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Analysis of the clonal origin and differences in the biological behavior of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Wei Sun
    • Qihong Hu
    • Zhi Liu
    • Qing Zhang
    • Jian Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Ma'anshan People's Hospital, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243000, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Ma'anshan People's Hospital, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Sun et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 544
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    Published online on: September 10, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14677
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Abstract

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) exhibits a trend of multifocal growth. However, the clonal origin of multiple cancer foci in the thyroid gland remains an issue of ongoing debate. In order to investigate the clonal origin and biological behavior differences of multifocal PTC (MPTC) from a unique perspective, a combination of dual gene and dual protein detection methods was used. The present study included 52 patients with MPTC. Immunohistochemical staining was used to assess the expression of v‑raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) proteins, while quantitative PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to identify BRAF and TERT gene mutations. Based on the results, MPTC cases were classified into two clonal origins, namely intraglandular metastatic (71.2%) and independent multicentric origin (28.8%). BRAF protein expression and BRAF gene mutation were significantly higher in the intraglandular metastasis group than in the multicentric cancer group. However, no significant differences in TERT protein expression and TERT gene mutation were observed between the two groups. Sex, central lymph node metastasis rate, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and tumor distribution laterality were not found to differ significantly between the two groups. However, significant differences were detected in age at initial diagnosis, lateral cervical lymph node metastasis rate, tumor capsule invasion rate and maximum tumor diameter. The study found that MPTC predominantly occurs due to intraglandular metastasis, which is associated with stronger tumor invasiveness than cancer foci with multiple independent origins, as it is more likely to exhibit pathogenic gene mutations and abnormal protein expression, cervical lymph node metastasis and capsule invasion. Therefore, it is recommended that the surgical approaches and follow‑up strategies for intraglandular metastatic MPTC should be aggressive and individualized.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Sun W, Hu Q, Liu Z, Zhang Q and Wang J: Analysis of the clonal origin and differences in the biological behavior of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Lett 28: 544, 2024.
APA
Sun, W., Hu, Q., Liu, Z., Zhang, Q., & Wang, J. (2024). Analysis of the clonal origin and differences in the biological behavior of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma. Oncology Letters, 28, 544. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14677
MLA
Sun, W., Hu, Q., Liu, Z., Zhang, Q., Wang, J."Analysis of the clonal origin and differences in the biological behavior of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma". Oncology Letters 28.5 (2024): 544.
Chicago
Sun, W., Hu, Q., Liu, Z., Zhang, Q., Wang, J."Analysis of the clonal origin and differences in the biological behavior of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma". Oncology Letters 28, no. 5 (2024): 544. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14677
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Sun W, Hu Q, Liu Z, Zhang Q and Wang J: Analysis of the clonal origin and differences in the biological behavior of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Lett 28: 544, 2024.
APA
Sun, W., Hu, Q., Liu, Z., Zhang, Q., & Wang, J. (2024). Analysis of the clonal origin and differences in the biological behavior of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma. Oncology Letters, 28, 544. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14677
MLA
Sun, W., Hu, Q., Liu, Z., Zhang, Q., Wang, J."Analysis of the clonal origin and differences in the biological behavior of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma". Oncology Letters 28.5 (2024): 544.
Chicago
Sun, W., Hu, Q., Liu, Z., Zhang, Q., Wang, J."Analysis of the clonal origin and differences in the biological behavior of multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma". Oncology Letters 28, no. 5 (2024): 544. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14677
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