Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
May-2024 Volume 27 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2024 Volume 27 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Effect of different preoperative nutritional treatments on postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction

  • Authors:
    • Caixia Wang
    • Dameng Yang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 214
    |
    Published online on: March 19, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14348
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction often experience malnutrition and require various nutritional support strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different preoperative nutritional treatments on their postoperative recovery and prognosis. The present retrospective study collected data from 467 patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction who underwent surgery at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital (Harbin, China) between January 2016 and December 2018. All patients received preoperative nutritional treatment, with a mean treatment duration of 8.23±2.33 days. The present study analyzed associations and survival in different groups using χ2, independent‑samples t‑test, ANOVA and log‑rank tests. Furthermore, single‑ and multi‑factor survival analyses were conducted and nomograms and calibration curves constructed to investigate factors influencing patient survival. In this study, 230 patients (49.3%) received only parenteral nutrition (PN; Group 1), 162 patients (34.7%) received PN combined with enteral nutrition (EN; Group 2) and 75 patients (16.0%) received PN combined with a full‑ or semi‑liquid diet (Group 3). No significant differences in clinical and pathological parameters were observed among the groups. However, Group 2 showed significant advantages in postoperative recovery, including faster time to first postoperative bowel sounds, flatus and bowel movement. Survival analysis indicated that Group 3 had shorter progression‑free survival (χ2=30.485) and overall survival (χ2=31.249). Preoperative nutritional treatment was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Preoperative PN combined with EN proved advantageous for postoperative recovery of patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction. Furthermore, PN combined with full‑ or semi‑liquid diets may not have fully met the nutritional needs of these patients, resulting in less favorable clinical outcomes.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Smyth EC, Nilsson M, Grabsch HI, van Grieken NC and Lordick F: Gastric cancer. Lancet. 396:635–648. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Papanikolaou IS and Siersema PD: Gastric outlet obstruction: Current status and future directions. Gut Liver. 16:667–675. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Troncone E, Fugazza A, Cappello A, Del Vecchio Blanco G, Monteleone G, Repici A, Teoh AYB and Anderloni A: Malignant gastric outlet obstruction: Which is the best therapeutic option? World J Gastroentero. 26:1847–1860. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Cheung SLH and Teoh AYB: Optimal management of gastric outlet obstruction in unresectable malignancies. Gut Liver. 16:190–197. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Koop AH, Palmer WC and Stancampiano FF: Gastric outlet obstruction: A red flag, potentially manageable. Clev Clin J Med. 86:345–353. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Lordick F, Carneiro F, Cascinu S, Fleitas T, Haustermans K, Piessen G, Vogel A and Smyth EC; ESMO Guidelines Committee. Electronic address, : simpleclinicalguidelines@esmo.org: Gastric cancer: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 33:1005–1020. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Sexton RE, Al Hallak MN, Diab M and Azmi AS: Gastric cancer: A comprehensive review of current and future treatment strategies. Cancer Metast Rev. 39:1179–1203. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Iwai N, Okuda T and Kagawa K: Gastrointestinal: Natural progression of early gastric cancer causing pyloric stenosis. J Gastroen Hepatol. 35:92020. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Xu R, Chen XD and Ding Z: Perioperative nutrition management for gastric cancer. Nutrition. 93:1114922022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Cheng Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, Wu J and Zhan Z: Enteral immunonutrition versus enteral nutrition for gastric cancer patients undergoing a total gastrectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol. 18:112018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Li K, Wang D, Zhang X, Yang J and Chen X: Efficacy of early enteral nutrition versus total parenteral nutrition for patients with gastric cancer complicated with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Diet. 79:129–139. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Ajani JA, D'Amico TA, Bentrem DJ, Chao J, Cooke D, Corvera C, Das P, Enzinger PC, Enzler T, Fanta P, et al: Gastric cancer, version 2.2022, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 20:167–192. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Muscaritoli M, Arends J, Bachmann P, Baracos V, Barthelemy N, Bertz H, Bozzetti F, Hütterer E, Isenring E, Kaasa S, et al: ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition in cancer. Clin Nutr. 40:2898–2913. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Wang S, Zheng R, Arnold M, Abnet C, Zeng H, Zhang S, Chen R, Sun K, Li L, An L, et al: Global and national trends in the age-specific sex ratio of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer by subtype. Int J Cancer. 151:1447–1461. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Asaka M, Kobayashi M, Kudo T, Akino K, Asaka Y, Fujimori K, Kikuchi S, Kawai S and Kato M: Gastric cancer deaths by age group in Japan: Outlook on preventive measures for elderly adults. Cancer Sci. 111:3845–3853. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Rodríguez JI, Kutscher M, Lemus M, Crovari F, Pimentel F and Briceño E: Palliative gastrojejunostomy in unresectable cancer and gastric outlet obstruction: A retrospective cohort study. Ann Roy Coll Surg. 103:197–202. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Chen XJ, Chen GM, Wei YC, Yu H, Wang XC, Zhao ZK, Luo TQ, Nie RC and Zhou ZW: Palliative gastrectomy versus gastrojejunostomy for advanced Gastric cancer with outlet obstruction: A propensity score matching analysis. BMC Cancer. 21:1882021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Zu H, Wang H, Li C, Zhu W and Xue Y: The predictive and prognostic factors in patients with gastric cancer accompanied by gastric outlet obstruction. Gastroent Res Pract. 2020:65295632020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Chen ZH, Lin SY, Dai QB, Hua J and Chen SQ: The effects of pre-operative enteral nutrition from nasal feeding tubes on gastric outlet obstruction. Nutrients. 9:3732017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Ramos MFKP, Barchi LC, de Oliveira RJ, Pereira MA, Mucerino DR, Ribeiro U Jr, Zilberstein B and Cecconello I: Gastric partitioning for the treatment of malignant gastric outlet obstruction. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 11:1161–1171. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Huang B, Sunde B, Tsekrekos A, Hayami M, Rouvelas I, Nilsson M, Lindblad M and Klevebro F: Partial stomach-partitioning gastrojejunostomy for gastric outlet obstruction: A cohort study based on consecutive case series from a single center. Asian J Surg. 45:326–331. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Gillis C and Wischmeyer PE: Pre-operative nutrition and the elective surgical patient: Why, how and what? Anaesthesia. 74 (Suppl 1):S27–S35. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Weimann A, Braga M, Carli F, Higashiguchi T, Hübner M, Klek S, Laviano A, Ljungqvist O, Lobo DN, Martindale R, et al: ESPEN guideline: Clinical nutrition in surgery. Clin Nutr. 36:623–650. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Amano K, Maeda I, Ishiki H, Miura T, Hatano Y, Tsukuura H, Taniyama T, Matsumoto Y, Matsuda Y, Kohara H, et al: Effects of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition on survival in patients with advanced cancer cachexia: Analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr. 40:1168–1175. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Oshima T, Singer P and Pichard C: Parenteral or enteral nutrition: Do you have the choice? Curr Opin Crit Care. 22:292–298. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Abunnaja S, Cuviello A and Sanchez JA: Enteral and parenteral nutrition in the perioperative period: State of the art. Nutrients. 5:608–623. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Li G, He L and Sun H: Nutritional risk index predicts the prognosis of gastric cancer patients with pyloric stenosis who received preoperative parenteral nutrition. Oncol Lett. 26:4012023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Jiao X, Wang Y, Qu X, Qu J and Wang X: Effects of preoperative pyloric stenosis on outcomes and nutritional status in 73 patients following curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A retrospective study from a single center. Med Sci Monit. 27:e9309742021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Fukuda Y, Yamamoto K, Hirao M, Nishikawa K, Maeda S, Haraguchi N, Miyake M, Hama N, Miyamoto A, Ikeda M, et al: Prevalence of malnutrition among gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy and optimal preoperative nutritional support for preventing surgical site infections. Ann Surg Oncol. 22 (Suppl 3):S778–S785. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Shen Y, Zhou Y, He T and Zhuang X: Effect of preoperative nutritional risk screening and enteral nutrition support in accelerated recovery after resection for esophageal cancer. Nutr Cancer. 73:596–601. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Li J, Li S, Xi H, Liu P, Liang W, Gao Y, Wang C, Wei B, Chen L, Tang Y and Qiao Z: Effect of preoperative nutrition therapy type and duration on short-time outcomes in gastric cancer patient with gastric outlet obstruction. Chin J Cancer Res. 33:232–242. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Lappas BM, Patel D, Kumpf V, Adams DW and Seidner DL: Parenteral nutrition: Indications, access, and complications. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 47:39–59. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Mattson MP, Longo VD and Harvie M: Impact of intermittent fasting on health and disease processes. Ageing Res Rev. 39:46–58. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Hom J, Lam SHF, Delaney KM, Koos JA and Kunkov S: Vomiting, pyloric mass, and point-of-care ultrasound: Diagnostic test accuracy for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis-a meta-analysis. J Emerg Med. 65:e427–e431. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Gilna GP, Saberi RA, Huerta CT, O'Neil CF, Ramsey WA, Parreco JP, Thorson CM, Sola JE and Perez EA: Laparoscopic versus open pyloromyotomies: Outcomes and disparities in pyloric stenosis. J Pediatr Surg. 57:932–936. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Danko ME, Evans PT and Upperman JS: Current management of pyloric stenosis. Semin Pediatr Surg. 31:1511452022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Cadena AJ, Habib S, Rincon F and Dobak S: The benefits of parenteral nutrition (PN) versus enteral nutrition (EN) among adult critically Ill patients: What is the evidence? A literature review. J Intensive Care Med. 35:615–626. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Elke G, van Zanten AR, Lemieux M, McCall M, Jeejeebhoy KN, Kott M, Jiang X, Day AG and Heyland DK: Enteral versus parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Care. 20:1172016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Pash E: Enteral nutrition: Options for short-term access. Nutr Clin Pract. 33:170–176. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Baiu I and Spain DA: Enteral nutrition. JAMA. 321:20402019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Ye BW, Lee KC and Hou MC: Endoscopic management of malignant gastric outlet obstruction. J Chin Med Assoc. 84:346–353. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Qu C, Yu X, Duan Z, Zhou J, Mao W, Wei M, Cao L, Zhang J, Zhang H, Ke L, et al: Clinical characteristics and management of gastric outlet obstruction in acute pancreatitis. Pancreatology. 21:64–68. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Sun H, Chen L, Huang R, Pan H, Zuo Y, Zhao R, Xue Y and Song H: Prognostic nutritional index for predicting the clinical outcomes of patients with gastric cancer who received immune checkpoint inhibitors. Front Nutr. 9:10381182022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Salas S, Cottet V, Dossus L, Fassier P, Ginhac J, Latino-Martel P, Romieu I, Schneider S, Srour B, Touillaud M, et al: Nutritional factors during and after cancer: Impacts on survival and quality of life. Nutrients. 14:29582022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Mizukami T and Piao Y: Role of nutritional care and general guidance for patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Future Oncol. 17:3101–3109. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Xu LB, Shi MM, Huang ZX, Zhang WT, Zhang HH, Shen X and Chen XD: Impact of malnutrition diagnosed using global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria on clinical outcomes of patients with gastric cancer. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 46:385–394. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Park JH, Kim E, Seol EM, Kong SH, Park DJ, Yang HK, Choi JH, Park SH, Choe HN, Kweon M, et al: Prediction model for screening patients at risk of malnutrition after gastric cancer surgery. Ann Surg Oncol. 28:4471–4481. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang C and Yang D: Effect of different preoperative nutritional treatments on postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction. Oncol Lett 27: 214, 2024.
APA
Wang, C., & Yang, D. (2024). Effect of different preoperative nutritional treatments on postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction. Oncology Letters, 27, 214. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14348
MLA
Wang, C., Yang, D."Effect of different preoperative nutritional treatments on postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction". Oncology Letters 27.5 (2024): 214.
Chicago
Wang, C., Yang, D."Effect of different preoperative nutritional treatments on postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction". Oncology Letters 27, no. 5 (2024): 214. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14348
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang C and Yang D: Effect of different preoperative nutritional treatments on postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction. Oncol Lett 27: 214, 2024.
APA
Wang, C., & Yang, D. (2024). Effect of different preoperative nutritional treatments on postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction. Oncology Letters, 27, 214. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14348
MLA
Wang, C., Yang, D."Effect of different preoperative nutritional treatments on postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction". Oncology Letters 27.5 (2024): 214.
Chicago
Wang, C., Yang, D."Effect of different preoperative nutritional treatments on postoperative recovery and clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer and early gastric outlet obstruction". Oncology Letters 27, no. 5 (2024): 214. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14348
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team