Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
World Academy of Sciences Journal
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2632-2900 Online ISSN: 2632-2919
Journal Cover
September-October 2025 Volume 7 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-October 2025 Volume 7 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Association between immune‑related adverse events and therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab: A retrospective study

  • Authors:
    • Tabarak J. Talab
    • Farha A. Ali Shafi
    • Saba M. Jasim
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10061, Iraq, Oncology Teaching Hospital, Medical City Center, Ministry of Health, Baghdad 10015, Iraq
    Copyright: © Talab et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
  • Article Number: 82
    |
    Published online on: June 26, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2025.370
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Several studies have indicated that the emergence of immune‑related adverse events (irAEs) in patients receiving immunotherapy is a positive prognostic indicator. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of irAEs on the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced stage non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly the prognostic importance of irAEs. For this purpose, 60 patients with NSCLC were enrolled retrospectively; the patients received immunotherapy between January, 2020 and April, 2022. Clinical outcomes and progression‑free survival (PFS) were compared between individuals with irAEs and those without. Of note, more than half of the patients (55%) developed irAEs. The median PFS of the patients with irAEs was significantly longer than that of the patients without irAEs (12.19 vs. 5.48 months). Furthermore, as regards the clinical outcomes, the disease control rate was significantly increased in the group with irAEs (72.7 vs. to 27.3%; P=0.033). On the whole, the present study indicated that patients with advanced stage NSCLC who experienced irAEs exhibited improved clinical outcomes following immunotherapy compared to those without irAEs. This underscores the prospective application of the development of irAEs as a clinical biomarker for immunotherapy‑treated advanced stage NSCLC.
View Figures

Figure 1

Flowchart summarizing the number of
patients included in the present study. NSCLC, non-small cell lung
cancer; irAEs, immune-related adverse events.

Figure 2

Categorization of immune-related
adverse events.

Figure 3

PD-L1 expression (tumor positive
score) in patients with and without irAEs. PD-L1, programmed death
ligand 1; irAEs, immune-related adverse events.

Figure 4

Kaplan-Meier curves for
progression-free survival. (Top panel) All irAEs included; (bottom
left panel) only early-onset irAEs included; (bottom right panel)
only late-onset irAEs included. irAEs, immune-related adverse
events.
View References

1 

Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE and Jemal A: Cancer statistics, 2021. CA Cancer J Clin. 71:7–33. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Mohammed Bakheet M, Mohssin Ali H and Jalil Talab T: Evaluation of some proinflammatory cytokines and biochemical parameters in pre and postmenopausal breast cancer women. Cytokine. 179(156632)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Li Q, Yuan D, Ma C, Liu Y, Ma L, Lv T and Song Y: A new hope: the immunotherapy in small cell lung cancer. Neoplasma. 63:342–350. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

World Health Organization (WHO): Lung cancer. WHO, Geneva, 2025. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lung-cancer.

5 

Inamura K: Lung cancer: Understanding its molecular pathology and the 2015 WHO classification. Front Oncol. 7(193)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Takano N, Ariyasu R, Koyama J, Sonoda T, Saiki M, Kawashima Y, Oguri T, Hisakane K, Uchibori K, Nishikawa S, et al: Improvement in the survival of patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer: Experience in a single institutional 1995–2017. Lung Cancer. 131:69–77. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Mamdani H, Matosevic S, Khalid AB, Durm G and Jalal SI: Immunotherapy in lung cancer: Current landscape and future directions. Front Immunol. 13(823618)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Dahl O and Brydøy M: The pioneers behind immune checkpoint blockers awarded the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine 2018. Acta Oncol. 58:1–8. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Xia L, Liu Y and Wang Y: PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: Current status and future directions. Oncologist. 24 (Suppl 1):S31–S41. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Cui P, Li R, Huang Z, Wu Z, Tao H, Zhang S and Hu Y: Comparative effectiveness of pembrolizumab vs. nivolumab in patients with recurrent or advanced NSCLC. Sci Rep. 10(13160)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Zhang N, Tu J, Wang X and Chu Q: Programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 checkpoint inhibitors: differences in mechanism of action. Immunotherapy. 11:429–441. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Mohammed MQ, Alwan AH and Almukhtar AA: Estimation of Serum TLR-9, TNF-α, and IL-6 Levels in the Iraqi Patients Diagnosed as Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. Baghdad Sci J. 21(2182)2024.

13 

Azoury SC, Straughan DM and Shukla V: Immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer therapy: Clinical efficacy and safety. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 15:452–462. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Elshahidi MH: Immune checkpoint inhibitors and health-related quality of life: A systematic review of the current literature. Mustansiriya Med J. 17:1–13. 2018.

15 

Hua C, Boussemart L, Mateus C, Routier E, Boutros C, Cazenave H, Viollet R, Thomas M, Roy S, Benannoune N, et al: Association of vitiligo with tumor response in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with pembrolizumab. JAMA Dermatol. 152:45–51. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Jouda J, Mohammed IK, Asad SS, Falah YF and Salih KM: Effect of alteration in nutritional style on liver function tests and general stool examination. In: AIP Conference Proceedings. AIP Publishing, 2020.

17 

Musaelyan AA, Moiseyenko FV, Emileva TE, Oganesyan AP, Oganyan KA, Urtenova MA, Odintsova SV, Chistyakov IV, Degtyarev AM, Akopov AL, et al: Clinical predictors of response to single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors in chemotherapy-pretreated non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Clin Oncol. 20(32)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Jin CX, Liu YS, Qin HN, Teng YB, Sun R, Ma ZJ, Wang AM and Liu JW: Peripheral inflammatory factors as prognostic predictors for first-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep. 15(11206)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Tong W, Xu H, Tang J, Zhao N, Zhou D, Chen C and Cao D: Inflammatory factors are associated with prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy: A meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 14(26102)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Sonehara K, Tateishi K, Araki T, Komatsu M, Yamamoto H, Koizumi T and Hanaoka M: The role of immune-related adverse events in prognosis and efficacy prediction for patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy: A retrospective clinical analysis. Oncology. 99:271–279. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Seymour L, Bogaerts J, Perrone A, Ford R, Schwartz LH, Mandrekar S, Lin NU, Litière S, Dancey J, Chen A, et al: iRECIST: guidelines for response criteria for use in trials testing immunotherapeutics. Lancet Oncol. 18:e143–e52. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

National Institute of Health (NIH): Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v4.0. NIH, Bethesda, 2009. Accessed May 28, 2010.

23 

Rizwan S, Rai M, Bakalov V, Abel S, Lo H, Niranjan S, Sethi A, Khan T, Alhamad K, Attah A, et al: Impact of immune-related adverse events on survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A real-world perspective. SSRN, J Clin Oncol. 39 (Suppl 15)(e21213)2021.

24 

Morimoto K, Yamada T, Takumi C, Ogura Y, Takeda T, Onoi K, Chihara Y, Taniguchi R, Yamada T, Hiranuma O, et al: Immune-related adverse events are associated with clinical benefit in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy plus chemotherapy: A retrospective study. Front Oncol. 11(630136)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Couey MA, Bell RB, Patel AA, Romba MC, Crittenden MR, Curti BD, Urba WJ and Leidner RS: Delayed immune-related events (DIRE) after discontinuation of immunotherapy: Diagnostic hazard of autoimmunity at a distance. J Immunother Cancer. 7(165)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Owen DH, Wei L, Bertino EM, Edd T, Villalona-Calero MA, He K, Shields PG, Carbone DP and Otterson GA: Incidence, risk factors, and effect on survival of immune-related adverse events in patients with non–small-cell lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer. 19:e893–e900. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Gridelli C, Rossi E, De Chiara G, Ciardiello F and Sgambato A: Thyroid-induced toxicity of check-point inhibitors immunotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Endocrinol Diabe. 3:1–10. 2016.

28 

Delivanis DA, Gustafson MP, Bornschlegl S, Merten MM, Kottschade L, Withers S, Dietz AB and Ryder M: Pembrolizumab-induced thyroiditis: Comprehensive clinical review and insights into underlying involved mechanisms. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 102:2770–2780. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Postow MA, Sidlow R and Hellmann MD: Immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint blockade. N Engl J Med. 378:158–168. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Cortellini A, Chiari R, Ricciuti B, Metro G, Perrone F, Tiseo M, Bersanelli M, Bordi P, Santini D, Giusti R, et al: Correlations between the immune-related adverse events spectrum and efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy in NSCLC patients. Clin Lung Cancer. 20:237–247.e1. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Alrabadi NN, Abushukair HM, Ababneh OE, Syaj SS, Al-Horani SS, Qarqash AA, Darabseh OA, Al-Sous MM, Al-Aomar SR, Ahmed YB, et al: Systematic review and meta-analysis efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced melanoma patients with anti-PD-1 progression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Transl Oncol. 23:1885–1904. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Haanen JBAG, Carbonnel F, Robert C, Kerr KM, Peters S, Larkin J and Jordan K: ESMO Guidelines Committee. Management of toxicities from immunotherapy: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 28 (suppl 4):iv119–iv142. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Brahmer JR, Lacchetti C, Schneider BJ, Atkins MB, Brassil KJ, Caterino JM, Chau I, Ernstoff MS, Gardner JM, Ginex P, et al: Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: American society of clinical oncology clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 36:1714–1768. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Durbin SM, Zubiri L, Perlman K, Wu CY, Lim T, Grealish K, Hathaway N, LoPiccolo J, Wang M, Falade A, et al: Late-onset immune-related adverse events after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. JAMA Netw Open. 8(e252668)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Sayer MR, Mambetsariev I, Lu KH, Wong CW, Duche A, Beuttler R, Fricke J, Pharoan R, Arvanitis L, Eftekhari Z, et al: Predicting survival of NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: Impact and timing of immune-related adverse events and prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Front Oncol. 13(1064169)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Teraoka S, Fujimoto D, Morimoto T, Kawachi H, Ito M, Sato Y, Nagata K, Nakagawa A, Otsuka K, Uehara K, et al: Early immune-related adverse events and association with outcome in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with nivolumab: A prospective cohort study. J Thorac Oncol. 12:1798–1805. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Khoja L, Day D, Chen TWW, Siu LL and Hansen AR: Tumour-and class-specific patterns of immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review. Ann Oncol. 28:2377–2385. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Hsiehchen D, Naqash AR, Espinoza M, Von Itzstein MS, Cortellini A, Ricciuti B, Owen DH, Laharwal M, Toi Y, Burke M, et al: Association between immune-related adverse event timing and treatment outcomes. Oncoimmunology. 11(2017162)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Hosoya K, Fujimoto D, Morimoto T, Kumagai T, Tamiya A, Taniguchi Y, Yokoyama T, Ishida T, Hirano K, Matsumoto H, et al: Association between early immune-related adverse events and clinical outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clin Lung Cancer. 21:e315–e328. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Aso M, Toi Y, Sugisaka J, Aiba T, Kawana S, Saito R, Ogasawara T, Tsurumi K, Ono K, Shimizu H, et al: Association between skin reaction and clinical benefit in patients treated with anti-programmed cell death 1 monotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Oncologist. 25:e536–e544. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Sugano T, Seike M, Saito Y, Kashiwada T, Terasaki Y, Takano N, Hisakane K, Takahashi S, Tanaka T, Takeuchi S, et al: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated interstitial lung diseases correlate with better prognosis in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer. 11:1052–1060. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Chen X, Nie J, Dai L, Hu W, Zhang J, Han J, Ma X, Tian G, Han S and Wu D: , et al: Immune-related adverse events and their association with the effectiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: A real-world study from China. Front Oncol. 11(607531)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Chen M, Li Q, Xu Y, Zhao J, Zhang L, Wei L, Zhong W and Wang M: Immunotherapy as second-line treatment and beyond for non-small cell lung cancer in a single center of China: Outcomes, toxicities, and clinical predictive factors from a real-world retrospective analysis. Thorac Cancer. 11:1955–1962. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Bouhlel L, Doyen J, Chamorey E, Poudenx M, Ilie M, Gal J, Guigay J, Benzaquen J, Marquette CH, Berthet JP, et al: Occurrence and number of immune-related adverse events are independently associated with survival in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated by nivolumab. Bull Cancer. 107:946–958. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Ricciuti B, Genova C, De Giglio A, Bassanelli M, Dal Bello MG, Metro G, Brambilla M, Baglivo S, Grossi F and Chiari R: Impact of immune-related adverse events on survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with nivolumab: Long-term outcomes from a multi-institutional analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 145:479–485. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Burgos-San José A, Colomer-Aguilar C, Martínez-Caballero D and Massutí-Sureda B: Effectiveness and safety of atezolizumab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Farm Hosp. 45:121–125. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Torasawa M, Yoshida T, Yagishita S, Shimoda Y, Shirasawa M, Matsumoto Y, Masuda K, Shinno Y, Okuma Y, Goto Y, et al: Nivolumab versus pembrolizumab in previously-treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients: A propensity-matched real-world analysis. Lung Cancer. 167:49–57. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

48 

Sugisaka J, Toi Y, Taguri M, Kawashima Y, Aiba T, Kawana S, Saito R, Aso M, Tsurumi K, Suzuki K, et al: Relationship between programmed cell death protein ligand 1 expression and immune-related adverse events in non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab. JMA J. 3:58–66. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Lisberg A, Tucker DA, Goldman JW, Wolf B, Carroll J, Hardy A, Morris K, Linares P, Adame C, Spiegel ML, et al: Treatment-related adverse events predict improved clinical outcome in NSCLC patients on KEYNOTE-001 at a single center. Cancer Immunol Res. 6:288–294. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

50 

Peters S, Gettinger S, Johnson ML, Jänne PA, Garassino MC, Christoph D, Toh CK, Rizvi NA, Chaft JE, Carcereny Costa E, et al: Phase II trial of atezolizumab as first-line or subsequent therapy for patients with programmed death-ligand 1–selected advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (BIRCH). J Clin Oncol. 35:2781–2789. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Edahiro R, Kanazu M, Kurebe H, Mori M, Fujimoto D, Taniguchi Y, Suzuki H, Hirano K, Yokoyama T, Morita M, et al: Clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer patients with an ultra-high expression of programmed death ligand-1 treated using pembrolizumab as a first-line therapy: A retrospective multicenter cohort study in Japan. PLoS One. 14(e0220570)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

52 

Akazawa Y, Yoshikawa A, Kanazu M, Yano Y, Yamaguchi T and Mori M: Non-small cell lung cancer with tumor proportion score>90% could increase the risk of severe immune-related adverse events in first-line treatments with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A retrospective single-center study. Thorac Cancer. 13:2450–2458. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

53 

Bracamonte-Baran W and Kim ST: The current and future of biomarkers of immune related adverse events. Rheum Dis Clin. 50:201–227. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

54 

Townsend MJ, Benque IJ, Li M and Grover S: Contemporary management of gastrointestinal, pancreatic and hepatic toxicities of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 59:1350–1365. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

55 

O'Leary CL, Pierce N, Patel SP and Naidoo J: Immune-related toxicity in NSCLC: Current state-of-the-art and emerging clinical challenges. J Thorac Oncol. 19:395–408. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

56 

Cardeña-Gutiérrez A and López Barahona M: Predictive biomarkers of severe immune-related adverse events with immune checkpoint inhibitors: Prevention, underlying causes, intensity, and consequences. Front Med (Lausanne). 9(908752)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

57 

Mor A and Strazza M: Bridging the gap: Connecting the mechanisms of immune-related adverse events and autoimmunity through PD-1. Front cell Dev Biol. 9(790386)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Talab TJ, Shafi FA and Jasim SM: Association between immune‑related adverse events and therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab: A retrospective study. World Acad Sci J 7: 82, 2025.
APA
Talab, T.J., Shafi, F.A., & Jasim, S.M. (2025). Association between immune‑related adverse events and therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab: A retrospective study. World Academy of Sciences Journal, 7, 82. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2025.370
MLA
Talab, T. J., Shafi, F. A., Jasim, S. M."Association between immune‑related adverse events and therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab: A retrospective study". World Academy of Sciences Journal 7.5 (2025): 82.
Chicago
Talab, T. J., Shafi, F. A., Jasim, S. M."Association between immune‑related adverse events and therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab: A retrospective study". World Academy of Sciences Journal 7, no. 5 (2025): 82. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2025.370
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Talab TJ, Shafi FA and Jasim SM: Association between immune‑related adverse events and therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab: A retrospective study. World Acad Sci J 7: 82, 2025.
APA
Talab, T.J., Shafi, F.A., & Jasim, S.M. (2025). Association between immune‑related adverse events and therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab: A retrospective study. World Academy of Sciences Journal, 7, 82. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2025.370
MLA
Talab, T. J., Shafi, F. A., Jasim, S. M."Association between immune‑related adverse events and therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab: A retrospective study". World Academy of Sciences Journal 7.5 (2025): 82.
Chicago
Talab, T. J., Shafi, F. A., Jasim, S. M."Association between immune‑related adverse events and therapeutic outcomes in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab: A retrospective study". World Academy of Sciences Journal 7, no. 5 (2025): 82. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2025.370
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team