Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
February-2020 Volume 43 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
February-2020 Volume 43 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Lung adenocarcinoma resistance to therapy with EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors is related to increased expression of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG

  • Authors:
    • Fang Hu
    • Changhui Li
    • Xiaoxuan Zheng
    • Hai Zhang
    • Yinchen Shen
    • Lin Zhou
    • Xiaohua Yang
    • Baohui Han
    • Xueyan Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China, Research Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
  • Pages: 727-735
    |
    Published online on: January 2, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2019.7454
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The present study aimed to explore the relationship between the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‑TKIs) and the expression of the cancer stem cell (CSC)‑related markers. Specimens of 72 cases of lung adenocarcinoma with significantly different therapeutic effects of the first‑generation EGFR‑TKI treatment were collected. The patients were divided into a sensitive group [progression‑free survival (PFS) longer than 26 months] and a resistant group (PFS less than 5 months) according to the efficacy of first‑line EGFR‑TKI treatment. The expression of CSC‑related markers (OCT4, SOX2, NANOG) in tumor tissues of the two groups was detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, immunofluorescence and reverse transcriptase‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). IHC staining was quantified using H‑scores. The unpaired nonparametric t‑test was used to detect the differences in the results of IHC and RT‑qPCR analyses between the groups. The Chi‑square test was used to detect the differences in the clinical characteristics between the two groups. The t‑test revealed that the IHC H‑scores of SOX2 (P=0.003), OCT4 (P=0.036) and NANOG (P=0.032) were significantly higher in the resistant group than in the sensitive group. The results of RT‑qPCR revealed that the relative levels of SOX2 (P=0.018), OCT4 (P=0.035) and NANOG (P=0.044) were significantly higher in the resistant group than in the sensitive group. The number of male patients, patients who smoked, patients with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma disease, and patients with poor differentiation was higher in the resistant group than in the sensitive group, with statistically significant differences. The poor efficacy of first‑generation EGFR‑TKIs for lung adenocarcinoma appears to be related to the increased expression of CSC markers.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Spira A and Ettinger DS: Multidisciplinary management of lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 350:379–392. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Leon G, MacDonagh L, Finn SP, Cuffe S and Barr MP: Cancer stem cells in drug resistant lung cancer: Targeting cell surface markers and signaling pathways. Pharmacol Ther. 158:71–90. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Huang L and Fu L: Mechanisms of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Acta Pharm Sin B. 5:390–401. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Kobayashi S, Boggon TJ, Dayaram T, Jänne PA, Kocher O, Meyerson M, Johnson BE, Eck MJ, Tenen DG and Halmos B: EGFR mutation and resistance of non-small-cell lung cancer to gefitinib. N Engl J Med. 352:786–792. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Engelman JA, Zejnullahu K, Mitsudomi T, Song Y, Hyland C, Park JO, Lindeman N, Gale CM, Zhao X, Christensen J, et al: MET amplification leads to gefitinib resistance in lung cancer by activating ERBB3 signaling. Science. 316:1039–1043. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Rho JK, Choi YJ, Kim SY, Kim TW, Choi EK, Yoon SJ, Park BM, Park E, Bae JH, Choi CM and Lee JC: MET and AXL inhibitor NPS-1034 exerts efficacy against lung cancer cells resistant to EGFR kinase inhibitors because of MET or AXL activation. Cancer Res. 74:253–262. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Sequist LV, Waltman BA, Dias-Santagata D, Digumarthy S, Turke AB, Fidias P, Bergethon K, Shaw AT, Gettinger S, Cosper AK, et al: Genotypic and histological evolution of lung cancers acquiring resistance to EGFR inhibitors. Sci Transl Med. 3:75ra262011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

MacDonagh L, Gray SG, Breen E, Cuffe S, Finn SP, O'Byrne KJ and Barr MP: Lung cancer stem cells: The root of resistance. Cancer Lett. 372:147–156. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Loh YH, Wu Q, Chew JL, Vega VB, Zhang W, Chen X, Bourque G, George J, Leong B, Liu J, et al: The Oct4 and Nanog transcription network regulates pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells. Nat Genet. 38:431–440. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Wang Z, Oron E, Nelson B, Razis S and Ivanova N: Distinct lineage specification roles for NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2 in human embryonic stem cells. Cell Stem Cell. 10:440–454. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Cai L, Ye Z, Zhou BY, Mali P, Zhou C and Cheng L: Promoting human embryonic stem cell renewal or differentiation by modulating Wnt signal and culture conditions. Cell Res. 17:62–72. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Lazarevic M, Milosevic M, Trisic D, Toljic B, Simonovic J, Nikolic N, Mikovic N, Jelovac D, Petrovic M, Vukadinovic M and Milasin J: Putative cancer stem cells are present in surgical margins of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J BUON. 23:1686–1692. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

13 

Milosevic M, Lazarevic M, Toljic B, Simonovic J, Trisic D, Nikolic N, Petrovic M and Milasin J: Characterization of stem-like cancer cells in basal cell carcinoma and its surgical margins. Exp Dermatol. 27:1160–1165. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Tan CS, Gilligan D and Pacey S: Treatment approaches for EGFR-inhibitor-resistant patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Lancet Oncol. 16:e447–e459. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Cho BC, Chewaskulyong B, Lee KH, Dechaphunkul A, Sriuranpong V, Imamura F, Nogami N, Kurata T, Okamoto I, Zhou C, et al: Osimertinib versus standard of care EGFR TKI as first-line treatment in patients with EGFRm advanced NSCLC: FLAURA asian subset. J Thorac Oncol. 14:99–106. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Kelly RJ, Shepherd FA, Krivoshik A, Jie F and Horn L: A phase 3, randomized, open-label study of asp8273 versus erlotinib or gefitinib in patients with advanced stage iiib/iv non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol. 30:1127–1133. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Cha YK, Lee HY, Ahn MJ, Choi YL, Lee JH, Park K and Lee KS: Survival outcome assessed according to tumor burden and progression patterns in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutant lung adenocarcinoma undergoing epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Clin Lung Cancer. 16:228–236. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Gu D, Su S, Ge D, Chen S, Huang J, Li B, Chen R and Qiang B: Association study with 33 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 11 candidate genes for hypertension in Chinese. Hypertension. 47:1147–1154. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

McClelland RA, Finlay P, Walker KJ, Nicholson D, Robertson JF, Blamey RW and Nicholson I: Automated quantitation of immunocytochemically localized estrogen receptors in human breast cancer. Cancer Res. 50:3545–3550. 1990.PubMed/NCBI

20 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Jemal A, Siegel R, Xu J and Ward E: Cancer statistics, 2010. CA: Cancer J Clin. 60:277–300. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Cojoc M, Mabert K, Muders MH and Dubrovska A: A role for cancer stem cells in therapy resistance: Cellular and molecular mechanisms. Semin Cancer Biol. 31:16–27. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Nakatsugawa M, Takahashi A, Hirohashi Y, Torigoe T, Inoda S, Murase M, Asanuma H, Tamura Y, Morita R, Michifuri Y, et al: SOX2 is overexpressed in stem-like cells of human lung adenocarcinoma and augments the tumorigenicity. Lab Invest. 91:1796–1804. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Zhang X, Hu F, Li C, Zheng X, Zhang B, Wang H, Tao G, Xu J, Zhang Y and Han B: OCT4&SOX2-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes plus programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor presented with synergistic effect on killing lung cancer stem-like cells in vitro and treating drug-resistant lung cancer mice in vivo. J Cell Physiol. 234:6758–6768. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Rousseaux S, Debernardi A, Jacquiau B, Vitte AL, Vesin A, Nagy-Mignotte H, Moro-Sibilot D, Brichon PY, Lantuejoul S, Hainaut P, et al: Ectopic activation of germline and placental genes identifies aggressive metastasis-prone lung cancers. Sci Transl Med. 5:186ra662013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Sharma SV, Lee DY, Li B, Quinlan MP, Takahashi F, Maheswaran S, McDermott U, Azizian N, Zou L, Fischbach MA, et al: A chromatin-mediated reversible drug-tolerant state in cancer cell subpopulations. Cell. 141:69–80. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Chiou SH, Wang ML, Chou YT, Chen CJ, Hong CF, Hsieh WJ, Chang HT, Chen YS, Lin TW, Hsu HS and Wu CW: Coexpression of Oct4 and Nanog enhances malignancy in lung adenocarcinoma by inducing cancer stem cell-like properties and epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation. Cancer Res. 70:10433–10444. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Shien K, Toyooka S, Yamamoto H, Soh J, Jida M, Thu KL, Hashida S, Maki Y, Ichihara E, Asano H, et al: Acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors is associated with a manifestation of stem cell-like properties in cancer cells. Cancer Res. 73:3051–3061. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Hassan KA, Chen G, Kalemkerian GP, Wicha MS and Beer DG: An embryonic stem cell-like signature identifies poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinoma but not squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 15:6386–6390. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Zhang Y, Kang S, Fang W, Hong S, Liang W, Yan Y, Qin T, Tang Y, Sheng J and Zhang L: Impact of smoking status on EGFR-TKI efficacy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in EGFR mutants: A meta-analysis. Clin Lung Cancer. 16:144–51.e1. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Hasegawa Y, Ando M, Maemondo M, Yamamoto S, Isa S, Saka H, Kubo A, Kawaguchi T, Takada M, Rosell R, et al: The role of smoking status on the progression-free survival of non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations receiving first-line EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor versus platinum doublet chemotherapy: A meta-analysis of prospective randomized trials. Oncologist. 20:307–315. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Bria E, Milella M, Cuppone F, Novello S, Ceribelli A, Vaccaro V, Sperduti I, Gelibter A, Scagliotti GV, Cognetti and Giannarelli D: Outcome of advanced NSCLC patients harboring sensitizing EGFR mutations randomized to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors or chemotherapy as first-line treatment: A meta-analysis. Ann Oncol. 22:2277–2285. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Zhou J and Ben S: Comparison of therapeutic effects of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors on 19Del and L858R mutations in advanced lung adenocarcinoma and effect on cellular immune function. Thoracic Cancer. 9:228–233. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Lee CK, Wu YL, Ding PN, Lord SJ, Inoue A, Zhou C, Mitsudomi T, Rosell R, Pavlakis N, Links M, et al: Impact of specific epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) mutations and clinical characteristics on outcomes after treatment with egfr tyrosine kinase inhibitors versus chemotherapy in egfr-mutant lung cancer: A meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 33:1958–1965. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Li X, Wang J, Xu Z, Ahmad A, Li E, Wang Y, Qin S and Wang Q: Expression of Sox2 and Oct4 and their clinical significance in human non-small-cell lung cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 13:7663–7675. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Wu Y, Du X, Xue C, Li D, Zheng Q, Li X and Chen H: Quantification of serum SOX2 DNA with FQ-PCR potentially provides a diagnostic biomarker for lung cancer. Med Oncol. 30:7372013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Hu F, Li C, Zheng X, Zhang H, Shen Y, Zhou L, Yang X, Han B and Zhang X: Lung adenocarcinoma resistance to therapy with EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors is related to increased expression of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG. Oncol Rep 43: 727-735, 2020.
APA
Hu, F., Li, C., Zheng, X., Zhang, H., Shen, Y., Zhou, L. ... Zhang, X. (2020). Lung adenocarcinoma resistance to therapy with EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors is related to increased expression of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG. Oncology Reports, 43, 727-735. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2019.7454
MLA
Hu, F., Li, C., Zheng, X., Zhang, H., Shen, Y., Zhou, L., Yang, X., Han, B., Zhang, X."Lung adenocarcinoma resistance to therapy with EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors is related to increased expression of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG". Oncology Reports 43.2 (2020): 727-735.
Chicago
Hu, F., Li, C., Zheng, X., Zhang, H., Shen, Y., Zhou, L., Yang, X., Han, B., Zhang, X."Lung adenocarcinoma resistance to therapy with EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors is related to increased expression of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG". Oncology Reports 43, no. 2 (2020): 727-735. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2019.7454
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Hu F, Li C, Zheng X, Zhang H, Shen Y, Zhou L, Yang X, Han B and Zhang X: Lung adenocarcinoma resistance to therapy with EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors is related to increased expression of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG. Oncol Rep 43: 727-735, 2020.
APA
Hu, F., Li, C., Zheng, X., Zhang, H., Shen, Y., Zhou, L. ... Zhang, X. (2020). Lung adenocarcinoma resistance to therapy with EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors is related to increased expression of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG. Oncology Reports, 43, 727-735. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2019.7454
MLA
Hu, F., Li, C., Zheng, X., Zhang, H., Shen, Y., Zhou, L., Yang, X., Han, B., Zhang, X."Lung adenocarcinoma resistance to therapy with EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors is related to increased expression of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG". Oncology Reports 43.2 (2020): 727-735.
Chicago
Hu, F., Li, C., Zheng, X., Zhang, H., Shen, Y., Zhou, L., Yang, X., Han, B., Zhang, X."Lung adenocarcinoma resistance to therapy with EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitors is related to increased expression of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG". Oncology Reports 43, no. 2 (2020): 727-735. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2019.7454
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team