Tumour MHC class I downregulation and immunotherapy (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Jan Bubeník
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 1, 2003     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.10.6.2005
  • Pages: 2005-2008
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Abstract

MHC class I downregulation is an important mechanism of tumour escape from T cell-mediated immune responses. Approximately 40-90% of human tumours derived from various MHC class I+ tissues were reported to be MHC class I deficient. Decreased or absent MHC class I expression is frequently associated with the invasive and metastatic tumour phenotype. Altered MHC class I antigen expression involves total loss, loss of haplotype, locus downregulation, allelic loss or downregulation, and combinations. Description of partial or complete losses of MHC class I molecules in tumour cells as mechanisms of immune escape often fails to consider an increased susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis, which is a direct consequence of such losses. A low MHC class I level favours NK cells as effectors, whereas a high level of MHC class I favours T cells as effectors. The microheterogeneity of MHC class I expression in tumour cell populations, the balance of the MHC-restricted and MHC-unrestricted defence as well as the selective pressure of antigen-specific (CTL) and antigen non-specific (NK) effector mechanisms decide the final outcome of the MHC class I expression in the primary tumour and its metastases as well as the final outcome of the tumour defence reaction. Despite the MHC class I molecule deficiency and the resulting absence of the CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity, the tumour hosts were found to be capable of being immunized against MHC class I− tumours. The purpose of this review is to discuss the positive results of MHC class I− tumour treatment obtained with immunomodulatory cytokines and tumour vaccines, as well as the prospects and limitations of such therapy.

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Journal Cover

November-December 2003
Volume 10 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Spandidos Publications style
Bubeník J: Tumour MHC class I downregulation and immunotherapy (Review). Oncol Rep 10: 2005-2008, 2003
APA
Bubeník, J. (2003). Tumour MHC class I downregulation and immunotherapy (Review). Oncology Reports, 10, 2005-2008. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.10.6.2005
MLA
Bubeník, J."Tumour MHC class I downregulation and immunotherapy (Review)". Oncology Reports 10.6 (2003): 2005-2008.
Chicago
Bubeník, J."Tumour MHC class I downregulation and immunotherapy (Review)". Oncology Reports 10, no. 6 (2003): 2005-2008. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.10.6.2005