugers Arch. 470:1597–1613. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Cunha GM, Guzman G, Correa De Mello LL, Trein B, Spina L, Bussade I, Marques Prata J, Sajoux I and Countinho W: Efficacy of a 2-month very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) compared to a standard low-calorie diet in reducing visceral and liver fat accumulation in patients with obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 11:6072020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Watanabe M, Tozzi R, Risi R, Tuccinardi D, Mariani S, Basciani S, Spera G, Lubrano C and Gnessi L: Beneficial effects of the ketogenic diet on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A comprehensive review of the literature. Obes Rev. 21:e130242020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Cortez NE, Pathak S, Rodriguez Lanzi C, Hong BV, Crone R, Sule R, Wang F, Chen S, Gomes AV, Baar K and Mackenzie GG: A ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine mitigates pancreatic cancer-associated cachexia in male and female KPC mice. Int J Mol Sci. 24:107532023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Cortez NE, Rodriguez Lanzi C, Hong BV, Xu J, Wang F, Chen S, Ramsey JJ, Pontifex MG, Müller M, Vauzour D, et al: A ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine increases survival in pancreatic cancer KPC mice. Cancer Res Commun. 2:951–965. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Plotti F, Terranova C, Luvero D, Bartolone M, Messina G, Feole L, Cianci S, Scaletta G, Marchetti C, Di Donato V, et al: Diet and chemotherapy: The effects of fasting and ketogenic diet on cancer treatment. Chemotherapy. 65:77–84. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Hailan WAQ, Abou-Tarboush FM, Al-Anazi KM, Ahmad A, Qasem A and Farah MA: Gemcitabine induced cytotoxicity, DNA damage and hepatic injury in laboratory mice. Drug Chem Toxicol. 43:158–164. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Stellman A, Loke MM and Mann S: Acute liver failure secondary to gemcitabine. BMJ Case Rep. 2010:bcr12200813712010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Coeman DC, Verbeken EK, Nackaerts KL, Demedts MG and Vansteenkiste JF: A fatal case of cholestatic liver failure probably related to gemcitabine. Ann Oncol. 11:15032000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Dobbie M, Hofer S, Oberholzer M and Herrmann R: Veno-occlusive disease of the liver induced by gemcitabine. Ann Oncol. 9:6811998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Hingorani SR, Wang L, Multani AS, Combs C, Deramaudt TB, Hruban RH, Rustgi AK, Chang S and Tuveson DA: Trp53R172H and KrasG12D cooperate to promote chromosomal instability and widely metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in mice. Cancer Cell. 7:469–483. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Cardiff RD, Miller CH and Munn RJ: Manual hematoxylin and eosin staining of mouse tissue sections. Cold Spring Harb Protoc. 2014:655–658. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Van De Vlekkert D, Machado E and d'Azzo A: Analysis of generalized fibrosis in mouse tissue sections with masson's trichrome staining. Bio Protoc. 10:e36292020.PubMed/NCBI

21 

Liang W, Menke AL, Driessen A, Koek GH, Lindeman JH, Stoop R, Havekes LM, Kleemann R and van den Hoek AM: Establishment of a general NAFLD scoring system for rodent models and comparison to human liver pathology. PLoS One. 9:e1159222014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Rodriguez Lanzi C, Perdicaro DJ, Antoniolli A, Fontana AR, Miatello RM, Bottini R and Vazquez Prieto MA: Grape pomace and grape pomace extract improve insulin signaling in high-fat-fructose fed rat-induced metabolic syndrome. Food Funct. 7:1544–1553. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Dugan MER, Kramer JKG, Robertson WM, Meadus WJ, Aldai N and Rolland DC: Comparing subcutaneous adipose tissue in beef and muskox with emphasis on trans 18:1 and conjugated linoleic acids. Lipids. 42:509–518. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Vahmani P, Rolland DC, McAllister TA, Block HC, Proctor SD, Guan LL, Prieto N, López-Campos Ó, Aalhus JL and Dugan MER: Effects of feeding steers extruded flaxseed on its own before hay or mixed with hay on animal performance, carcass quality, and meat and hamburger fatty acid composition. Meat Sci. 131:9–17. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Loeb WF and Quimby FW: The clinical chemistry of laboratory animals. Taylor and Francis; Philadelphia: 1999

26 

Gosmain Y, Dif N, Berbe V, Loizon E, Rieusset J, Vidal H and Lefai E: Regulation of SREBP-1 expression and transcriptional action on HKII and FAS genes during fasting and refeeding in rat tissues. J Lipid Res. 46:697–705. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Guo S: Insulin signaling, resistance, and the metabolic syndrome: Insights from mouse models into disease mechanisms. J Endocrinol. 220:T1–T23. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Li Y, Xu S, Mihaylova MM, Zheng B, Hou X, Jiang B, Park O, Luo Z, Lefai E, Shyy JY, et al: AMPK phosphorylates and inhibits SREBP activity to attenuate hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis in diet-induced insulin-resistant mice. Cell Metab. 13:376–388. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Softic S, Cohen DE and Kahn CR: Role of dietary fructose and hepatic de novo lipogenesis in fatty liver disease. Dig Dis Sci. 61:1282–1293. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Rui L: Energy metabolism in the liver. Compr Physiol. 4:177–197. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Zhao S, Xu W, Jiang W, Yu W, Lin Y, Zhang T, Yao J, Zhou L, Zeng Y, Li H, et al: Regulation of cellular metabolism by protein lysine acetylation. Science. 327:1000–1004. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Li J, Wang T, Xia J, Yao W and Huang F: Enzymatic and nonenzymatic protein acetylations control glycolysis process in liver diseases. FASEB J. 33:11640–11654. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Roh YS and Seki E: Toll-like receptors in alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and carcinogenesis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 28 (Suppl 1):S38–S42. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Cichoż-Lach H and Michalak A: Oxidative stress as a crucial factor in liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol. 20:8082–8091. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Castro JP, Jung T, Grune T and Siems W: 4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE) modified proteins in metabolic diseases. Free Radic Biol Med. 111:309–315. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Tan-Shalaby J: Ketogenic diets and cancer: Emerging evidence. Fed Pract. 34 (Suppl 1):37S–42S. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

37 

Von Hoff DD, Ervin T, Arena FP, Chiorean EG, Infante J, Moore M, Seay T, Tjulandin SA, Ma WW, Saleh MN, et al: Increased survival in pancreatic cancer with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine. N Engl J Med. 369:1691–1703. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

So E, Crees ZD, Crites D and Wang-Gillam A: Digital ischemia and necrosis: A rarely described complication of gemcitabine in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. J Pancreat Cancer. 3:49–52. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases: Gemcitabine LiverTox: Clinical and research information on drug-induced liver injury. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Bethesda, MD: 2012

40 

Okada T, Egawa S, Motoi F, Yamamoto K, Ottomo S, Sakata N, Rikiyama T, Katayose Y and Unno M: Severe cholestatic liver failure associated with gemcitabine adjuvant monotherapy for pancreatic cancer. Clin J Gastroenterol. 4:391–395. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Klement RJ, Weigel MM and Sweeney RA: A ketogenic diet consumed during radiotherapy improves several aspects of quality of life and metabolic health in women with breast cancer. Clin Nutr. 40:4267–4274. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Klement RJ, Champ CE, Kämmerer U, Koebrunner PS, Krage K, Schäfer G, Weigel M and Sweeney RA: Impact of a ketogenic diet intervention during radiotherapy on body composition: III-final results of the KETOCOMP study for breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res. 22:942020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Schmidt M, Pfetzer N, Schwab M, Strauss I and Kämmerer U: Effects of a ketogenic diet on the quality of life in 16 patients with advanced cancer: A pilot trial. Nutr Metab (Lond). 8:542011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Yang L, TeSlaa T, Ng S, Nofal M, Wang L, Lan T, Zeng X, Cowan A, McBride M, Lu W, et al: Ketogenic diet and chemotherapy combine to disrupt pancreatic cancer metabolism and growth. Med. 3:119–136. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Zahra A, Fath MA, Opat E, Mapuskar KA, Bhatia SK, Ma DC, Rodman SN III, Snyders TP, Chenard CA, Eichenberger-Gilmore JM, et al: Consuming a ketogenic diet while receiving radiation and chemotherapy for locally advanced lung cancer and pancreatic cancer: The university of iowa experience of two phase 1 clinical trials. Radiat Res. 187:743–754. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Arsyad A, Idris I, Rasyid AA, Usman RA, Faradillah KR, Latif WOU, Lubis ZI, Aminuddin A, Yustisia I and Djabir YY: Long-term ketogenic diet induces metabolic acidosis, anemia, and oxidative stress in healthy wistar rats. J Nutr Metab. 2020:36420352020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Liu Z, Yuan J, Wen P, Guo X, Li K, Wang Y, Liu R, Guo Y and Li D: Effect of lard or plus soybean oil on markers of liver function in healthy subjects: A randomized controlled-feeding trial. Foods. 12:18942023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Ellenbroek JH, van Dijck L, Töns HA, Rabelink TJ, Carlotti F, Ballieux BE and de Koning EJ: Long-term ketogenic diet causes glucose intolerance and reduced β- and α-cell mass but no weight loss in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 306:E552–E558. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Tragni E, Vigna L, Ruscica M, Macchi C, Casula M, Santelia A, Catapano AL and Magni P: Reduction of cardio-metabolic risk and body weight through a multiphasic very-low calorie ketogenic diet program in women with overweight/obesity: A study in a real-world setting. Nutrients. 13:18042021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Ben-Yakov G, Alao H, Haydek JP, Fryzek N, Cho MH, Hemmati M, Samala V, Shovlin M, Dunleavy K, Wilson W, et al: Development of hepatic steatosis after chemotherapy for non-hodgkin lymphoma. Hepatol Commun. 3:220–226. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Luukkonen PK, Dufour S, Lyu K, Zhang XM, Hakkarainen A, Lehtimäki TE, Cline GW, Petersen KF, Shulman GI and Yki-Järvinen H: Effect of a ketogenic diet on hepatic steatosis and hepatic mitochondrial metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 117:7347–7354. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Okuda T and Morita N: A very low carbohydrate ketogenic diet prevents the progression of hepatic steatosis caused by hyperglycemia in a juvenile obese mouse model. Nutr Diabetes. 2:e502012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Masarone M, Rosato V, Dallio M, Gravina AG, Aglitti A, Loguercio C, Federico A and Persico M: Role of oxidative stress in pathophysiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018:95476132018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Gao B and Tsukamoto H: Inflammation in alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Friend or foe? Gastroenterology. 150:1704–1709. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Berná G and Romero-Gomez M: The role of nutrition in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Pathophysiology and management. Liver Int. 40 (Suppl 1):S102–S108. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

56 

Musso G, Cassader M, Paschetta E and Gambino R: Bioactive lipid species and metabolic pathways in progression and resolution of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology. 155:282–302.e8. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Allard JP, Aghdassi E, Mohammed S, Raman M, Avand G, Arendt BM, Jalali P, Kandasamy T, Prayitno N, Sherman M, et al: Nutritional assessment and hepatic fatty acid composition in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A cross-sectional study. J Hepatol. 48:300–307. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Ding P, Ma Z, Liu D, Pan M, Li H, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Shao C, Jiang M, Lu D, et al: Lysine acetylation/deacetylation modification of immune-related molecules in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol. 13:8659752022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

59 

Zhao Q, Zhang Z, Li J, Xu F, Zhang B, Liu M, Liu Y, Chen H, Yang J and Zhang J: Lysine acetylome study of human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues for biomarkers and therapeutic targets discovery. Front Genet. 11:5726632020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60 

Newman JC and Verdin E: Ketone bodies as signaling metabolites. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 25:42–52. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

61 

Roberts MN, Wallace MA, Tomilov AA, Zhou Z, Marcotte GR, Tran D, Perez G, Gutierrez-Casado E, Koike S, Knotts TA, et al: A ketogenic diet extends longevity and healthspan in adult mice. Cell Metab. 26:539–546.e5. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

62 

Hutfles LJ, Wilkins HM, Koppel SJ, Weidling IW, Selfridge JE, Tan E, Thyfault JP, Slawson C, Fenton AW, Zhu H and Swerdlow RH: A bioenergetics systems evaluation of ketogenic diet liver effects. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 42:955–962. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

63 

Allen BG, Bhatia SK, Anderson CM, Eichenberger-Gilmore JM, Sibenaller ZA, Mapuskar KA, Schoenfeld JD, Buatti JM, Spitz DR and Fath MA: Ketogenic diets as an adjuvant cancer therapy: History and potential mechanism. Redox Biol. 2:963–970. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Cortez NE, Lanzi CR, Vahmani P, Matsukuma K and Mackenzie GG: Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine. Oncol Lett 26: 479, 2023.
APA
Cortez, N.E., Lanzi, C.R., Vahmani, P., Matsukuma, K., & Mackenzie, G.G. (2023). Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine. Oncology Letters, 26, 479. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14067
MLA
Cortez, N. E., Lanzi, C. R., Vahmani, P., Matsukuma, K., Mackenzie, G. G."Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine". Oncology Letters 26.5 (2023): 479.
Chicago
Cortez, N. E., Lanzi, C. R., Vahmani, P., Matsukuma, K., Mackenzie, G. G."Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine". Oncology Letters 26, no. 5 (2023): 479. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14067
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Cortez NE, Lanzi CR, Vahmani P, Matsukuma K and Mackenzie GG: Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine. Oncol Lett 26: 479, 2023.
APA
Cortez, N.E., Lanzi, C.R., Vahmani, P., Matsukuma, K., & Mackenzie, G.G. (2023). Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine. Oncology Letters, 26, 479. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14067
MLA
Cortez, N. E., Lanzi, C. R., Vahmani, P., Matsukuma, K., Mackenzie, G. G."Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine". Oncology Letters 26.5 (2023): 479.
Chicago
Cortez, N. E., Lanzi, C. R., Vahmani, P., Matsukuma, K., Mackenzie, G. G."Hepatic safety profile of pancreatic cancer‑bearing mice fed a ketogenic diet in combination with gemcitabine". Oncology Letters 26, no. 5 (2023): 479. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14067
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team