<em>In ovo</em> chorioallantoic membrane assay as a xenograft model for pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma

Shoji,Chika; Kikuchi,Ken; Yoshida,Hideki; Miyachi,Mitsuru; Yagyu,Shigeki; Tsuchiya,Kunihiko; Nakaya,Takaaki; Hosoi,Hajime; Iehara,Tomoko

doi:10.3892/or.2023.8513

April-2023 Volume 49 Issue 4

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April-2023 Volume 49 Issue 4

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Article Open Access

In ovo chorioallantoic membrane assay as a xenograft model for pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma

Authors:
- Chika Shoji
- Ken Kikuchi
- Hideki Yoshida
- Mitsuru Miyachi
- Shigeki Yagyu
- Kunihiko Tsuchiya
- Takaaki Nakaya
- Hajime Hosoi
- Tomoko Iehara
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan, Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602‑8566, Japan

Copyright: © Shoji et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
Article Number: 76
|
Published online on: March 2, 2023

https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2023.8513
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Abstract

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common highly malignant pediatric soft tissue sarcoma. While recent multidisciplinary treatments have improved the 5‑year survival rate of low/intermediate‑risk patients to 70‑90%, there are various complications that arise due to treatment‑related toxicities. Immunodeficient mice‑derived xenograft models have been widely used in cancer drug research; however, these models have some limitations, including i) they are time‑consuming and expensive, ii) their use needs to be approved by animal experimental ethics committees, and iii) the inability to visualize where tumor cells or tissues were engrafted. The present study performed a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay in fertilized chicken eggs, which is time‑saving, simple, and easy to standardize and handle because of the high vascularization and the immature immune system of the fertilized eggs. The present study aimed to examine the usability of the CAM assay as a novel therapeutic model for the development of precision medicine for pediatric cancer. A protocol was developed for constructing cell line‑derived xenograft (CDX) models using a CAM assay by transplanting RMS cells on the CAM. It was then examined as to whether these CDX models could be used as therapeutic drug evaluation models using vincristine (VCR) and human RMS cell lines. After grafting and culturing the RMS cell suspension on the CAM, three‑dimensional proliferation over time was observed visually and by comparing volumes. VCR reduced the size of the RMS tumor on the CAM in a dose‑dependent manner. Currently, treatment strategies based on patient‑specific oncogenic backgrounds have not been adequately developed in the field of pediatric cancer. The establishment of a CDX model with the CAM assay may lead to the advancement of precision medicine and help formulate novel therapeutic strategies for intractable pediatric cancer.

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