The incidence of lung cancer is increasing year by year. The study of the proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells is of positive significance to improve the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, but there is still a lack of more effective treatment for the proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells. The present study found that a lymphocyte lineage specific transcription factor early B‑cell factor 1 (EBF1), was frequently expressed in human lung cancer tissues. EBF1 short hairpin RNA and knocked down EBF1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 could inhibit the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and inhibit the growth of tumors in vivo. The effects of EBF1 expression on the proliferation of lung cancer cells were examined by cell proliferation assay, cell cycle assay and in vivo animal experiments in mice, to explore the possible molecular mechanism of EBF1 involvement in lung cancer cell proliferation. Its mechanism may be related to its influence by blocking cell cycle in G₁ phase, which involves the decrease of cyclin dependent kinase 6 expression and the upregulation of P21/P27 expression. The present study will supplement the hypothesis that the heterotopic expression of hematogenous transcription factors in lung cancer affects tumor proliferation and discover new molecular targets for cancer therapy.

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