|
1
|
Siegfried G, Liu Y, He Z, Evrard S,
Badiola I, Pernot S, Creemers JWM and Khatib AM: Furin-like enzyme
dependency in KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer as a target for
personalized treatment strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer.
1881:1896202026. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
2
|
He Z, Khatib AM and Creemers JWM: The
proprotein convertase furin in cancer: More than an oncogene.
Oncogene. 41:1252–1262. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
3
|
Seidah NG and Prat A: The biology and
therapeutic targeting of the proprotein convertases. Nat Rev Drug
Discov. 11:367–383. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
4
|
Spolitu S, Dai W, Zadroga JA and Ozcan L:
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and lipid metabolism.
Curr Opin Lipidol. 30:186–191. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
5
|
Abifadel M, Varret M, Rabès JP, Allard D,
Ouguerram K, Devillers M, Cruaud C, Benjannet S, Wickham L, Erlich
D, et al: Mutations in PCSK9 cause autosomal dominant
hypercholesterolemia. Nat Genet. 34:154–156. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
6
|
Wang L, Li S, Luo H, Lu Q and Yu S: PCSK9
promotes the progression and metastasis of colon cancer cells
through regulation of EMT and PI3K/AKT signaling in tumor cells and
phenotypic polarization of macrophages. J Exp Clin Cancer Res.
41:3032022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
7
|
Xia XD, Peng ZS, Gu HM, Wang M, Wang GQ
and Zhang DW: Regulation of PCSK9 expression and function:
Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Cardiovasc Med.
8:7640382021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
8
|
Cunningham D, Danley DE, Geoghegan KF,
Griffor MC, Hawkins JL, Subashi TA, Varghese AH, Ammirati MJ, Culp
JS, Hoth LR, et al: Structural and biophysical studies of PCSK9 and
its mutants linked to familial hypercholesterolemia. Nat Struct Mol
Biol. 14:413–419. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
9
|
Deng SJ, Shen Y, Gu HM, Guo S, Wu SR and
Zhang DW: The role of the C-terminal domain of PCSK9 and SEC24
isoforms in PCSK9 secretion. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol
Lipids. 1865:1586602020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
10
|
Fruchart Gaillard C, Ouadda ABD, Ciccone
L, Girard E, Mikaeeli S, Evagelidis A, Le Dévéhat M, Susan-Resiga
D, Lajeunesse EC, Nozach H, et al: Molecular interactions of PCSK9
with an inhibitory nanobody, CAP1 and HLA-C: Functional regulation
of LDLR levels. Mol Metab. 67:1016622023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
11
|
Sánchez-Hernández RM, Di Taranto MD,
Benito-Vicente A, Uribe KB, Lamiquiz-Moneo I, Larrea-Sebal A,
Jebari S, Galicia-Garcia U, Nóvoa FJ, Boronat M, et al: The
Arg499His gain-of-function mutation in the C-terminal domain of
PCSK9. Atherosclerosis. 289:162–172. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
12
|
Nassoury N, Blasiole DA, Tebon Oler A,
Benjannet S, Hamelin J, Poupon V, McPherson PS, Attie AD, Prat A
and Seidah NG: The cellular trafficking of the secretory proprotein
convertase PCSK9 and its dependence on the LDLR. Traffic.
8:718–732. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
13
|
Uhlen M, Karlsson MJ, Zhong W, Tebani A,
Pou C, Mikes J, Lakshmikanth T, Forsström B, Edfors F, Odeberg J,
et al: A genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of protein-coding
genes in human blood cells. Science. 366:eaax91982019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
14
|
Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Sabouri-Rad S, Gotto
AM, Pirro M, Banach M, Awan Z, Barreto GE and Sahebkar A: PCSK9 and
inflammation: A review of experimental and clinical evidence. Eur
Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 5:237–245. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
15
|
Cameron J, Holla ØL, Laerdahl JK, Kulseth
MA, Berge KE and Leren TP: Mutation S462P in the PCSK9 gene reduces
secretion of mutant PCSK9 without affecting the autocatalytic
cleavage. Atherosclerosis. 203:161–165. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
16
|
Guo Q, Feng X and Zhou Y: PCSK9 variants
in familial hypercholesterolemia: A comprehensive synopsis. Front
Genet. 11:10202020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
17
|
Guella I, Asselta R, Ardissino D, Merlini
PA, Peyvandi F, Kathiresan S, Mannucci PM, Tubaro M and Duga S:
Effects of PCSK9 genetic variants on plasma LDL cholesterol levels
and risk of premature myocardial infarction in the Italian
population. J Lipid Res. 51:3342–3349. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
18
|
Chernogubova E, Strawbridge R, Mahdessian
H, Mälarstig A, Krapivner S, Gigante B, Hellénius ML, de Faire U,
Franco-Cereceda A, Syvänen AC, et al: Common and low-frequency
genetic variants in the pcsk9 locus influence circulating PCSK9
levels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 32:1526–1534. 2012.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
19
|
Saavedra YGL, Dufour R, Davignon J and
Baass A: PCSK9 R46L, lower LDL, and cardiovascular disease risk in
familial hypercholesterolemia: A cross-sectional cohort study.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 34:2700–2705. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
20
|
Langsted A, Nordestgaard BG, Benn M,
Tybjærg-Hansen A and Kamstrup PR: PCSK9 R46L loss-of-function
mutation reduces lipoprotein(a), LDL cholesterol, and risk of
aortic valve stenosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 101:3281–3287.
2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
21
|
Mostaza JM, Lahoz C, Salinero-Fort MA, de
Dios O, Castillo E, González-Alegre T, García-Iglesias F, Estirado
E, Laguna F, Sabín C, et al: R46L polymorphism in the PCSK9 gene:
Relationship to lipid levels, subclinical vascular disease, and
erectile dysfunction. J Clin Lipidol. 12:1039–1046.e3. 2018.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
22
|
Benn M, Nordestgaard BG, Grande P, Schnohr
P and Tybjaerg-Hansen A: PCSK9 R46L, low-density lipoprotein
cholesterol levels, and risk of ischemic heart disease: 3
independent studies and meta-analyses. J Am Coll Cardiol.
55:2833–2842. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
23
|
Da Dalt L, Castiglioni L, Baragetti A,
Audano M, Svecla M, Bonacina F, Pedretti S, Uboldi P, Benzoni P,
Giannetti F, et al: PCSK9 deficiency rewires heart metabolism and
drives heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J.
42:3078–3090. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
24
|
Liu S, Wan J, Wang D, Yang Y, Fang J, Luo
T, Liang D, Hu J, Hou J and Wang P: Effect of the PCSK9 R46L
genetic variant on plasma insulin and glucose levels, risk of
diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis. Nutr
Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 34:1339–1351. 2024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
25
|
Taylor A, Tabrah S, Wang D, Sozen M,
Duxbury N, Whittall R, Humphries SE and Norbury G: Multiplex ARMS
analysis to detect 13 common mutations in familial
hypercholesterolaemia. Clin Genet. 71:561–568. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
26
|
Humphries SE, Whittall RA, Hubbart CS,
Maplebeck S, Cooper JA, Soutar AK, Naoumova R, Thompson GR, Seed M,
Durrington PN, et al: Genetic causes of familial
hypercholesterolaemia in patients in the UK: Relation to plasma
lipid levels and coronary heart disease risk. J Med Genet.
43:943–949. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
27
|
Kaya E, Kayıkçıoğlu M, Tetik Vardarlı A,
Eroğlu Z, Payzın S and Can L: PCSK 9 gain-of-function mutations
(R496W and D374Y) and clinical cardiovascular characteristics in a
cohort of Turkish patients with familial hypercholesterolemia.
Anatol J Cardiol. 18:266–272. 2017.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
28
|
Eroğlu Z, Tetik Vardarlı A, Düzgün Z,
Gündüz C, Bozok Çetintaş V and Kayıkçıoğlu M: Case-control study on
PCSK9 R496W (rs374603772) and D374Y (rs137852912) mutations in
Turkish patients with primary dyslipidemia. Anatol J Cardiol.
19:334–340. 2018.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
29
|
Humphries SE, Neely RDG, Whittall RA,
Troutt JS, Konrad RJ, Scartezini M, Li KW, Cooper JA, Acharya J and
Neil A: Healthy individuals carrying the PCSK9 p.R46L variant and
familial hypercholesterolemia patients carrying PCSK9 p.D374Y
exhibit lower plasma concentrations of PCSK9. Clin Chem.
55:2153–2161. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
30
|
Bourbon M, Alves AC, Medeiros AM, Silva S
and Soutar AK: Familial hypercholesterolaemia in Portugal.
Atherosclerosis. 196:633–642. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
31
|
Mabuchi H, Nohara A, Noguchi T, Kobayashi
J, Kawashiri MA, Inoue T, Mori M, Tada H, Nakanishi C, Yagi K, et
al: Genotypic and phenotypic features in homozygous familial
hypercholesterolemia caused by proprotein convertase
subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gain-of-function mutation.
Atherosclerosis. 236:54–61. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
32
|
Ohta N, Hori M, Takahashi A, Ogura M,
Makino H, Tamanaha T, Fujiyama H, Miyamoto Y and Harada-Shiba M:
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 V4I variant with LDLR
mutations modifies the phenotype of familial hypercholesterolemia.
J Clin Lipidol. 10:547–555.e5. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
33
|
Noguchi T, Katsuda S, Kawashiri MA, Tada
H, Nohara A, Inazu A, Yamagishi M, Kobayashi J and Mabuchi H: The
E32K variant of PCSK9 exacerbates the phenotype of familial
hypercholesterolaemia by increasing PCSK9 function and
concentration in the circulation. Atherosclerosis. 210:166–172.
2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
34
|
Barcena ML, Estepa M, Marx L, Breiter A,
Haritonow N and Stawowy P: The impact of the PCSK-9/VLDL-receptor
axis on inflammatory cell polarization. Cytokine. 161:1560772023.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
35
|
Poirier S, Mayer G, Benjannet S, Bergeron
E, Marcinkiewicz J, Nassoury N, Mayer H, Nimpf J, Prat A and Seidah
NG: The proprotein convertase PCSK9 induces the degradation of low
density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and its closest family members
VLDLR and ApoER2. J Biol Chem. 283:2363–2372. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
36
|
Canuel M, Sun X, Asselin MC, Paramithiotis
E, Prat A and Seidah NG: Proprotein convertase Subtilisin/Kexin
type 9 (PCSK9) can mediate degradation of the low density
lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1). PLoS One.
8:e641452013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
37
|
Badimon L, Luquero A, Crespo J, Peña E and
Borrell-Pages M: PCSK9 and LRP5 in macrophage lipid internalization
and inflammation. Cardiovasc Res. 117:2054–2068. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
38
|
Demers A, Samami S, Lauzier B, Des Rosiers
C, Sock ETN, Ong H and Mayer G: PCSK9 induces CD36 degradation and
affects Long-chain fatty acid uptake and triglyceride metabolism in
adipocytes and in mouse liver. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol.
35:2517–2525. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
39
|
Labont́e P, Begley S, Gúevin C, Asselin
MC, Nassoury N, Mayer G, Prat A and Seidah NG: PCSK9 impedes
hepatitis C virus infection in vitro and modulates liver CD81
expression. Hepatology. 50:17–24. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
40
|
Le QT, Blanchet M, Seidah NG and Labonté
P: Plasma membrane tetraspanin CD81 complexes with proprotein
convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and low density
lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), and Its levels are reduced by PCSK9. J
Biol Chem. 290:23385–23400. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
41
|
Essalmani R, Andréo U, Evagelidis A, Le
Dévéhat M, Pereira Ramos OH, Fruchart Gaillard C, Susan-Resiga D,
Cohen ÉA and Seidah NG: SKI-1/S1P Facilitates SARS-CoV-2 spike
induced Cell-to-Cell fusion via activation of SREBP-2 and
Metalloproteases, Whereas PCSK9 enhances the degradation of ACE2.
Viruses. 15:3602023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
42
|
Sun Y, Zhang H, Meng J, Guo F, Ren D, Wu H
and Jin X: S-palmitoylation of PCSK9 induces sorafenib resistance
in liver cancer by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Cell Rep.
40:1111942022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
43
|
Jonas MC, Costantini C and Puglielli L:
PCSK9 is required for the disposal of non-acetylated intermediates
of the nascent membrane protein BACE1. EMBO Rep. 9:916–922. 2008.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
44
|
Liu X, Bao X, Hu M, Chang H, Jiao M, Cheng
J, Xie L, Huang Q, Li F and Li CY: Inhibition of PCSK9 potentiates
immune checkpoint therapy for cancer. Nature. 588:693–698. 2020.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
45
|
Wang H, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Shi T, Zhang Y,
Song X, Liu B, Wang Y and Wei J: Targeting PCSK9 to upregulate
MHC-II on the surface of tumor cells in tumor immunotherapy. BMC
Cancer. 24:4452024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
46
|
Lin Q, Liu W, Xu S and Sun L: Associations
of preoperative serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with the prognosis of
ovarian cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 305:683–691. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
47
|
Gu J, Zhu N, Li HF, Zhao TJ, Zhang CJ,
Liao DF and Qin L: Cholesterol homeostasis and cancer: A new
perspective on the low-density lipoprotein receptor. Cell Oncol.
45:709–728. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
48
|
Seidah NG and Garçon D: Expanding biology
of PCSK9: Roles in atherosclerosis and beyond. Curr Atheroscler
Rep. 24:821–830. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
49
|
Tang Z, Kang B, Li C, Chen T and Zhang Z:
GEPIA2: An enhanced web server for large-scale expression profiling
and interactive analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 47:W556–W560. 2019.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
50
|
Liu X, Lv M, Zhang W and Zhan Q:
Dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism in cancer progression.
Oncogene. 42:3289–3302. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
51
|
Shafique K, McLoone P, Qureshi K, Leung H,
Hart C and Morrison DS: Cholesterol and the risk of grade-specific
prostate cancer incidence: Evidence from two large prospective
cohort studies with up to 37 years' follow up. BMC Cancer.
12:252012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
52
|
Lorestani P, Faghihkhorasani F, Saffar H,
Darabi B, Tavakoli Y, Lorestani AM, Ghiasi M and Jazi K: The impact
of cholecystectomy on colorectal cancer risk: A comprehensive
review on risk factors and the association. Curr Gastroenterol Rep.
27:592025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
53
|
Zhang D, Xi Y and Feng Y: Ovarian cancer
risk in relation to blood lipid levels and hyperlipidemia: A
systematic review and meta-analysis of observational epidemiologic
studies. Eur J Cancer Prev. 30:161–170. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
54
|
Patel KK and Kashfi K: Lipoproteins and
cancer: The role of HDL-C, LDL-C, and cholesterol-lowering drugs.
Biochem Pharmacol. 196:1146542022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
55
|
Murai T: Cholesterol lowering: Role in
cancer prevention and treatment. Biol Chem. 396:1–11. 2015.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
56
|
Wang Y, Sun XQ, Lin HC, Wang DS, Wang ZQ,
Shao Q, Wang FH, Yan SM, Liang JY, Zeng ZL, et al: Correlation
between immune signature and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
level in stage II/III colorectal cancer. Cancer Med. 8:1209–1217.
2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
57
|
Rodrigues Dos Santos C, Domingues G,
Matias I, Matos J, Fonseca I, De Almeida JM and Dias S:
LDL-cholesterol signaling induces breast cancer proliferation and
invasion. Lipids Health Dis. 13:162014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
58
|
Lupo MG, Marchianò S, Adorni MP, Zimetti
F, Ruscica M, Greco MF, Corsini A and Ferri N: Pcsk9 induces rat
smooth muscle cell proliferation and counteracts the pleiotropic
effects of simvastatin. Int J Mol Sci. 22:41142021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
59
|
Zhang Q, Miao M, Cao S, Liu D, Cao Z, Bai
X, Yin Y, Jin S, Dong L and Zheng M: PCSK9 promotes vascular
neointimal hyperplasia through non-lipid regulation of vascular
smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and autophagy. Biochem
Biophys Res Commun. 742:1510812025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
60
|
Liu Y, Zhao Y, Feng P and Jiang H: PCSK9
inhibitor attenuates atherosclerosis by regulating
SNHG16/EZH2/TRAF5-mediated VSMC proliferation, migration, and foam
cell formation. Cell Biol Int. 47:1267–1280. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
61
|
Roudaut M, Idriss S, Caillaud A, Girardeau
A, Rimbert A, Champon B, David A, Lévêque A, Arnaud L, Pichelin M,
et al: PCSK9 regulates the NODAL signaling pathway and cellular
proliferation in hiPSCs. Stem Cell Reports. 16:2958–2972. 2021.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
62
|
Ferri N, Marchianò S, Tibolla G, Baetta R,
Dhyani A, Ruscica M, Uboldi P, Catapano AL and Corsini A: PCSK9
knock-out mice are protected from neointimal formation in response
to perivascular carotid collar placement. Atherosclerosis.
253:214–224. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
63
|
Zaid A, Roubtsova A, Essalmani R,
Marcinkiewicz J, Chamberland A, Hamelin J, Tremblay M, Jacques H,
Jin W, Davignon J, et al: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin
type 9 (PCSK9): Hepatocyte-specific low-density lipoprotein
receptor degradation and critical role in mouse liver regeneration.
Hepatology. 48:646–654. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
64
|
Sun X, Essalmani R, Day R, Khatib AM,
Seidah NG and Prat A: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9
deficiency reduces melanoma metastasis in liver. Neoplasia.
14:1122–1131. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
65
|
Wang H, Guo Q, Wang M, Liu C and Tian Z:
PCSK9 promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration by
facilitating CCL25 secretion in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Oncol Lett. 26:5002023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
66
|
Xu X, Cui Y, Cao L, Zhang Y, Yin Y and Hu
X: PCSK9 regulates apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549
cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial signaling
pathways. Exp Ther Med. 13:1993–1999. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
67
|
Piao MX, Bai JW, Zhang PF and Zhang YZ:
PCSK9 regulates apoptosis in human neuroglioma u251 cells via
mitochondrial signaling pathways. Int J Clin Exp Pathol.
8:2787–2794. 2015.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
68
|
Bai J, Na H, Hua X, Wei Y, Ye T, Zhang Y,
Jian G, Zeng W, Yan L and Tang Q: A retrospective study of NENs and
miR-224 promotes apoptosis of BON-1 cells by targeting PCSK9
inhibition. Oncotarget. 8:6929–6939. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
69
|
Zhang SZ, Zhu XD, Feng LH, Li XL, Liu XF,
Sun HC and Tang ZY: PCSK9 promotes tumor growth by inhibiting tumor
cell apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Hematol Oncol.
10:252021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
70
|
Xu B, Li S, Fang Y, Zou Y, Song D, Zhang S
and Cai Y: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 promotes
gastric cancer metastasis and suppresses apoptosis by facilitating
MAPK signaling pathway through HSP70 Up-regulation. Front Oncol.
10:6096632021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
71
|
Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Nik ME, Jaafari MR,
Banach M and Sahebkar A: Effects of immunisation against PCSK9 in
mice bearing melanoma. Arch Med Sci. 16:189–199. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
72
|
Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Ebrahimi Nik M, Reza
Jaafari M, Banach M and Sahebkar A: Effects of immunization against
PCSK9 in an experimental model of breast cancer. Arch Med Sci.
15:570–579. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
73
|
Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Nik ME, Jaafari MR,
Banach M and Sahebkar A: Potential anti-tumor effect of a
nanoliposomal antiPCSK9 vaccine in mice bearing colorectal cancer.
Arch Med Sci. 15:559–569. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
74
|
Yarmolinsky J, Bull CJ, Vincent EE,
Robinson J, Walther A, Smith GD, Lewis SJ, Relton CL and Martin RM:
Association between genetically proxied inhibition of HMG-CoA
reductase and epithelial ovarian cancer. JAMA. 323:646–655. 2020.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
75
|
Li Y, Liu F, Cai Q, Deng L, Ouyang Q,
Zhang XHF and Zheng J: Invasion and metastasis in cancer: Molecular
insights and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther.
10:572025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
76
|
Matar P, Rozados VR, Binda MM, Roggero EA,
Bonfil RD and Scharovsky OG: Inhibitory effect of Lovastatin on
spontaneous metastases derived from a rat lymphoma. Clin Exp
Metastasis. 17:19–25. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
77
|
Kusama T, Mukai M, Akedo H, Inoue M,
Nakamura H, Iwasaki T and Tatsuta M:
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase inhibitors reduce
human pancreatic cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
Gastroenterology. 122:308–317. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
78
|
Rodrigues dos Santos C, Fonseca I, Dias S
and de Almeida JCM: Plasma level of LDL-cholesterol at diagnosis is
a predictor factor of breast tumor progression. BMC Cancer.
14:1322014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
79
|
Ahmed NA, Mohyeldin MM, Ebrahim HY,
McGehee OC, Tarun MTI and El Sayed KA: (−)-Oleuropein as a novel
metastatic Castration-resistant prostate cancer progression and
recurrence suppressor via targeting PCSK9-LDLR axis. Nutrients.
17:14452025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
80
|
López-Alonso I, López-Martínez C,
Martín-Vicente P, Amado-Rodríguez L, González-López A,
Mayordomo-Colunga J, Del Busto C, Bernal M, Crespo I, Astudillo A,
et al: Mechanical ventilation promotes lung tumour spread by
modulation of cholesterol cell content. Eur Respir J.
60:21014702022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
81
|
Suh JM, Son Y, Yoo JY, Goh Y, Seidah NG,
Lee S and Bae YS: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin Type 9 is
required for Ahnak-mediated metastasis of melanoma into lung
epithelial cells. Neoplasia. 23:993–1001. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
82
|
Rademaker G, Hernandez GA, Seo Y, Dahal S,
Miller-Phillips L, Li AL, Peng XL, Luan C, Qiu L, Liegeois MA, et
al: PCSK9 drives sterol-dependent metastatic organ choice in
pancreatic cancer. Nature. 643:1381–1390. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
83
|
Freitas FP, Alborzinia H, dos Santos AF,
Nepachalovich P, Pedrera L, Zilka O, Inague A, Klein C, Aroua N,
Kaushal K, et al: 7-Dehydrocholesterol is an endogenous suppressor
of ferroptosis. Nature. 626:401–410. 2024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
84
|
Xu Y, Xu Y, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Xiong Q and
Zhu Q: Serum PCSK9 is a novel serological biomarker for the
diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. PeerJ. 12:e180182024.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
85
|
Mei W, Faraj Tabrizi S, Godina C, Lovisa
AF, Isaksson K, Jernström H and Tavazoie SF: A commonly inherited
human PCSK9 germline variant drives breast cancer metastasis via
LRP1 receptor. Cell. 188:371–389.e28. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
86
|
Jin HR, Wang J, Wang ZJ, Xi MJ, Xia BH,
Deng K and Yang JL: Lipid metabolic reprogramming in tumor
microenvironment: From mechanisms to therapeutics. J Hematol Oncol.
16:1032023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
87
|
Jiang W, Jin WL and Xu AM: Cholesterol
metabolism in tumor microenvironment: Cancer hallmarks and
therapeutic opportunities. Int J Biol Sci. 20:2044–2071. 2024.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
88
|
Wong CC, Wu JL, Ji F, Kang W, Bian X, Chen
H, Chan LS, Luk STY, Tong S, Xu J, et al: The cholesterol uptake
regulator PCSK9 promotes and is a therapeutic target in
APC/KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer. Nat Commun. 13:39712022.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
89
|
Gan SS, Ye JQ, Wang L, Qu FJ, Chu CM, Tian
YJ, Yang W and Cui XG: Inhibition of PCSK9 protects against
radiationinduced damage of prostate cancer cells. Onco Targets
Ther. 10:2139–2146. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
90
|
Kuang H, Lyu JH and Li T: Cholesterol
metabolism and tumor radiotherapy. J Nutr Oncol. 8:121–128. 2023.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
91
|
Yang J, Wang L and Jia R: Role of de novo
cholesterol synthesis enzymes in cancer. J Cancer. 11:1761–1767.
2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
92
|
Alannan M, Trézéguet V, Amoêdo ND,
Rossignol R, Mahfouf W, Rezvani HR, Dittrich-Domergue F, Moreau P,
Lacomme S, Gontier E, et al: Rewiring lipid metabolism by targeting
PCSK9 and HMGCR to treat liver cancer. Cancers (Basel). 15:32022.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
93
|
Benador IY, Veliova M, Liesa M and
Shirihai OS: Mitochondria bound to lipid droplets: Where
mitochondrial dynamics regulate lipid storage and utilization. Cell
Metab. 29:827–835. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
94
|
Alannan M, Fatrouni H, Trézéguet V,
Dittrich-Domergue F, Moreau P, Siegfried G, Liet B, Khatib AM,
Grosset CF, Badran B, et al: Targeting PCSK9 in liver cancer cells
triggers metabolic exhaustion and cell death by ferroptosis. Cells.
12:622022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
95
|
Schmidt AF, Swerdlow DI, Holmes MV, Patel
RS, Fairhurst-Hunter Z, Lyall DM, Hartwig FP, Horta BL, Hyppönen E,
Power C, et al: PCSK9 genetic variants and risk of type 2 diabetes:
A mendelian randomisation study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol.
5:97–105. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
96
|
Marku A, Da Dalt L, Galli A, Dule N,
Corsetto P, Rizzo AM, Moregola A, Uboldi P, Bonacina F, Marciani P,
et al: Pancreatic PCSK9 controls the organization of the β-cell
secretory pathway via LDLR-cholesterol axis. Metabolism.
136:1552912022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
97
|
Liu Z, Chen H, Zheng L, Sun L and Shi L:
Angiogenic signaling pathways and anti-angiogenic therapy for
cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 8:1982023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
98
|
Feleszko W, Bałkowiec EZ, Sieberth E,
Marczak M, Dabrowska A, Giermasz A, Czajka A and Jakóbisiak M:
Lovastatin and tumor necrosis factor-α exhibit potentiated
antitumor effects against Ha-ras-transformed murine tumor Via
inhibition of tumor-induced angiogenesis. Int J Cancer. 81:560–567.
1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
99
|
Zhan X, Jiang L, Wang L, Liu J, Kang S,
Liu H and Lin L: A novel angiogenic effect of PCSK9-regulated
genes. Gene. 852:1470512023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
100
|
Safaeian L, Vaseghi G, Jabari H and Dana
N: Evolocumab, a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9
inhibitor, promotes angiogenesis in vitro. Can J Physiol Pharmacol.
97:352–358. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
101
|
Rada M, Reynolds AR, Lazaris A, Seidah N
and Metrakos P: Inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin-like
kexin type 9 (PCSK9) potentiates anti-angiogenic therapy in
colorectal cancer liver metastases. bioRxiv. May 29–2023.doi:
10.1101/2023.05.29.542731.
|
|
102
|
Tufail M, Jiang CH and Li N: Immune
evasion in cancer: Mechanisms and cutting-edge therapeutic
approaches. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 10:2272025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
103
|
Lagunas-Rangel FA: Cholesterol effects on
the tumor immune microenvironment: From fundamental concepts to
mechanisms and implications. Front Oncol. 15:15790542025.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
104
|
Bai W: The combined characteristics of
cholesterol metabolism and the immune microenvironment may serve as
valuable biomarkers for both the prognosis and treatment of
hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon. 9:e228852023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
105
|
Chen Y, Xu Y, Zhao H, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Lei
J, Wu L, Zhou M, Wang J, Yang S, et al: Myeloid-derived suppressor
cells deficient in cholesterol biosynthesis promote tumor immune
evasion. Cancer Lett. 564:2162082023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
106
|
Yuan J, Cai T, Zheng X, Ren Y, Qi J, Lu X,
Chen H, Lin H, Chen Z, Liu M, et al: Potentiating CD8+ T cell
antitumor activity by inhibiting PCSK9 to promote LDLR-mediated TCR
recycling and signaling. Protein Cell. 12:240–260. 2021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
107
|
Peng Z, Lv SJ, Chen H, Guo Z, Wan Q, Yang
J, Zhang Y, Liu DP, Chen HZ and Wang M: Disruption of PCSK9
suppresses inflammation and attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm
formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 45:e1–e14. 2025.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
108
|
Macchi C, Greco MF, Botta M, Sperandeo P,
Dongiovanni P, Valenti L, Cicero AFG, Borghi C, Lupo MG, Romeo S,
et al: Leptin, resistin, and proprotein convertase Subtilisin/Kexin
Type 9: The role of STAT3. Am J Pathol. 190:2226–2236. 2020.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
109
|
Wang Y, Fang X, Liu J, Lv X, Lu K, Lu Y
and Jiang Y: PCSK9 in T-cell function and the immune response.
Biomark Res. 12:1632024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
110
|
Tang Z, Jiang L, Peng J, Ren Z, Wei D, Wu
C, Pan L, Jiang Z and Liu L: PCSK9 siRNA suppresses the
inflammatory response induced by oxLDL through inhibition of NF-κB
activation in THP-1-derived macrophages. Int J Mol Med. 30:931–938.
2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
111
|
Ricci C, Ruscica M, Camera M, Rossetti L,
Macchi C, Colciago A, Zanotti I, Lupo MG, Adorni MP, Cicero AFG, et
al: PCSK9 induces a pro-inflammatory response in macrophages. Sci
Rep. 8:22672018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
112
|
Wang F, Li M, Zhang A, Li H, Jiang C and
Guo J: PCSK9 modulates macrophage polarization-mediated ventricular
remodeling after myocardial infarction. J Immunol Res.
2022:76857962022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
113
|
Jaén RI, Povo-Retana A, Rosales-Mendoza C,
Capillas-Herrero P, Sánchez-García S, Martín-Sanz P, Mojena M,
Prieto P and Boscá L: Functional crosstalk between PCSK9
internalization and Pro-inflammatory activation in human
macrophages: Role of reactive oxygen species release. Int J Mol
Sci. 23:91142022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
114
|
Katsuki S, Jha PK, Lupieri A, Nakano T,
Passos LSA, Rogers MA, Becker-Greene D, Le TD, Decano JL, Ho Lee L,
et al: Proprotein convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) promotes
macrophage activation via LDL Receptor-independent mechanisms. Circ
Res. 131:873–889. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
115
|
Liu A and Frostegård J: PCSK9 plays a
novel immunological role in oxidized LDL-induced dendritic cell
maturation and activation of T cells from human blood and
atherosclerotic plaque. J Intern Med. 284:193–210. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
116
|
Meng Y, Zheng X, Zhang Z, Geng H and Li X:
Circulating PCSK9 relates to aggravated disease activity, Th17/Treg
imbalance, and predicts treatment outcome of conventional synthetic
DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Ir J Med Sci.
192:3187–3194. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
117
|
Lao M, Zhang X, Li Z, Sun K, Yang H, Wang
S, He L, Chen Y, Zhang H, Shi J, et al: Lipid metabolism
reprograming by SREBP1-PCSK9 targeting sensitizes pancreatic cancer
to immunochemotherapy. Cancer Commun. 45:1010–1037. 2025.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
118
|
Gao X, Yi L, Jiang C, Li S, Wang X, Yang
B, Li W, Che N, Wang J, Zhang H and Zhang S: PCSK9 regulates the
efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy in lung cancer. Front
Immunol. 14:11424282023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
119
|
Wang R, Liu H, He P, An D, Guo X, Zhang X
and Feng M: Inhibition of PCSK9 enhances the antitumor effect of
PD-1 inhibitor in colorectal cancer by promoting the infiltration
of CD8+ T cells and the exclusion of Treg cells. Front Immunol.
13:9477562022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
120
|
Gu Y, Lin X, Dong Y, Wood G, Seidah NG,
Werstuck G, Major P, Bonert M, Kapoor A and Tang D: PCSK9
facilitates melanoma pathogenesis via a network regulating tumor
immunity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 42:22023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
121
|
Yang QC, Wang S, Liu YT, Song A, Wu ZZ,
Wan SC, Li HM and Sun ZJ: Targeting PCSK9 reduces cancer cell
stemness and enhances antitumor immunity in head and neck cancer.
iScience. 26:1069162023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
122
|
Ioannou GN, Lee SP, Linsley PS, Gersuk V,
Yeh MM, Chen YY, Peng YJ, Dutta M, Mascarinas G, Molla B, et al:
Pcsk9 deletion promotes murine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and
hepatic carcinogenesis: Role of cholesterol. Hepatol Commun.
6:780–794. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
123
|
Hu J, Zhang M, Gui L, Wan Q, Zhong J, Bai
L and He M: PCSK9 suppresses M2-Like Tumor-associated macrophage
polarization by regulating the secretion of OX40L from
Hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Immunol Invest. 51:1678–1693. 2022.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
124
|
Chong ÉW, Joncas FH, Seidah NG, Calon F,
Diorio C and Gangloff A: Circulating Levels of PCSK9, ANGPTL3 and
Lp(a) in stage III breast cancers. J Clin Lipidol. 16:e3–e4. 2022.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
125
|
Bonaventura A, Grossi F, Carbone F,
Vecchié A, Minetti S, Bardi N, Elia E, Ansaldo AM, Ferrara D,
Rijavec E, et al: Serum PCSK9 levels at the second nivolumab cycle
predict overall survival in elderly patients with NSCLC: A pilot
study. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 68:1351–1358. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
126
|
Xie M, Yu X, Chu X, Xie H, Zhou J, Zhao J
and Su C: Low baseline plasma PCSK9 level is associated with good
clinical outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced
non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer. 13:353–360. 2022.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
127
|
Baass A, Dubuc G, Tremblay M, Delvin EE,
O'Loughlin J, Levy E, Davignon J and Lambert M: Plasma PCSK9 is
associated with age, sex, and multiple metabolic markers in a
population-based sample of children and adolescents. Clin Chem.
55:1637–1645. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
128
|
Zhang N, Gu T, Hu S, Liu T and Chen K:
PCSK9 inhibitor with cause-specific mortality amongst cancer
survivors : A chance to kill two birds with one stone. Eur J Prev
Cardiol. 33:612–614. 2026. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
129
|
Wang W, Li W, Zhang D, Mi Y, Zhang J and
He G: The causal relationship between PCSK9 inhibitors and
malignant tumors: A mendelian randomization study based on drug
targeting. Genes (Basel). 15:1322024. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
130
|
Wong Chong E, Joncas FH, Seidah NG, Calon
F, Diorio C and Gangloff A: Circulating levels of PCSK9, ANGPTL3
and Lp(a) in stage III breast cancers. BMC Cancer. 22:10492022.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
131
|
Wu Z, Wu D, Huang C, Zhang J, Sun S, Chen
Y, Sun Y and Ma M: Prognostic implications of PCSK9 expression in
HER2-positive breast cancer. Oncologie. 27:295–305. 2025.
View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
132
|
Sun C, Zhu G, Shen C, Huang S, Li R, Li J,
Ma Z and Wang Z: Identification and validation of PCSK9 as a
prognostic and immune-related influencing factor in tumorigenesis:
A pan-cancer analysis. Front Oncol. 13:11340632023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
133
|
Ito M, Hiwasa T, Oshima Y, Yajima S,
Suzuki T, Nanami T, Sumazaki M, Shiratori F, Funahashi K, Li SY, et
al: Association of serum Anti-PCSK9 antibody levels with favorable
postoperative prognosis in esophageal cancer. Front Oncol.
11:7080392021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
134
|
Wood C, Lyniv L, Isaacs JM, Kaufman JM,
Oduah EI, Clarke J, Crawford J, Stinchcombe T, Tong BC, Wang X, et
al: Perioperative pembrolizumab in early-stage non-small cell lung
cancer (NSCLC): Safety, efficacy, and exploratory biomarker
analysis. J Immunother Cancer. 13:e0103952025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
135
|
Walley KR, Thain KR, Russell JA, Reilly
MP, Meyer NJ, Ferguson JF, Christie JD, Nakada TA, Fjell CD, Thair
SA, et al: PCSK9 is a critical regulator of the innate immune
response and septic shock outcome. Sci Transl Med. 6:258ra1432014.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
136
|
Picard C, Poirier A, Bélanger S, Labonté
A, Auld D and Poirier J: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin
type 9 (PCSK9) in Alzheimer's disease: A genetic and proteomic
multi-cohort study. PLoS One. 14:e02202542019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
137
|
Hanahan D: Hallmarks of cancer: New
dimensions. Cancer Discov. 12:31–46. 2022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
138
|
Wang L, Wang C, Sarwar MS, Chou P, Wang Y,
Su X and Kong ANT: PTEN-knockout regulates metabolic rewiring and
epigenetic reprogramming in prostate cancer and chemoprevention by
triterpenoid ursolic acid. FASEB J. 36:e226262022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
139
|
Howe C, Mitchell J, Kim SJ, Im E and Rhee
SH: Pten gene deletion in intestinal epithelial cells enhances
susceptibility to Salmonella Typhimurium infection in mice. J
Microbiol. 57:1012–1018. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
140
|
Xiao M, Xu J, Wang W, Zhang B, Liu J, Li
J, Xu H, Zhao Y, Yu X and Shi S: Functional significance of
cholesterol metabolism in cancer: From threat to treatment. Exp Mol
Med. 55:1982–1995. 2023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
141
|
Moşteoru S, Gaiţă D and Banach M: An
update on PCSK9 inhibitors-pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, and
toxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 16:1199–1205. 2020.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
142
|
Farnier M, Hovingh GK, Langslet G, Dufour
R, Baccara-Dinet MT, Din-Bell C, Manvelian G and Guyton JR:
Long-term safety and efficacy of alirocumab in patients with
heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: An open-label extension
of the ODYSSEY program. Atherosclerosis. 278:307–314. 2018.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
143
|
Hori M, Ohta N, Takahashi A, Masuda H,
Isoda R, Yamamoto S, Son C, Ogura M, Hosoda K, Miyamoto Y and
Harada-Shiba M: Impact of LDLR and PCSK9 pathogenic variants in
Japanese heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia patients.
Atherosclerosis. 289:101–108. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
144
|
Abifadel M, Guerin M, Benjannet S, Rabès
JP, Le Goff W, Julia Z, Hamelin J, Carreau V, Varret M, Bruckert E,
et al: Identification and characterization of new gain-of-function
mutations in the PCSK9 gene responsible for autosomal dominant
hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis. 223:394–400. 2012.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
145
|
Raal FJ, Bahassi EM, Stevens B, Turner TA
and Stein EA: Cascade screening for familial hypercholesterolemia
in south africa: The Wits FIND-FH program. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc
Biol. 40:2747–2755. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
146
|
Burke AC, Dron JS, Hegele RA and Huff MW:
PCSK9: Regulation and target for drug development for dyslipidemia.
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 57:223–244. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
147
|
Medeiros AM, Alves AC and Bourbon M:
Mutational analysis of a cohort with clinical diagnosis of familial
hypercholesterolemia: Considerations for genetic diagnosis
improvement. Genet Med. 18:316–324. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
148
|
Xiang R, Fan LL, Lin MJ, Li JJ, Shi XY,
Jin JY, Liu YX, Chen YQ, Xia K and Zhao SP: The genetic spectrum of
familial hypercholesterolemia in the central south region of China.
Atherosclerosis. 258:84–88. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
149
|
Grejtakova D, Boronova I, Bernasovska J
and Bellosta S: PCSK9 and lipid metabolism: Genetic variants,
current therapies, and cardiovascular outcomes. Cardiovasc Drugs
Ther. 39:1439–1451. 2025. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
150
|
Maligłówka M, Kosowski M, Hachuła M,
Cyrnek M, Bułdak Ł, Basiak M, Bołdys A, Machnik G, Bułdak RJ and
Okopień B: Insight into the Evolving role of PCSK9. Metabolites.
12:2562022. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
151
|
Garvie CW, Fraley CV, Elowe NH, Culyba EK,
Lemke CT, Hubbard BK, Kaushik VK and Daniels DS: Point mutations at
the catalytic site of PCSK9 inhibit folding, autoprocessing, and
interaction with the LDL receptor. Protein Sci. 25:2018–2027. 2016.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
152
|
Ahmed W, Whittall R, Riaz M, Ajmal M,
Sadeque A, Ayub H, Qamar R and Humphries SE: The genetic spectrum
of familial hypercholesterolemia in Pakistan. Clin Chim Acta.
421:219–225. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
153
|
Larrea-Sebal A, Trenti C,
Jebari-Benslaiman S, Bertolini S, Calandra S, Negri EA, Bonelli E,
Benito-Vicente A, Uraga-Gracianteparaluceta L, Martín C and Fasano
T: Functional characterization of p.(Arg160Gln) PCSK9 variant
accidentally found in a hypercholesterolemic subject. Int J Mol
Sci. 24:33302023. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
154
|
Homer VM, Marais AD, Charlton F, Laurie
AD, Hurndell N, Scott R, Mangili F, Sullivan DR, Barter PJ, Rye KA,
et al: Identification and characterization of two non-secreted
PCSK9 mutants associated with familial hypercholesterolemia in
cohorts from New Zealand and South Africa. Atherosclerosis.
196:659–666. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
155
|
Uribe KB, Chemello K, Larrea-Sebal A,
Benito-Vicente A, Galicia-Garcia U, Bourane S, Jaafar AK, Lambert G
and Martín C: A systematic approach to assess the activity and
classification of pcsk9 variants. Int J Mol Sci. 22:136022021.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
156
|
Cao YX, Wu NQ, Sun D, Liu HH, Jin JL, Li
S, Guo YL, Zhu CG, Gao Y, Dong QT, et al: Application of expanded
genetic analysis in the diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia
in patients with very early-onset coronary artery disease. J Transl
Med. 16:3452018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
157
|
Abul-Husn NS, Manickam K, Jones LK, Wright
EA, Hartzel DN, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, O'Dushlaine C, Leader JB,
Lester Kirchner H, Lindbuchler DM, et al: Genetic identification of
familial hypercholesterolemia within a single U.S. Health care
system. Science. 354:aaf70002016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
158
|
Hyock JK, Lagace TA, McNutt MC, Horton JD
and Deisenhofer J: Molecular basis for LDL receptor recognition by
PCSK9. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 105:1820–1825. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
159
|
Tosi I, Toledo-Leiva P, Neuwirth C,
Naoumova RP and Soutar AK: Genetic defects causing familial
hypercholesterolaemia: Identification of deletions and duplications
in the LDL-receptor gene and summary of all mutations found in
patients attending the Hammersmith Hospital Lipid Clinic.
Atherosclerosis. 194:102–111. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
160
|
Kim HN, Kweon SS and Shin MH: Detection of
familial hypercholesterolemia using next generation sequencing in
two Population-based cohorts. Chonnam Med J. 54:312018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
161
|
Sánchez-Hernández RM, Tugores A, Nóvoa FJ,
Brito-Casillas Y, Expósito-Montesdeoca AB, Garay P, Bea AM, Riaño
M, Pocovi M, Civeira F, et al: The island of Gran Canaria: A
genetic isolate for familial hypercholesterolemia. J Clin Lipidol.
13:618–626. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
162
|
Wang J, Dron JS, Ban MR, Robinson JF,
McIntyre AD, Alazzam M, Zhao PJ, Dilliott AA, Cao H, Huff MW, et
al: Polygenic versus monogenic causes of hypercholesterolemia
ascertained clinically. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol.
36:2439–2445. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
163
|
Lee C, Cui Y, Song J, Li S, Zhang F, Wu M,
Li L, Hu D and Chen H: Effects of familial
hypercholesterolemia-associated genes on the phenotype of premature
myocardial infarction. Lipids Health Dis. 18:952019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
164
|
Lee CJ, Lee Y, Park S, Kang SM, Jang Y,
Lee JH and Lee SH: Rare and common variants of APOB and PCSK9 in
Korean patients with extremely low low-density
lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. PLoS One. 12:e01864462017.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
