Clear cell atypical fibroxanthoma: A case report and review of the literature

Katafygiotis,Patroklos

doi:10.3892/wasj.2021.109

Clear cell atypical fibroxanthoma: A case report and review of the literature

Authors:
- Patroklos Katafygiotis
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Affiliations: First Department of Pathology National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Published online on: May 20, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2021.109
Article Number: 38
Copyright: © Katafygiotis . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Clear cell atypical fibroxanthoma (CCAFX) is a rare tumor of uncertain differentiation first described in 1987, of which 20 cases have thus far been studied in detail and reported in the English literature. CCAFX is regarded as a skin tumor and without a wide‑range immunohistochemical application, it is relatively impossible to differentiate it from other well‑known malignancies with a clear cell phenotype. In the majority of cases, CCAFX has a rather indolent course; however, it can produce local recurrences, particularly if an incomplete excision has been made and in more rare cases, it can lead to regional lymph node metastases. The present study describes the case of a male patient with a rapidly growing CCAFX highlighting the vast clinicopathological differential diagnosis of this tumor and describing its course one year following its surgical excision. The tumor was examined immunohistochemically and was found to express several fibrohistiocytic antigens (such as CD68, α1‑antichymotrypsin and FactorXIIIa, as well as CD10, D2‑40 and CD99); however, it did not express melanocytic, hormonal receptors or cytokeratins. In addition, the current study reviews and discusses the most prominent clinicopathologic features of this rare cutaneous tumor of uncertain differentiation.

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