Open Access

PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitor‑based immunotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic triple‑negative breast cancer: A meta‑analysis

  • Authors:
    • Yonghui Chen
    • Liji Shi
    • Weihua Yin
    • Hongmei Xia
    • Canling Lin
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 13, 2024     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14803
  • Article Number: 57
  • Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that is negative for oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression. Locally advanced and metastatic TNBC not only have a worse prognosis and are more invasive than TNBC, but are also the most immunogenic subtypes of breast cancer. There is still a lack of clarity regarding the optimal treatment of locally advanced or metastatic TNBC. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‑1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD‑L1) inhibitor‑based immunotherapy [i.e., immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)] alone or in combination with other therapies for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic TNBC. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched up to July 19, 2023 to identify studies that examined the efficacy and safety of ICIs for treating TNBC. The primary outcomes were progression‑free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The secondary outcomes were safety and adverse events. The data were analysed using Review Manager 5.4. A total of 8 studies (3,338 patients) were included in the present meta‑analysis. Compared with other therapies, ICIs had a significantly different effect on OS [hazard ratio (HR)=0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.69‑1.00; P<0.05; I2=59%] in patients with locally advanced or metastatic TNBC. In addition, ICIs significantly prolonged PFS compared with other therapies (intent‑to‑treat: HR=0.81; 95% CI=0.75‑0.88; P<0.00001; I2=0%). Immunotherapy based on PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors showed variable efficacy on OS and PFS in TNBC, while a significant improvement was observed for PD‑L1(+). Future studies should focus on PD‑L1 subgroup status, which may help optimize personalized treatment regimens for TNBC.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Chen Y, Shi L, Yin W, Xia H and Lin C: PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitor‑based immunotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic triple‑negative breast cancer: A meta‑analysis. Oncol Lett 29: 57, 2025.
APA
Chen, Y., Shi, L., Yin, W., Xia, H., & Lin, C. (2025). PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitor‑based immunotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic triple‑negative breast cancer: A meta‑analysis. Oncology Letters, 29, 57. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14803
MLA
Chen, Y., Shi, L., Yin, W., Xia, H., Lin, C."PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitor‑based immunotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic triple‑negative breast cancer: A meta‑analysis". Oncology Letters 29.1 (2025): 57.
Chicago
Chen, Y., Shi, L., Yin, W., Xia, H., Lin, C."PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitor‑based immunotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic triple‑negative breast cancer: A meta‑analysis". Oncology Letters 29, no. 1 (2025): 57. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14803