Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
World Academy of Sciences Journal
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2632-2900 Online ISSN: 2632-2919
Journal Cover
November-December 2022 Volume 4 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-December 2022 Volume 4 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against Spondweni virus helicase

  • Authors:
    • Louis Papageorgiou
    • Eleni Tzanou
    • Eleni Papakonstantinou
    • Kalliopi Io Diakou
    • Katerina Pierouli
    • Konstantina Dragoumani
    • Demetrios A. Spandidos
    • Flora Bacopoulou
    • George P. Chrousos
    • Elias Eliopoulos
    • Dimitrios Vlachakis
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece, University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
    Copyright: © Papageorgiou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 40
    |
    Published online on: October 26, 2022
       https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2022.175
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Spondweni virus (SPONV), a possible emerging virus, is a member of the Flaviviridae virus family, of the genus Flavivirus and belongs to a serogroup with the Zika virus. The latest epidemic of Zika fever, which broke out in the Western Hemisphere, warns about the risk of the corresponding urban epidemic potential of SPONV and calls for the design of anti‑SPONV therapies. Previous studies have demonstrated that viral RNA helicases represent promising pharmacological targets for antiviral drugs/inhibitors, as they are implicated in viral replication and proliferation. Therefore, the present study proposes the three‑dimensional structure of the helicase/protease enzyme of SPONV through homology modeling, using the crystal structure of the Dengue virus‑4 helicase/protease of the same viral family as a template. For the evaluation of the accuracy and reliability of the model in structure‑based drug design strategies, the crystal structure of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) helicase was used, complexed with a single‑stranded RNA, a key molecule for the establishment of interactions with a future inhibitor of the SPONV helicase. Following the evaluation of the model and the identification of motifs characteristic of the Flaviviridae family, data from previous publications on the treatment of HCV were incorporated, with the aim of detecting the ideal residues in the Spondweni model, which are similar to those of the HCV structure and are inhibitor targets. The existing pharmacophoric model was tested for its application to the Spondweni helicase model as a potential inhibitor of its functionality and potential future use in design experiments of novel anti‑SPONV agents.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

View References

1 

Papageorgiou L, Loukatou S, Sofia K, Maroulis D and Vlachakis D: An updated evolutionary study of Flaviviridae NS3 helicase and NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase reveals novel invariable motifs as potential pharmacological targets. Mol BioSyst. 12:2080–2093. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Papageorgiou L, Loukatou S, Koumandou VL, Makałowski W, Megalooikonomou V, Vlachakis D and Kossida S: Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against greek goat encephalitis. PeerJ. 2(e664)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Vlachakis D and Kossida S: Molecular modeling and pharmacophore elucidation study of the classical swine fever virus helicase as a promising pharmacological target. PeerJ. 1(e85)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

White SK, Lednicky JA, Okech BA, Morris JG and Dunford JC: Spondweni virus in field-caught culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, Haiti, 2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 24:1765–1767. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Pierson TC and Diamond MS: The continued threat of emerging flaviviruses. Nat Microbiol. 5:796–812. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Luo D, Xu T, Hunke C, Grüber G, Vasudevan SG and Lescar J: Crystal structure of the NS3 protease-helicase from dengue virus. J Virol. 82:173–183. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Kim JL, Morgenstern KA, Griffith JP, Dwyer MD, Thomson JA, Murcko MA, Lin C and Caron PR: Hepatitis C virus NS3 RNA helicase domain with a bound oligonucleotide: The crystal structure provides insights into the mode of unwinding. Structure. 6:89–100. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Pickett BE, Sadat EL, Zhang Y, Noronha JM, Squires RB, Hunt V, Liu M, Kumar S, Zaremba S, Gu Z, et al: ViPR: An open bioinformatics database and analysis resource for virology research. Nucleic Acids Res. 40:D593–D598. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

NCBI Resource Coordinators. Database resources of the national center for biotechnology information. Nucleic Acids Res. 44:D7–D19. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Vlachakis D, Papageorgiou L, Papadaki A, Georga M, Kossida S and Eliopoulos E: An updated evolutionary study of the notch family reveals a new ancient origin and novel invariable motifs as potential pharmacological targets. PeerJ. 8(e10334)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Papageorgiou L, Shalzi L, Pierouli K, Papakonstantinou E, Manias S, Dragoumani K, Nicolaides NC, Giannakakis A, Bacopoulou F, Chrousos GP, et al: An updated evolutionary study of the nuclear receptor protein family. World Acad Sci. J 3:2021.

12 

Korostensky C and Gonnet G: Near optimal multiple sequence alignments using a traveling salesman problem approach. 6th International Symposium on String Processing and Information Retrieval. 5th International Workshop on Groupware (Cat. No. PR00268): 105-114, 1999.

13 

Mailund T, Brodal GS, Fagerberg R, Pedersen CN and Phillips D: Recrafting the neighbor-joining method. BMC Bioinformatics. 7(29)2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Waterhouse AM, Procter JB, Martin DM, Clamp M and Barton GJ: Jalview version 2-a multiple sequence alignment editor and analysis workbench. Bioinformatics. 25:1189–1191. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Mitsis T, Papageorgiou L, Efthimiadou A, Bacopoulou F, Vlachakis D, Chrousos GP and Eliopoulos E: A comprehensive structural and functional analysis of the ligand binding domain of the nuclear receptor superfamily reveals highly conserved signaling motifs and two distinct canonical forms through evolution. World Acad Sci J. 1:264–274. 2019.

16 

Henikoff S and Henikoff JG: . Amino acid substitution matrices from protein blocks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 89:10915–10919. 1992.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW and Lipman DJ: Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol. 215:403–410. 1990.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

wwPDB consortium: Protein data bank: The single global archive for 3D macromolecular structure data. Nucleic Acids Res. 47:D520–D528. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Papakonstantinou E, Vlachakis D, Thireou T, Vlachoyiannopoulos PG and Eliopoulos E: A holistic evolutionary and 3d pharmacophore modelling study provides insights into the metabolism, function, and substrate selectivity of the human monocarboxylate transporter 4 (Hmct4). Int J Mol Sci. 22(2918)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Molecular Operating Environment (MOE), 2016.0801 Chemical Computing Group ULC, 1010 Sherbooke St. West, Suite #910, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3A 2R7, 2022.

21 

Vangelatos I, Vlachakis D, Sophianopoulou V and Diallinas G: Modelling and mutational evidence identify the substrate binding site and functional elements in APC amino acid transporters. Mol Membr Biol. 26:356–370. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Diakou KI, Mitsis T, Pierouli K, Papakonstantinou E, Megalooikonomou V, Efthimiadou A and Vlachakis D: Study of the langat virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase through homology modeling. EMBnet J. 26(e944)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Coutsias EA and Wester MJ: RMSD and symmetry. J Comput Chem. 40:1496–1508. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Gooch JW: Ramachandran Plot. In: Gooch J.W. (eds) Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer, New York, NY, 2011.

25 

Kandil S, Biondaro S, Vlachakis D, Cummins AC, Coluccia A, Berry C, Leyssen P, Neyts J and Brancale A: Discovery of a novel HCV helicase inhibitor by a de novo drug design approach. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 19:2935–2937. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Vlachakis D, Koumandou VL and Kossida S: A holistic evolutionary and structural study of flaviviridae provides insights into the function and inhibition of HCV helicase. PeerJ. 1(e74)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Wadood A, Riaz M, Uddin R and Ul-Haq Z: In silico identification and evaluation of leads for the simultaneous inhibition of protease and helicase activities of HCV NS3/4A protease using complex based pharmacophore mapping and virtual screening. PLoS One. 9(2)(e89109)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Saraste M, Sibbald PR and Wittinghofer A: The P-loop-a common motif in ATP- and GTP-binding proteins. Trends Biochem Sci. 15:430–434. 1990.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

delToro D, Ortiz D, Ordyan M, Sippy J, Oh CS, Keller N, Feiss M, Catalano CE and Smith DE: Walker-A motif acts to coordinate ATP hydrolysis with motor output in viral DNA packaging. J Mol Biol. 428:2709–2729. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Ruff M, Krishnaswamy S, Boeglin M, Poterszman A, Mitschler A, Podjarny A, Rees B, Thierry JC and Moras D: Class II aminoacyl transfer Rna synthetases: Crystal structure of yeast aspartyl-trna synthetase complexed with trna(Asp). Science. 252:1682–1689. 1991.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Utama A, Shimizu H, Hasebe F, Morita K, Igarashi A, Shoji I, Matsuura Y, Hatsu M, Takamizawa K, Hagiwara A and Miyamura T: Role of the DExH Motif of the Japanese encephalitis virus and hepatitis C virus NS3 proteins in the ATPase and RNA helicase activities. Virology. 273:316–324. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Lee T and Pelletier J: The biology of DHX9 and its potential as a therapeutic target. Oncotarget. 7:42716–42739. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Luo D, Xu T, Watson RP, Scherer-Becker D, Sampath A, Jahnke W, Yeong SS, Wang CH, Lim SP, Strongin A, et al: Insights into RNA unwinding and ATP hydrolysis by the flavivirus NS3 protein. EMBO J. 27:3209–3219. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Hollingsworth SA and Karplus PA: A fresh look at the Ramachandran plot and the occurrence of standard structures in proteins. BioMolecular Concepts. 1:271–283. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Rathi PC, Ludlow RF and Verdonk ML: Practical high-quality electrostatic potential surfaces for drug discovery using a graph-convolutional deep neural network. J Med Chem. 63:8778–8790. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Papageorgiou L, Vlachakis C, Dragoumani K, Raftopoulou S, Brouzas D, Nicolaides NC, Chrousos GP, Charmandari E, Megalooikonomou V and Vlachakis D: HCV genetics and genotypes dictate future antiviral strategies. J Mol Biochem. 6:33–40. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

37 

Li K, Frankowski KJ, Belon CA, Neuenswander B, Ndjomou J, Hanson AM, Shanahan MA, Schoenen FJ, Blagg BS, Aubé J and Frick DN: Optimization of potent hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase inhibitors isolated from the yellow dyes thioflavine S and primuline. J Med Chem. 55:3319–3330. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Papageorgiou L, Tzanou E, Papakonstantinou E, Diakou KI, Pierouli K, Dragoumani K, Spandidos DA, Bacopoulou F, Chrousos GP, Eliopoulos E, Eliopoulos E, et al: Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against Spondweni virus helicase. World Acad Sci J 4: 40, 2022.
APA
Papageorgiou, L., Tzanou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Diakou, K.I., Pierouli, K., Dragoumani, K. ... Vlachakis, D. (2022). Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against Spondweni virus helicase. World Academy of Sciences Journal, 4, 40. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2022.175
MLA
Papageorgiou, L., Tzanou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Diakou, K. I., Pierouli, K., Dragoumani, K., Spandidos, D. A., Bacopoulou, F., Chrousos, G. P., Eliopoulos, E., Vlachakis, D."Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against Spondweni virus helicase". World Academy of Sciences Journal 4.6 (2022): 40.
Chicago
Papageorgiou, L., Tzanou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Diakou, K. I., Pierouli, K., Dragoumani, K., Spandidos, D. A., Bacopoulou, F., Chrousos, G. P., Eliopoulos, E., Vlachakis, D."Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against Spondweni virus helicase". World Academy of Sciences Journal 4, no. 6 (2022): 40. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2022.175
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Papageorgiou L, Tzanou E, Papakonstantinou E, Diakou KI, Pierouli K, Dragoumani K, Spandidos DA, Bacopoulou F, Chrousos GP, Eliopoulos E, Eliopoulos E, et al: Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against Spondweni virus helicase. World Acad Sci J 4: 40, 2022.
APA
Papageorgiou, L., Tzanou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Diakou, K.I., Pierouli, K., Dragoumani, K. ... Vlachakis, D. (2022). Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against Spondweni virus helicase. World Academy of Sciences Journal, 4, 40. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2022.175
MLA
Papageorgiou, L., Tzanou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Diakou, K. I., Pierouli, K., Dragoumani, K., Spandidos, D. A., Bacopoulou, F., Chrousos, G. P., Eliopoulos, E., Vlachakis, D."Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against Spondweni virus helicase". World Academy of Sciences Journal 4.6 (2022): 40.
Chicago
Papageorgiou, L., Tzanou, E., Papakonstantinou, E., Diakou, K. I., Pierouli, K., Dragoumani, K., Spandidos, D. A., Bacopoulou, F., Chrousos, G. P., Eliopoulos, E., Vlachakis, D."Structural models for the design of novel antiviral agents against Spondweni virus helicase". World Academy of Sciences Journal 4, no. 6 (2022): 40. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2022.175
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team