Sulforaphane has an additive anticancer effect to FOLFOX in highly metastatic human colon carcinoma cells

  • Authors:
    • Agnė Čižauskaitė
    • Dainius Šimčikas
    • Daniel Schultze
    • Georgios Kallifatidis
    • Helge Bruns
    • Albertas Čekauskas
    • Ingrid Herr
    • Augustinas Baušys
    • Kęstutis Strupas
    • Peter Schemmer
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: September 29, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2022.8420
  • Article Number: 205
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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Patients with CRC may need chemotherapy (CTx) in a neoadjuvant, adjuvant or palliative setting through the course of the disease. Unfortunately, its effect is limited by chemoresistance and chemotoxicity. Novel more effective and non‑toxic CTx regimens are needed to further improve CRC treatment outcomes. Thus, the present study was designed to test the hypothesis that non‑toxic sulforaphane (SF) is effective against CRC and has additive effects in combination with conventional 5‑fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and folinic acid (FOLFOX) CTx in vitro. Highly metastatic human colon cancer cells, CX‑1, and fibroblasts were treated with FOLFOX ± SF. Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay. The level of apoptosis and the expression of apoptotic proteins were measured by TUNEL assay and quantitative PCR analysis. Aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform 1 (ALDH1) and multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) levels were evaluated. The ability of cells to form spheroids was measured in three‑dimensional cell culture. SF alone and in combination with FOLFOX effectively decreased the viability of the CX‑1 cells, promoted apoptosis within the CX‑1 cells, prevented cellular spheroid formation and decreased ALDH1 activity. However, SF promoted MRP2 expression and protein levels. In conclusion, SF together with conventional FOLFOX has additive anticancer effects against highly metastatic human CRC in vitro.
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November-2022
Volume 48 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Spandidos Publications style
Čižauskaitė A, Šimčikas D, Schultze D, Kallifatidis G, Bruns H, Čekauskas A, Herr I, Baušys A, Strupas K, Schemmer P, Schemmer P, et al: Sulforaphane has an additive anticancer effect to FOLFOX in highly metastatic human colon carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 48: 205, 2022
APA
Čižauskaitė, A., Šimčikas, D., Schultze, D., Kallifatidis, G., Bruns, H., Čekauskas, A. ... Schemmer, P. (2022). Sulforaphane has an additive anticancer effect to FOLFOX in highly metastatic human colon carcinoma cells. Oncology Reports, 48, 205. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2022.8420
MLA
Čižauskaitė, A., Šimčikas, D., Schultze, D., Kallifatidis, G., Bruns, H., Čekauskas, A., Herr, I., Baušys, A., Strupas, K., Schemmer, P."Sulforaphane has an additive anticancer effect to FOLFOX in highly metastatic human colon carcinoma cells". Oncology Reports 48.5 (2022): 205.
Chicago
Čižauskaitė, A., Šimčikas, D., Schultze, D., Kallifatidis, G., Bruns, H., Čekauskas, A., Herr, I., Baušys, A., Strupas, K., Schemmer, P."Sulforaphane has an additive anticancer effect to FOLFOX in highly metastatic human colon carcinoma cells". Oncology Reports 48, no. 5 (2022): 205. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2022.8420