Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor strengthens cell invasion ability via prokineticin receptor 2 in colon cancer cell lines

Tabata,Shinsuke; Goi,Takanori; Nakazawa,Toshiyuki; Kimura,Youhei; Katayama,Kanji; Yamaguchi,Akio

doi:10.3892/or.2012.2124

Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor strengthens cell invasion ability via prokineticin receptor 2 in colon cancer cell lines

Authors:
- Shinsuke Tabata
- Takanori Goi
- Toshiyuki Nakazawa
- Youhei Kimura
- Kanji Katayama
- Akio Yamaguchi
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Affiliations: First Department of Surgery, University of Fukui, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
Published online on: November 6, 2012 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2012.2124
Pages: 459-463

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Abstract

Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF) has recently been identified as one of the vascular endothelial growth factors, and it is considered that the overexpression of EG-VEGF in colon cancer is related to hepatic metastasis. In this study, we report our recent novel findings of the involvement of EG-VEGF in cell invasion of colon cancer cells. Colon cancer cell lines (DLD-1 and HCT116) with high expression of prokineticin receptor (PK-R) 1 and 2 were stimulated with the EG-VEGF protein. Furthermore, Matrigel cell invasion assay was performed to examine the changes in cancer cell invasion. In addition, we investigated the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, -7 and -9 in cancer cells. Finally, the EG-VEGF receptor on the colon cancer cell membrane was blocked by anti-PK-R1 and -PK-R2 antibodies to study whether cell invasion ability would be altered. In colon cancer cell lines where the expression of PK-R1 and 2 was confirmed, stimulation with EG-VEGF increased cell invasion a maximum of ~3-5 times. Furthermore, an increase in the mRNA and protein expression of MMP-2, -7 and -9 was observed. We also observed that the cell invasion rate decreased only after exposure to the anti-PK-R2 antibody. The study showed that the EG-VEGF protein may act on MMP-2, -7 and -9 via PK-R2 to strengthen cell invasion ability in colon cancer cell lines.

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