NF-κB signaling modulates radiation‑induced microglial activation

Xue,Jun; Dong,Ji-Hua; Huang,Guo-Dong; Qu,Xiao-Fei; Wu,Gang; Dong,Xiao-Rong

doi:10.3892/or.2014.3144

June-2014 Volume 31 Issue 6

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June-2014 Volume 31 Issue 6

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Article

NF-κB signaling modulates radiation‑induced microglial activation

Authors:
- Jun Xue
- Ji-Hua Dong
- Guo-Dong Huang
- Xiao-Fei Qu
- Gang Wu
- Xiao-Rong Dong
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
Pages: 2555-2560
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Published online on: April 23, 2014

https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3144
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Abstract

Microglial activation has been suggested to be associated with the incidence of radiation-induced brain injury. The present study investigated the molecular mechanism(s) involved in radiation-induced activation of the microglia. Mouse microglial BV-2 cells were exposed to different doses of radiation. The release of inflammatory factors was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression was determined by immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting. Microglial activation was induced by radiation [>16 Gray (Gy)]. Activated cells exhibited a stouter spherical morphology and the levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 and CD68 were considerably upregulated. The generation of inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, toll‑like receptor 8 (TLR-8) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), was increased and peaked at either 3 or 6 h after radiation treatment. Phosphorylated γ-histone 2A, member X (γ-H2AX), which facilitates DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), was upregulated at 3 h post-radiation treatment. This was accompanied by the nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 subunit. Moreover, 3 h following radiation treatment, the NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) was markedly elevated, whereas the NF-κB regulatory inhibitor-α (IκB-α) was considerably decreased. Our results demonstrate that the NF-κB signaling pathway may trigger microglial activation and release of inflammatory factors following irradiation. These findings may provide valuable insight into understanding the molecular mechanism(s) involved in brain injury induced by radiation therapy.

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Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Oncology

Molecular Medicine Reports

Oncology Reports

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Oncology Letters

Biomedical Reports

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

World Academy of Sciences Journal

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Epigenetics

Medicine International

NF-κB signaling modulates radiation‑induced microglial activation

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