|
1
|
Dorsey ER, Sherer T, Okun MS and Bloem BR:
The emerging evidence of the Parkinson pandemic. J Parkinsons Dis.
8 (Suppl 1):S3–S8. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
2
|
Kalia LV and Lang AE: Parkinson's disease.
Lancet. 386:896–912. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
3
|
Tolosa E, Garrido A, Scholz SW and Poewe
W: Challenges in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Lancet
Neurol. 20:385–397. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
4
|
Cabreira V and Massano J: Parkinson's
Disease: Clinical Review and Update. Acta Med Port. 32:661–670.
2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In Portuguese).
|
|
5
|
Gushi S and Balis V: Mitochondrial
inherited disorders and their correlation with neurodegenerative
diseases. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 24:381–393.
2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
6
|
Jankovic J and Tan EK: Parkinson's
disease: Etiopathogenesis and treatment. J Neurol Neurosurg
Psychiatry. 91:795–808. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
7
|
Coukos R and Krainc D: Key genes and
convergent pathogenic mechanisms in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev
Neurosci. 25:393–413. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
8
|
Cerri S, Mus L and Blandini F: Parkinson's
disease in women and men: What's the difference? J Parkinsons Dis.
9:501–515. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
9
|
Bloem BR, Okun MS and Klein C: Parkinson's
disease. Lancet. 397:2284–2303. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
10
|
Pajares M, Rojo AI, Manda G, Boscá L and
Cuadrado A: Inflammation in Parkinson's disease: Mechanisms and
therapeutic implications. Cells. 9(1687)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
11
|
Elsworth JD: Parkinson's disease
treatment: Past, present, and future. J Neural Transm (Vienna).
127:785–791. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
12
|
Keenan MJ, Marco ML, Ingram DK and Martin
RJ: Improving healthspan via changes in gut microbiota and
fermentation. Age (Dordr). 37(98)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
13
|
Gilbert JA, Blaser MJ, Caporaso JG,
Jansson JK, Lynch SV and Knight R: Current understanding of the
human microbiome. Nat Med. 24:392–400. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
14
|
Cani PD: Human gut microbiome: Hopes,
threats and promises. Gut. 67:1716–1725. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
15
|
Jain A, Madkan S and Patil P: The role of
gut microbiota in neurodegenerative diseases: Current insights and
therapeutic implications. Cureus. 15(e47861)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
16
|
Olanow CW and Schapira AH: Therapeutic
prospects for Parkinson disease. Ann Neurol. 74:337–347.
2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
17
|
Cryan JF, O'Riordan KJ, Cowan CSM, Sandhu
KV, Bastiaanssen TFS, Boehme M, Codagnone MG, Cussotto S, Fulling
C, Golubeva AV, et al: The microbiota-gut-brain axis. Physiol Rev.
99:1877–2013. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
18
|
Zhu X, Han Y, Du J, Liu R, Jin K and Yi W:
Microbiota-gut-brain axis and the central nervous system.
Oncotarget. 8:53829–53838. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
19
|
Mayer EA, Knight R, Mazmanian SK, Cryan JF
and Tillisch K: Gut microbes and the brain: Paradigm shift in
neuroscience. J Neurosci. 34:15490–15496. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
20
|
Haase S, Wilck N, Haghikia A, Gold R,
Mueller DN and Linker RA: The role of the gut microbiota and
microbial metabolites in neuroinflammation. Eur J Immunol.
50:1863–1870. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
21
|
Klann EM, Dissanayake U, Gurrala A, Farrer
M, Shukla AW, Ramirez-Zamora A, Mai V and Vedam-Mai V: The
gut-brain axis and its relation to Parkinson's disease: A review.
Front Aging Neurosci. 13(782082)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
22
|
Lynch SV and Pedersen O: The human
intestinal microbiome in health and disease. N Engl J Med.
375:2369–2379. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
23
|
Shannon KM: Gut-derived sterile
inflammation and Parkinson's disease. Front Neurol.
13(831090)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
24
|
Hirayama M and Ohno K: Parkinson's disease
and gut microbiota. Ann Nutr Metab. 77 (Suppl 2):S28–S35.
2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
25
|
Brudek T: Inflammatory bowel diseases and
Parkinson's diseases. J Parkinsons Dis. 9(s2):S331–S344.
2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
26
|
Forsyth CB, Shannon KM, Kordower JH, Voigt
RM, Shaikh M, Jaglin JA, Estes JD, Dodiya HB and Keshavarzian A:
Increased intestinal permeability correlates with sigmoid mucosa
alpha-synuclein staining and endotoxin exposure markers in early
Parkinson's disease', PLoS. One. 6(e28032)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
27
|
Marchesi JR, Adams DH, Fava F, Hermes GD,
Hirschfield GM, Hold G, Quraishi MN, Kinross J, Smidt H, Tuohy KM,
et al: The gut microbiota and host health: A new clinical frontier.
Gut. 65:330–339. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
28
|
Rocha Cabrero F and Morrison EH: Lewy
Bodies. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL,
2025.
|
|
29
|
Jia X, Wang Q, Liu M and Ding J: The
interplay between gut microbiota and the brain-gut axis in
Parkinson's disease treatment. Front Neurol.
15(1415463)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
30
|
Gorecki AM, Preskey L, Bakeberg MC, Kenna
JE, Gildenhuys C, MacDougall G, Dunlop SA, Mastaglia FL, Akkari PA,
Koengten F and Anderton RS: Altered gut microbiome in Parkinson's
disease and the influence of lipopolysaccharide in a human
α-synuclein over-expressing mouse model. Front Neurosci.
13(839)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
31
|
Scheperjans F, Aho V, Pereira PA, Koskinen
K, Paulin L, Pekkonen E, Haapaniemi E, Kaakkola S, Eerola-Rautio J,
Pohja M, et al: Gut microbiota are related to Parkinson's disease
and clinical phenotype. Mov Disord. 30:350–358. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
32
|
Sorboni SG, Moghaddam HS,
Jafarzadeh-Esfehani R and Soleimanpour S: A comprehensive review on
the role of the gut microbiome in human neurological disorders.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 35(e0033820)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
33
|
Keshavarzian A, Green SJ, Engen PA, Voigt
RM, Naqib A, Forsyth CB, Mutlu E and Shannon KM: Colonic bacterial
composition in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 30:1351–1360.
2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
34
|
Heintz-Buschart A and Wilmes P: Human gut
microbiome: Function matters. Trends Microbiol. 26:563–574.
2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
35
|
Hill-Burns EM, Debelius JW, Morton JT,
Wissemann WT, Lewis MR, Wallen ZD, Peddada SD, Factor SA, Molho E,
Zabetian CP, et al: Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease
medications have distinct signatures of the gut microbiome. Mov
Disord. 32:739–749. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
36
|
Perez-Pardo P, Kliest T, Dodiya HB,
Broersen LM, Garssen J, Keshavarzian A and Kraneveld AD: . The
gut-brain axis in Parkinson's disease: Possibilities for food-based
therapies. Eur J Pharmacol. 817:86–95. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
37
|
Shi J, Wang Y, Chen D, Xu X, Li W, Li K,
He J, Su W and Luo Q: The alteration of intestinal mucosal
α-synuclein expression and mucosal microbiota in Parkinson's
disease. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 107:1917–1929. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
38
|
Sampson TR, Debelius JW, Thron T, Janssen
S, Shastri GG, Ilhan ZE, Challis C, Schretter CE, Rocha S,
Gradinaru V, et al: Gut microbiota regulate motor deficits and
neuroinflammation in a model of Parkinson's disease. Cell.
167:1469–1480.e12. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
39
|
Unger MM, Spiegel J, Dillmann KU,
Grundmann D, Philippeit H, Bürmann J, Faßbender K, Schwiertz A and
Schäfer KH: Short chain fatty acids and gut microbiota differ
between patients with Parkinson's disease and age-matched controls.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 32:66–72. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
40
|
Cirstea MS, Yu AC, Golz E, Sundvick K,
Kliger D, Radisavljevic N, Foulger LH, Mackenzie M, Huan T, Finlay
BB and Appel-Cresswell S: Microbiota composition and metabolism are
associated with gut function in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord.
35:1208–1217. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
41
|
Keshavarzian A, Engen P, Bonvegna S and
Cilia R: The gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease: A culprit or a
bystander? Prog Brain Res. 252:357–450. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
42
|
Murros KE, Huynh VA, Takala TM and Saris
PEJ: Desulfovibrio bacteria are associated with Parkinson's
disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 11(652617)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
43
|
Qian Y, Yang X, Xu S, Wu C, Song Y, Qin N,
Chen SD and Xiao Q: Alteration of the fecal microbiota in Chinese
patients with Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav Immun. 70:194–202.
2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
44
|
Vascellari S, Melis M, Palmas V, Pisanu S,
Serra A, Perra D, Santoru ML, Oppo V, Cusano R, Uva P, et al:
Clinical phenotypes of Parkinson's disease associate with distinct
gut microbiota and metabolome enterotypes. Biomolecules.
11(144)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
45
|
Ashique S, Mohanto S, Ahmed MG, Mishra N,
Garg A, Chellappan DK, Omara T, Iqbal S and Kahwa I: Gut-brain
axis: A cutting-edge approach to target neurological disorders and
potential synbiotic application. Heliyon. 10(e34092)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
46
|
Barichella M, Severgnini M, Cilia R,
Cassani E, Bolliri C, Caronni S, Ferri V, Cancello R, Ceccarani C,
Faierman S, et al: Unraveling gut microbiota in Parkinson's disease
and atypical parkinsonism. Mov Disord. 34:396–405. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
47
|
Lubomski M, Davis RL and Sue CM: The gut
microbiota: A novel therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease?
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 66:265–266. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
48
|
Suresh SB, Malireddi A, Abera M, Noor K,
Ansar M, Boddeti S and Nath TS: Gut microbiome and its role in
Parkinson's disease. Cureus. 16(e73150)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
49
|
Ambrosini YM, Borcherding D, Kanthasamy A,
Kim HJ, Willette AA, Jergens A, Allenspach K and Mochel JP: The
gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases and relevance of the
canine model: A review. Front Aging Neurosci.
11(130)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
50
|
Zhang X, Tang B and Guo J: Parkinson's
disease and gut microbiota: From clinical to mechanistic and
therapeutic studies. Transl Neurodegener. 12(59)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
51
|
Kleine Bardenhorst S, Cereda E, Severgnini
M, Barichella M, Pezzoli G, Keshavarzian A, Desideri A, Pietrucci
D, Aho VTE, Scheperjans F, et al: Gut microbiota dysbiosis in
Parkinson disease: A systematic review and pooled analysis. Eur J
Neurol. 30:3581–3594. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
52
|
Chandrasekaran P, Weiskirchen S and
Weiskirchen R: Effects of probiotics on gut microbiota: An
overview. Int J Mol Sci. 25(6022)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
53
|
Di Vincenzo F, Del Gaudio A, Petito V,
Lopetuso LR and Scaldaferri F: Gut microbiota, intestinal
permeability, and systemic inflammation: A narrative review. Intern
Emerg Med. 19:275–293. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
54
|
Tzour A, Leibovich H, Barkai O, Biala Y,
Lev S, Yaari Y and Binshtok AM: KV 7/M channels as
targets for lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory neuronal
hyperexcitability. J Physiol. 595:713–738. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
55
|
Poewe W, Seppi K, Tanner CM, Halliday GM,
Brundin P, Volkmann J, Schrag AE and Lang AE: Parkinson disease.
Nat Rev Dis Primers. 3(17013)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
56
|
Tan AH, Lim SY, Chong KK, Manap MAA, Hor
JW, Lim JL, Low SC, Chong CW, Mahadeva S and Lang AE: Probiotics
for constipation in Parkinson Disease: A Randomized
Placebo-Controlled Study. Neurology. 96:e772–e782. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
57
|
Martin CR, Osadchiy V, Kalani A and Mayer
EA: The brain-gut-microbiome axis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol.
6:133–148. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
58
|
Segal A, Zlotnik Y, Moyal-Atias K,
Abuhasira R and Ifergane G: Fecal microbiota transplant as a
potential treatment for Parkinson's disease-A case series. Clin
Neurol Neurosurg. 207(106791)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
59
|
DuPont HL, Suescun J, Jiang ZD, Brown EL,
Essigmann HT, Alexander AS, DuPont AW, Iqbal T, Utay NS, Newmark M
and Schiess MC: Fecal microbiota transplantation in Parkinson's
disease-A randomized repeat-dose, placebo-controlled clinical pilot
study. Front Neurol. 14(1104759)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
60
|
Xue LJ, Yang XZ, Tong Q, Shen P, Ma SJ, Wu
SN, Zheng JL and Wang HG: Fecal microbiota transplantation therapy
for Parkinson's disease: A preliminary study. Medicine (Baltimore).
99(e22035)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
61
|
Westfall S, Lomis N, Kahouli I, Dia SY,
Singh SP and Prakash S: Microbiome, probiotics and
neurodegenerative diseases: Deciphering the gut brain axis. Cell
Mol Life Sci. 74:3769–3787. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
62
|
Warren A, Nyavor Y, Zarabian N, Mahoney A
and Frame LA: The microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface in the
pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases: A narrative review of
the emerging literature. Front Immunol. 15(1365673)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
63
|
Gupta R, Kumari S, Senapati A, Ambasta RK
and Kumar P: New era of artificial intelligence and machine
learning-based detection, diagnosis, and therapeutics in
Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev. 90(102013)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
64
|
Palacios N, Wilkinson J, Bjornevik K,
Schwarzschild MA, McIver L, Ascherio A and Huttenhower C:
Metagenomics of the gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease:
Prodromal changes. Ann Neurol. 94:486–501. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
65
|
Hey G, Nair N, Klann E, Gurrala A,
Safarpour D, Mai V, Ramirez-Zamora A and Vedam-Mai V: Therapies for
Parkinson's disease and the gut microbiome: Evidence for
bidirectional connection. Front Aging Neurosci.
15(1151850)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
66
|
Arnold JW, Roach J and Azcarate-Peril MA:
Emerging technologies for gut microbiome research. Trends
Microbiol. 24:887–901. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
